| 1. |
- Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Cracking and Fatigue of Heavy Loaded Prestressed Concrete Bridge in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: IABSE Symposium Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. - Zürich : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. ; , s. 792-799
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prestressed concrete bridge was built in 1963 with BBRV cables. It has three spans and a total length of 134.8 m. Due to mining activities the bridge was loaded with trucks with a total weight of 90 ton during 2012-2014 and from 2019. Crack development has been monitored manually and from 2020 with strain gauges and LVDTs.Cracks normally vary between 0.1 to 0.3 mm in width and grow in length with time. In November 2020 some of the strain gauges on the concrete showed alarming growth and the bridge was closed for traffic. Additional strain gauges were installed on vertical reinforcement bars and an assessment was carried out of the fatigue capacity of the bridge. It was found that the new strain gauges did not indicate any growth in strain and that the fatigue capacity was sufficient. The bridge could be opened again for traffic after being closed for five weeks. Monitoring drift in the strain gauges and fatigue are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Grahn, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effective choices of marine fuels under stringent carbon dioxide targets
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 3rd International conference on technologies, operations, logistics and modelling in Low Carbon Shipping, University College London..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In order to investigate cost-effective choices of future marine fuels in a carbon constrained world, the linear optimisation model of the global energy system, GET-RC 6.1, has been modified to GET-RC 6.2, including a more detailed representation of the shipping sector. In this study the GET-RC 6.2 model was used to assess what fuel/fuels and propulsion technology options for shipping are cost-effective to switch to when achieving global stabilisation of atmospheric CO2 concentrations at 400 ppm. The aim is to investigate (i) when is it cost-effective to start to phase out the oil from the shipping sector and what determines the speed of the phase out, (ii) under what circumstances are LNG or methanol cost-effective replacers and (iii) the role of bioenergy as a marine fuel. In our base analysis we analyse results from assuming that CCS will be large-scale available in future as well as if it will not. In the sensitivity analysis different parameters have been varied in order to investigate which impact for example different supply of primary energy sources and different costs for different transportation technologies will have on the choice of fuels in the shipping sector. Three main conclusions are presented (i) it seems to be cost-effective to start to phase out the oil from the shipping sector nearest decades, (ii) natural gas based fuels, i.e. fossil methanol and LNG are the two most probable replacers, of which methanol has been shown to dominate in the case with CCS (methanol or LNG depends on the availability of natural gas, on the methane slip and on infrastructure costs) and (iii) limited supply and competition for bioenergy among other end use sectors makes the contribution of bioenergy small, in the shipping sector.
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| 4. |
- Hipkiss, Anna Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching in Flexible Spatial and Digital Conditions
- 2021
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Ingår i: EARLI 2021. ; , s. 314-314
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the opportunities and challenges of teaching under flexible spatial and digital conditions of the learning environment of a newly build school, analyzing how teaching is organized and what curricular genres can be discerned, what resources and practices are offered to stimulate students meaningmaking and what framing, relations and accessibility can be distinguished by the flexibility of furniture and classroom space. The analyses of a teacher team’s planning and teaching of the thematic work project on Space in years 2-3 (ages 8 to 9) and another teacher team’s thematic work project onCommunication in years 4-7 (ages10 to12) reveal varied teaching strategies between teacher-led and student-centered forms offering students linguistic, visual and audiovisual resources to make meaning of shared content in different school subjects. The young students practice reading comprehension, both of written texts and films, that also serves their knowledge-building about space. The older students display skills relating to different subjects through different technological and digital resources.
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| 6. |
- Lindström, John, et al.
(författare)
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Zero Defect Manufacturing in an Industry 4.0 Context : A Case Study of Requirements for Change and Desired Effects
- 2020
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Ingår i: TESConf 2020 - 9th International Conference on Through-life Engineering Services. - : Elsevier BV.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper addresses, based on a case study comprising six process- and manufacturing industry companies, requirements for change and desired effects from Zero Defect Manufacturing in an Industry 4.0 context. The results outline seven problems and five needs perceived by the companies. Further, the results also outline four desired effects. The results are aligned with existing literature and studies but also bring up new aspects of Zero Defect Manufacturing in terms of problems, needs and desired effects. Noteworthy new desired effects are increased trust for the production process and improved gender equality.
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| 7. |
- Taljegård, Maria, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Electrofuels – a possibility for shipping in a low carbon future?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of International Conference on Shipping in Changing Climates, Glasgow, Nov 2015. ; 2, s. 405-418
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Continued growth of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the shipping industry until 2050 and beyond is expected although of the recent decline. The global share of anthropogenic CO2 emissions from ships is only about 2 percent, but there is a risk that this share will increase substantially if no action is taken. What are the possibilities for decarbonisation of the shipping industry, then? Some of the measures discussed are energy efficiency, use of biofuels and use of hydrogen. In this paper a fourth option is scrutinised – use of electrofuels. Electrofuels is an umbrella term for carbon-based fuels, e.g. methane or methanol, which are produced using electricity as the primary source of energy. The carbon in the fuel comes from CO2 which can be captured from various industrial processes such as exhaust gases, the sea or the air. The production of electrofuels is still in its infancy, and many challenges need to be overcome before electrofuels are brought to market on a large scale. First, this paper gives an overview of the current status of electrofuels regarding technologies, efficiencies and costs. Second, as electrofuels production requires significant amounts of CO2 and electricity, the feasibility to produce enough electrofuels to supply all ships bunkering in Sweden, with regionally produced electricity and regionally emitted CO2, and the amount of CO2 that is required to supply all ships globally is evaluated in two case studies assessing supply potential.
