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- Axner, Ove, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing bacterial adhesion on an individual adhesin and single pili level using optical tweezers
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bacterial adhesion. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; , s. 301-313
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical tweezers (OT) are a technique that, by focused laser light, can both manipulate micrometer sized objects and measure minute forces (in the pN range) in biological systems. The technique is therefore suitable for assessment of bacterial adhesion on an individual adhesin-receptor and single attachment organelle (pili) level. This chapter summarizes the use of OT for assessment of adhesion mechanisms of both non-piliated and piliated bacteria. The latter include the important helix-like pili expressed by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), which have shown to have unique and intricate biomechanical properties. It is conjectured that the large flexibility of this type of pili allows for a redistribution of an external shear force among several pili, thereby extending the adhesion lifetime of bacteria. Systems with helix-like adhesion organelles may therefore act as dynamic biomechanical machineries, enhancing the ability of bacteria to withstand high shear forces originating from rinsing flows such as in the urinary tract. This implies that pili constitute an important virulence factor and a possible target for future anti-microbial drugs.
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| 2. |
- Axner, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Unraveling the secrets of bacterial adhesion organelles using single molecule force spectroscopy
- 2010. - 96
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Ingår i: Springer series in chemical physics. - : Springer Verlag. - 9783642025969 ; , s. 337-362
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many types of bacterium express micrometer-long attachment organelles (so called pili) whose role is to mediate adhesion to host tissue. Until recently, little was known about their function in the adhesion process. Forcemeasuring ptical tweezers (FMOT) have since then been used to unravel the iomechanical properties of various types of pili, primarily those from uropathogenic E. coli, in particular their force-vs.-elongation response, but lately also some properties of the adhesin situated and the distal end of the pilus. This knowledge provides an understanding of how piliated bacteria can sustain external shear forces caused by rinsing processes, e.g. urine flow. It has been found that anytypes of pilus exhibit unique and complex force-vs.-elongation responses. It has been conjectured that their dissimilar properties impose significant differences in their ability to sustain external forces and that different types of pilus therefore have dissimilar predisposition to withstand different types of rinsing conditions. An understanding of these properties is of high importance since it can serve as a basis for finding new means to combat bacterial adhesion, including that caused by antibiotic-resistance bacteria. This work presents a review of the current status of the assessment of biophysical properties of individual pili on single bacteria exposed to strain/stress, primarily by the FMOT technique. It also addresses, for the first time, how the elongation and retraction properties of the rod couple to the adhesive properties of the tip adhesin.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Lars-Ove, et al.
(författare)
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Myter och sanningar om svensk fiskodling
- 2003
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Ingår i: Torskar torsken? Forskare och fiskare om fisk och fiske. - Stockholm : Formas. ; , s. 103-111
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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