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| 2. |
- Egecioglu, Emil, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Central NMU signaling in body weight and energy balance regulation: evidence from NMUR2 deletion and chronic central NMU treatment in mice.
- 2009
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1555 .- 0193-1849. ; 297:3, s. E708-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the role of the central neuromedin U (NMU) signaling system in body weight and energy balance regulation, we examined the effects of long-term intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of NMU in C57Bl/6 mice and in mice lacking the gene encoding NMU receptor 2. In diet-induced obese male and female C57BL/6 mice, icv infusion of NMU (8 microg x day(-1) x mouse(-1)) for 7 days decreased body weight and total energy intake compared with vehicle treatment. However, these parameters were unaffected by NMU treatment in lean male and female C57BL/6 mice fed a standard diet. In addition, female (but not male) NMUR2-null mice had increased body weight and body fat mass when fed a high-fat diet but lacked a clear body weight phenotype when fed a standard diet compared with wild-type littermates. Furthermore, female (but not male) NMUR2-null mice fed a high-fat diet were protected from central NMU-induced body weight loss compared with littermate wild-type mice. Thus, we provide the first evidence that long-term central NMU treatment reduces body weight, food intake, and adiposity and that central NMUR2 signaling is required for these effects in female but not male mice.
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| 3. |
- Gomis-Fons, Joaquin, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal loading flow rate trajectory in monoclonal antibody capture chromatography
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we determined the optimal flow rate trajectory during the loading phase of a mAb capture column. For this purpose, a multi-objective function was used, consisting of productivity and resin utilization. Several general types of trajectories were considered, and the optimal Pareto points were obtained for all of them. In particular, the presented trajectories include a constant-flow loading process as a nominal approach, a stepwise trajectory, and a linear trajectory. Selected trajectories were then applied in experiments with the state-of-the-art protein A resin mAb Select PrismA (TM), running in batch mode on a standard single-column chromatography setup, and using both a purified mAb solution as well as a clarified supernatant. The results show that this simple approach, programming the volumetric flow rate according to either of the explored strategies, can improve the process economics by increasing productivity by up to 12% and resin utilization by up to 9% compared to a constant-flow process, while obtaining a yield higher than 99%. The productivity values were similar to the ones obtained in a multi column continuous process, and ranged from 0.23 to 0.35 mg/min/mL resin. Additionally, it is shown that a model calibration carried out at constant flow can be applied in the simulation and optimization of flow trajectories. The selected processes were scaled up to pilot scale and simulated to prove that even higher productivity and resin utilization can be achieved at larger scales, and therefore confirm that the trajectories are generalizable across process scales for this resin.
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| 4. |
- Löfgren, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of integrated chromatography sequences for purification of biopharmaceuticals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Progress. - : Wiley. - 8756-7938 .- 1520-6033. ; 35:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With continued development of integrated and continuous downstream purification processes, tuning and optimization become increasingly complicated with additional parameters and codependent variables over the sequence. This article offers a novel perspective of nonlinear optimization of integrated sequences with regard to individual column sizes, flow rates, and scheduling. The problem setup itself is a versatile tool to be used in downstream design which is demonstrated in two case studies: a four-column integrated sequence and a continuously loaded twin-capture setup with five columns.
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| 5. |
- Rudberg, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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A Scrambler and a Method of Scrambling Data Words
- 2001
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The invention relates generally to D/A converters and more specifically to a method of scrambling or randomization of thermometer coded input data in order to reduce the influence of matching errors in D/A converters.
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| 6. |
- Rudberg, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Glitch minimization and dynamic element matching in D/A converters
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proc. 7th IEEE Int. Conf. on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS'00. - : IEEE. - 0780365429 ; , s. 899-902 vol.2
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a novel method for combining thermometer coding and dynamic element matching (DEM) in a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The proposed method combines DEM with a minimization of glitch power. The glitch power may in a DEM solution make a significant contribution to the total noise power. The switch based solution provides a structural solution where it is possible to implement parts of the method, which reduce the area required for implementation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sellberg, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-flowrate Optimization of the Loading Phase of a Preparative Chromatographic Separation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Computer Aided Chemical Engineering. - 1570-7946. - 9780444642356 ; 43, s. 1619-1624
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution consists of a multi-flow rate optimization method to maximize the key performance indicators, yield, degree of resin utilization and productivity for a chromatographic loading step. The protein adsorption to the resin is modeled using a mechanistic column model with a steric mass action adsorption isotherm. The model was used to optimize the flow rate trajectories and the loading duration by using a simultaneous method where the controls and state variables were discretized using a direct and local collocation method on finite elements in the temporal dimension and a finite volume weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme in the spatial dimension. The discretized nonlinear program was solved using an interior point method. The two and three dimensional pareto fronts for the multi-objective optimization are presented and the multi-flow rate strategy showed considerable improvement in all objectives at different points on the pareto front.
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| 9. |
- Strandberg, Louise, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Mice chronically fed high-fat diet have increased mortality and disturbed immune response in sepsis.
- 2009
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 4:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a potentially deadly disease that often is caused by gram-positive bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). As there are few effective therapies for sepsis, increased basic knowledge about factors predisposing is needed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The purpose of this study was to study the effect of Western diet on mortality induced by intravenous S. aureus inoculation and the immune functions before and after bacterial inoculation. Here we show that C57Bl/6 mice on high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks, like genetically obese Ob/Ob mice on low-fat diet (LFD), have increased mortality during S. aureus-induced sepsis compared with LFD-fed C57Bl/6 controls. Bacterial load in the kidneys 5-7 days after inoculation was increased 10-fold in HFD-fed compared with LFD-fed mice. At that time, HFD-fed mice had increased serum levels and fat mRNA expression of the immune suppressing cytokines interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and IL-10 compared with LFD-fed mice. In addition, HFD-fed mice had increased serum levels of the pro-inflammatory IL-1beta. Also, HFD-fed mice with and without infection had increased levels of macrophages in fat. The proportion and function of phagocytosing granulocytes, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by peritoneal lavage cells were decreased in HFD-fed compared with LFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings imply that chronic HFD disturb several innate immune functions in mice, and impairs the ability to clear S. aureus and survive sepsis.
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| 10. |
- Tallvod, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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A novel process design for automated quality analysis in an integrated biopharmaceutical platform
- 2022
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Ingår i: 32nd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. - 1570-7946. - 9780323958790 ; 51, s. 619-624
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution describes a novel process design consisting of the implementation of a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system into an existing integrated biopharmaceutical purification platform in order to extend the possibilities of analysis. This setup is controlled by a custom-made set of software tools, namely the combination of Orbit along with a C# based program called Satellite, which is used to link the HPLC system to Orbit. By using this process design, automated analysis of the continuous process flow is made possible, generating full wavelength spectra, and automated pool quality analysis. These spectra contain at least an order of magnitude more data compared to a standard chromatogram, which can be utilized for further analysis, while the pool quality analyses can be used for making decisions regarding how to proceed with a particular pool. The results of the study show the successful implementation of automated analytic tools to the purification process, which also indicates that the process carries promise as a generalizable platform for Orbit-controlled designs for different analysis purposes.
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