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| 8. |
- Udén, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Vård- och omsorgspersonal medverkar i teknikutveckling modell : vägen till en rimlig modell
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Användarmedverkan i teknikutveckling kan både ses utifrån demokratiska potentialer och som en kommersiell investering – ett sätt att förkorta ledtid från idé till produkt. Användarmedverkan kan också uppfattas som ett sätt att kvalitetssäkra en utvecklingsprocess. Inom vård och omsorg involveras idag vårdtagare, anhöriga och vårdgivare i en ”boom” kring eHälsa och digitala applikationer och tjänster för vård och omsorg. Det vi kallar en ”boom” kan förväntas sträcka sig över ett antal år innan branschen stabiliserats. Inom denna ”boom” har – med offentliga aktörer som påskyndare – ”användarmedverkan” i teknikutveckling från vård- och omsorgspersonalens sida närmast institutionaliserats. Frågan är, i tidens vurm för deltagande och bottom-upprocesser, hur ”användarens” intressen tillvaratas när deltagande blir en arbetsuppgift? Och vilka är ”användarens” intressen? Deltagande, även kallad interaktiv forskning (med flera begrepp) innehåller instruktioner för demokratiska förhållningssätt, som ger utrymme för den senare frågan att besvaras i varje konkret sammanhang. Men kriterierna för att tillämpa de här instruktionerna är inte med nödvändighet uppfyllda i den stora gruppen forsknings- och innovationsprojekt där personal ”på golvet” involveras. Med (semi)institutionaliseringen av deltagande metoder flyttar den springande punkten från att röra forsknings- och utvecklingsmetod till arbetsorganisation, och här specifikt hur vård- och omsorgspersonalens deltagande organiseras. Vi är här intresserade av hur ”medverkan” i teknikutveckling inom vård och omsorg hanteras idag – och hur den bör hanteras om man ser till vård/omsorgspersonalens intressen. Till att börja med är det värdefullt att skapa en plattform för problematisering, och syftet med vårt inlägg här är att föreslå en sådan modell.
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| 9. |
- Virta, J, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of metabolic substrate modification on myocardial efficiency in a rat model of obesity and diabetes
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal, Supplement. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1520-765X .- 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 43:2, s. 3076-3076
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCongenic leptin receptor deficient rat generated by introgression of the Koletsky leptin receptor mutation into BioBreeding Diabetes Resistant rat (BBDR.lepr−/−) is a novel animal model combining obesity, systemic insulin resistance and diabetes. Systemic insulin resistance is associated with reduced myocardial glucose utilization, but its effect on myocardial external efficiency, i.e. the ability of the myocardium to convert energy into external stroke work, remains uncertain.PurposeTo characterize cardiac energy metabolism and function in BBDR.lepr−/− rats and to study the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor linagliptin in this model.MethodsCardiac phenotype was evaluated in six-month-old male BBDR.lepr−/− rats (n=11) and age-matched male non-diabetic lean control littermates (BBDR.lepr+/− or BBDR.lepr+/+ rats, n=14). Of these, 7 BBDR.lepr−/− rats and 6 controls underwent cardiac ultrasound, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), and [11C]acetate PET in order to evaluate cardiac structure and function as well as glucose and oxidative metabolism. In the remaining rats, fatty acid metabolism was evaluated by [18F]fluorothia-6-heptadecanoic acid ([18F]FTHA) PET/CT. In the linagliptin intervention study, 25 BBDR.lepr−/− male rats were randomly divided into control group (n=11) that received regular chow diet and linagliptin group (n=14) that received linagliptin (10mg/kg/d) mixed in the chow diet for three months. After the intervention, the rats underwent cardiac ultrasound, [18F]FDG PET/CT, and [11C]acetate PET.ResultsCompared with controls, BBDR.lepr−/− rats showed increased left ventricle (LV) mass (∼40%, p>0.001) and higher systolic blood pressure (∼10%, p=0.02). However, fractional shortening and cardiac output were similar in both groups. Myocardial fractional uptake rate of glucose measured with [18F]FDG PET was significantly reduced (∼86%, p=0.004) (Fig. 1A, E), whereas myocardial fatty acid uptake measured by [18F]FTHA PET was not significantly increased (free fatty acid (FFA) corrected standardized uptake value (SUV) ∼21%, p=0.54) (Fig. 1B) in BBDR.lepr−/− compared to controls. Myocardial oxygen consumption assessed by [11C]acetate PET was similar in both groups (Fig. 1C, E), but LV work per gram of myocardium was reduced (∼28%, p=0.001) resulting in reduced myocardial external efficiency (∼21%, p=0.03) (Fig. 1D) in BBDR.lepr−/− compared to controls. Treatment with linagliptin significantly enhanced myocardial fractional uptake rate of glucose (∼166%, p=0.006) (Fig. 2A, C), but had no effect on efficiency of cardiac work (Fig. 2B).ConclusionsObese and diabetic BBDR.lepr−/− rats demonstrate LV hypertrophy and markedly reduced myocardial glucose utilization associated with impaired myocardial external efficiency despite normal LV systolic function. Enhancement of myocardial glucose uptake by linagliptin did not improve efficiency of cardiac work.Funding AcknowledgementType of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): IMI-SUMMIT
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