| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Dagöö, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive behavior therapy versus interpersonal psychotherapy for social anxiety disorder delivered via smartphone and computer: A randomized controlled trial
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Anxiety Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7897 .- 0887-6185. ; 28:4, s. 410-417
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a previously evaluated guided Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder (SAD) was adapted for mobile phone administration (mCBT). The treatment was compared with a guided self-help treatment based on interpersonal psychotherapy (mIPT). The treatment platform could be accessed through smartphones, tablet computers, and standard computers. A total of 52 participants were diagnosed with SAD and randomized to either mCBT (n = 27) or mIPT (n = 25). Measures were collected at pre-treatment, during the treatment, post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. On the primary outcome measure, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale - self-rated, both groups showed statistically significant improvements. However, mCBT performed significantly better than mIPT (between group Cohen's d = 0.64 in favor of mCBT). A larger proportion of the mCBT group was classified as responders at post-treatment (55.6% versus 8.0% in the mIPT group). We conclude that CBT for SAD can be delivered using modern information technology. IPT delivered as a guided self-help treatment may be less effective in this format. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 3. |
- De Arcangelis, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
-
Structure analysis of beta-glucan in barley and effects of wheat beta-glucanase
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 85, s. 175-181
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, beta-glucan in samples of sifted flour from six barley varieties was sequentially extracted with water and NaOH obtaining three fractions: water-extractable (WE), NaOH- extractable (NaE) and residual (Res). beta-Glucan isolates were incubated with lichenase and oligomers released were analysed with high performance anion exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). A higher ratio of 3-O-beta-cellobiosyl-D-glucose (DP3) to 3-O-beta-cellotriosyl-D-glucose (DP4) is reported in WE, NaE and Res fractions in variety SLU 7 (shrunken endosperm) compared to the other varieties, suggesting a more packed beta-glucan structure. Water-extractable and water-unextractable beta-glucan fractions were incubated with wheat extract and effects of wheat beta-glucanase on the structure was assessed after lichenase digestion and analysis with HPAEC-PAD. Findings suggest that wheat beta-glucanase manifests a selective hydrolysis towards beta-glucan with lower DP3/DP4 ratio and that beta-glucan of SLU 7 is composed of a population with higher DP3/DP4 ratio and hence with a more tighten structure which may be more resistant to enzymic action. Overall, the results obtained are of interest to characterise barleys differing in starch and dietary fibre composition, specifically shrunken endosperm barley SLU 7 in the perspective of its inclusion in the production of beta-glucan enriched foods.
|
|
| 4. |
- Dima, Danai, et al.
(författare)
-
Subcortical volumes across the lifespan : Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Human Brain Mapping. - : Wiley. - 1065-9471 .- 1097-0193. ; 43:1, s. 452-469
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.
|
|
| 5. |
- Djurle, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of baking on dietary fibre, with emphasis on beta-glucan and resistant starch, in barley breads
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 79, s. 449-455
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, 50% sifted barley flour from six different varieties and 50% refined wheat flour was used to bake bread. The flour mixture and the bread crumb and crust were analysed for content and composition of total dietary fibre, arabinoxylan, fructan, beta-glucan, starch and resistant starch. Total dietary fibre content and extractability were not changed significantly by bread making. The extractability of mixed linkage (1 -> 3), (1 -> 4)- beta-D-glucan (beta-glucan) increased with baking, while the average molecular weight of beta-glucan decreased. However in one variety, SW 7, higher average molecular weight was maintained and a different pattern was apparent in the molecular weight distribution. SLU 7 is thereby promising for inclusion in bread where a higher molecular weight of beta-glucan is preferred, especially since the content of beta-glucan in SLU 7 is high. The resistant starch formed positively correlated with amylose content. The high amylose variety yielded 2.9% resistant starch in the bread crumb, making an important contribution to total dietary fibre. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 6. |
- Djurle, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Milling and extrusion of six barley varieties, effects on dietary fibre and starch content and composition
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 72, s. 146-152
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Barley is a rich source of dietary fibre that can promote beneficial physiological effects. The carbohydrate composition in different barley varieties differs considerably and choice of variety is thus important. This study examined whether differences in carbohydrate composition observed in barley kernels of different varieties persisted in the sifted flour and in an extruded product. Six barley varieties were milled and extruded and dietary fibre and starch in the kernels, flour and extruded product were analysed. The starch content was found to be higher in flour and extruded product than in kernels. The content of arabinoxylan was higher in sifted flour than in kernels, but was decreased by extrusion. The extractability of arabinoxylan was increased by extrusion, while its average molecular weight was decreased. Extrusion also decreased the content of mixed-linkage (1 -> 3),(1 -> 4)-beta-D-glucan in all varieties, but increased its extractability. The six barley varieties were affected in much the same way by milling and extrusion, but clear differences could still be observed. For example, the arabinoxylan in variety SW 28708 was less affected and variety KVL 301 had much lower extractability (76% vs 91-98%) of mixed-linkage (1 -> 3),(1 -> 4)-beta-D-glucan after extrusion than the other varieties. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
