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- Andersson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Research. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between state-based emotions and judgments may seem universal, its strength varies across countries. Aligned with theoretical predictions, this link is stronger in societies, and among individuals, that place higher value on individual autonomy. Thus, autonomy values may increase the role that emotions play in guiding judgments of social sanctions.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate. Little is known about peoples preferred responses to norm violations across countries. Here, in a study of 57 countries, the authors highlight cultural similarities and differences in peoples perception of the appropriateness of norm violations.
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| 3. |
- Ljung, Thomas, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system in relation to waist/hip circumference ratio in men
- 2000
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Ingår i: Obesity Research. - : Wiley. - 1071-7323 .- 1550-8528. ; 8, s. 487-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate possible differences, between generally and abdominally obese men, in activity and regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system.Research Methods and Procedures: Fifty non-diabetic, middle-aged men were selected to obtain two groups with similar body mass index (BMI) but different waist/hip circumference ratio (WHR). Measurements were performed of the activity of the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system, as well as metabolic and endocrine variables.Results: Men with a high WHR, in comparisons with men with a low WHR, had higher insulin, glucose, and triglyceride values in the basal state and higher glucose and insulin after an oral glucose tolerance test. Men with high WHR had elevated diurnal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) values but similar cortisol values, except lower cortisol values in the morning. Diurnal growth hormone concentrations showed reduced peak size. Stimulation of the HPA axis with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and laboratory stress showed no difference in ACTH values between groups, but cortisol values were lower in-men with high WHR. In comparison with men with a low WHR, men with a high WHR had elevated pulse pressure and heart rate in the basal state and after challenges by CRH and laboratory stress. They also had increased urinary excretion of catecholamine metabolites.Discussion: These results suggest a mild dysregulation of the HPA axis, occurring with elevated WHR independent of the BMI. The results also indicate a central activation of the sympathetic nervous system, such as in the early phases of hypertension, correlating with insulin resistance.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Ulf, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Foreign subsidiary networks
- 2024
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of International Strategic Management. - : Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.. - 9781800884045 - 9781800884038 ; , s. 105-108
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Marcus, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Misconceptions within the Use of Overall Equipment Effectiveness - A Theoretical Discussion on Industrial Examples
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering, Volume 13. - : IOS Press BV. - 9781614994398 ; , s. 36-47
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a common performance measure used in manufacturing industry to identify and prioritize losses to perform improvement work on in order to increase the effectiveness of equipment. There exist challenges though, both in implementing OEE as well as in running an OEE-program. Some of these challenges include lack of training and awareness, lack of focus, risk of misunderstanding the measure etc. This paper will deal with some of the possible misconceptions within the use of OEE that might arise during implementation or in continuously running an OEE-program. Some of the topics of misconceptions that will be discussed include: no financial issues are taken into consideration; that the factors of availability; performance and quality are not weighted; the connection to productivity is not always clear; the importance of cross-functionality of the measurement and work method; the issue of comparison of OEE results; and last but not least the view on and hunt for world class levels. The paper will discuss these (and some additional ones) theoretically and suggest some counter-Actions so that they may be avoided.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Author Correction : Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies (Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 1, (1481), 10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original version of this Article contained an error in the author affiliations. Cecilia Reyna was incorrectly associated with ‘Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC). Facultad de Psicología (UNC), Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. de la Reforma esquina, Enfermera Gordillo s/n, Córdoba, Argentina.’ instead of the correct ‘Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, República Argentina.’ This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article. © The Author(s) 2021
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