- Heiwe, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Evidence-based practice : attitudes, knowledge and behaviour among allied health care professionals
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal for Quality in Health Care. - : Oxford University Press. - 1353-4505 .- 1464-3677. ; 23:2, s. 198-209
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore dieticians', occupational therapists' and physical therapists' attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and behaviour concerning evidence-based practice within a university hospital setting. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting. University hospital. Participants: All dieticians, occupational therapists and physical therapists employed at a Swedish university hospital (n = 306) of whom 227 (74%) responded. Main Outcome Measures: Attitudes towards, perceived benefits and limitations of evidence-based practice, use and understanding of clinical practice guidelines, availability of resources to access information and skills in using these resources. Results: Findings showed positive attitudes towards evidence-based practice and the use of evidence to support clinical decision-making. It was seen as necessary. Literature and research findings were perceived as useful in clinical practice. The majority indicated having the necessary skills to be able to interpret and understand the evidence, and that clinical practice guidelines were available and used. Evidence-based practice was not perceived as taking into account the patient preferences. Lack of time was perceived as the major barrier to evidence-based practice. Conclusions: The prerequisites for evidence-based practice were assessed as good, but ways to make evidence-based practice time efficient, easy to access and relevant to clinical practice need to be continuously supported at the management level, so that research evidence becomes linked to work-flow in a way that does not adversely affect productivity and the flow of patients. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press in association with the International Society for Quality in Health Care; all rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Jäderkvist Fegraeus, Kim, et al.
(författare)
-
The DMRT3 'Gait keeper' mutation affects performance of Nordic and Standardbred trotters
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Animal Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0021-8812 .- 1525-3163. ; 92:10, s. 4279-4286
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous study it was shown that a nonsense mutation in the DMRT3 gene alters the pattern of locomotion in horses and that this mutation has a strong positive impact on trotting performance of Standardbreds. One aim of this study was to test if racing performance and trotting technique in the Nordic (Coldblood) trotters are also influenced by the DMRT3 genotype. Another aim was to further investigate the effect of the mutation on performance in Standardbreds, by using a within-family analysis and genotype-phenotype correlations in a larger horse material than in the previous study. We genotyped 427 Nordic trotters and 621 Standardbreds for the DMRT3 nonsense mutation and a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with it. In Nordic trotters, we show that horses homozygous for the DMRT3 mutation (A) had significantly higher EBV for trotting performance traits than heterozygous (CA) or homozygous wild-type (CC) horses (P = 0.001). Furthermore, AA homozygotes had a higher proportion of victories and top 3 placings than horses heterozygous or homozygous wild-type, when analyzing performance data for the period 3 to 6 yr of age (P = 0.06 and P = 0.05, respectively). Another finding in the Nordic trotters was that the DMRT3 mutation influenced trotting technique (P = 2.1 x 10(-8)). Standardbred horses homozygous AA had significantly higher EBV for all traits than horses with at least 1 wild-type allele (CA and CC; P = 1.6 x 10(-16)). In a within-family analysis of Standardbreds, we found significant differences in several traits (e. g., earnings, P = 0.002; number of entered races, P = 0.004; and fraction of offspring that entered races, P = 0.002) among paternal half-sibs with genotype AA or CA sired by a CA stallion. For most traits, we found significant differences at young ages. For Nordic trotters, most of the results were significant at 3 yr of age but not for the older ages, and for the Standardbreds most of the results for the ages 3 to 5 were significant. For Nordic trotters, the proportion of victories and placings were the only traits that were significant for other ages than 3 yr.
|
|
| 9. |
- Lindahl, Jenny K, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-term study showed that vaccination protected paediatric renal transplant recipients from life-threatening varicella zoster virus.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 107:12, s. 2185-2192
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Renal transplant patients are particularly susceptible to highly contagious diseases due to their reduced immunity. We studied transplant recipients to gauge their varicella zoster virus (VZV) serology status over time and the outcome of any VZV infections.This retrospective study comprised 85 children who underwent renal transplants in Gothenburg, Sweden, from 1986 to 2014, at a mean age of eight (1-18) years. The children's medical records were reviewed and 47 had the VZV infection pre-transplant and 38 had been vaccinated pre-transplant. Clinical outcomes were available for 85 children and serology results for 72.At transplantation, the VZV seropositivity rate was 50% in the vaccination group and 94% in the infection group and the antibody titres were significantly lower in the vaccination group (p = 0.031). During the median follow-up period of five years post-transplant, 28% of the vaccinated children and 97% of the infection group remained seropositive and the varicella infection affected eight children: one in the infection group and seven in the vaccination group. The herpes zoster was observed in two children in the infection group.This study demonstrated that VZV vaccination protected from symptomatic infections to a lesser extent than natural infection, but provided effective protection from life-threatening disease.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
