| 1. |
- Gration, D., et al.
(author)
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Resident valuation of planned events: An event portfolio pilot study
- 2016
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In: Event Management. - 1525-9951. ; 20:4, s. 607-622
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Residents of the Sunshine Coast region in Queensland, Australia, were surveyed on the subject of planned events in their region with the main aim of determining how and why they value events. It was revealed that residents gained considerable use value from events that they attended as audience or otherwise participated in, expressed strong support for a range of events (with a preference for community festivals), and overall did not believe that problems or costs were serious. Residents also indicated strong nonuse values (being existence, option, and bequest values) for events in general. Our findings are positioned within the body of literature concerning impact assessment (specifically, resident perceptions and attitudes towards events), valuation (i.e., the worth of events), and policy and strategy concerning community events and event tourism. © 2016 Cognizant, LLC.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Tommy D., 1947, et al.
(author)
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Specialization versus diversification in the event portfolios of amateur athletes
- 2020
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 20:4, s. 376-397
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explores the personal event portfolios of amateur athletes, differentiating between those who pursue a specialized career within one sport and those who diversify within multiple sports. The impetus for this paper was the observation made in previously published research that many sport-event tourists participate in multiple sports. The twin objectives of the study are to better understand highly involved participants and to draw implications that could contribute to the events' and the country's competitiveness in sport event tourism. The study also addresses the question of whether or not these portfolio choices emerge as involvement increases - in other words, do highly involved amateur athletes tend to specialize in one sport, as suggest by recreation specialization theory? A total of 6691 participants were surveyed online in five events (cross-country run, Nordic ski, half-marathon run, open-water swim, and road cycling), out of which 2329 were identified as pursuing a portfolio strategy. The major contributions of this paper include identification of a large number of significant differences between "specialized" and "diversified" portfolios. Planning and marketing implications that can potentially enhance the attractiveness of individual and collectively marketed events are also discussed.
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| 3. |
- Busagara, T., et al.
(author)
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Customer information sharing and new service development: is there a link?
- 2020
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In: Bottom Line. - : Emerald. - 0888-045X.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish the link between customer information sharing and new service development. Design/methodology/approach Through a survey of tourism firms, 295 questionnaires were collected in three large tourism locations in Tanzania. Thereafter, the hypotheses were tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) after undertaking both factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings Results indicate that there is a positive association/link between customer information sharing and new service development. The link here expresses the association that exists as customers share information and the extent of use of this information for the firm benefit in facilitating new service development. Specifically, customers post service information and customer interaction behaviors positively support new service development; however, customers' pre-service information revealed no link. Originality/value These results evidence that customer post service information and customer interaction behaviors form the groundwork for development new services in tourism. Hence, the study strengthens the value co-creation and innovation views in the service arena by extending knowledge in the use of both the service and the customer environment for service improvement.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Tommy D., 1947, et al.
(author)
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Balancing value and risk within a city's event portfolio: an explorative study of DMO professionals' assessments
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Event and Festival Management. - : Emerald. - 1758-2954. ; 11:4, s. 413-432
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose - This study aims to advance both theory and praxis for event portfolio management in cities and destinations. An experiment has been conducted with professional event practitioners in a city to determine their opinions and strategies for balancing value and risk within their event portfolio. The first objective is to rank 14 of the city's recurring events in terms of both value and risk. Second, the events are plotted in a two-dimensional chart of value versus risk with the objective to differentiate between the 14 events. The third objective is to describe the event characteristics that event professionals associate with value and risk. Design/methodology/approach - Results derive from an experiment involving the forced Q-sort procedure and professional event managers from a city renowned as an "event capital". Empirical evidence is analysed by the constant comparative method of how events are being evaluated by ten professionals working for a DMO. Findings - Economic impact and image effects are characteristics of high-value events as is an opportunity to create relations with event owners for future collaboration. Local community involvement is important for all events. The issue of portfolio fit was a common argument for weak-value events. Research limitations/implications - Results are based on the opinions of ten DMO employees in one large city. Conclusions help build event portfolio theory. Practical implications - The results and methods are useful for event strategists and evaluators. In particular, the management of event portfolios and policies covering events in cities and destinations can benefit from the documented method for explicitly balancing risks with perceived value. Social implications - A portfolio perspective is also suggested as an approach to analyse the total tourist attractions portfolio of a destination. Originality/value - Opinions regarding public value and risk by civil servants who work with events have not been studied before. The constant comparative method produces results that can be applied to policies governing events. In terms of theory development, concepts from financial portfolio management, product portfolio management and risk management are used to develop event portfolio design and management, and insights are gained on trade-offs in the process. The plot of the events in a two-dimensional chart of value versus risk clearly differentiated the 14 events and is an original contribution.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Tommy D., 1947, et al.
(author)
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Iceland and the resumption of whaling: An empirical study of the attitudes of international tourists and whale-watch tour operators
- 2012
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In: Whale-Watching: Sustainable Tourism and Ecological Management. - Cambridge : Cambridge university press. - 9781139018166 ; , s. 95-109
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter investigates how the resumption of Icelandic whaling has impacted the whale-watching tourism industry in Iceland viewed both from a demand side and a supply side. The impact on international tourists and domestic whale-watching tour operators’ attitudes were subjects of a case study from Iceland in 2007. After an introduction to Icelandic whale-watching and the Icelandic whaling situation, the results of this case study are presented. In the concluding section the development of whale-watching tourism in Iceland from 1995 to 2009 is viewed and analysed through these two perspectives. Whaling versus the whale-watching tourism industry For a number of reasons, the coexistence of whaling and whale-watching has been described as incompatible (Hoyt & Hvenegaard, 2002). Removal of whales and disturbances or changes to their regular activities are direct effects of whaling. Whaling will thus reduce the number of existing whales for whale-watching at the same time as it can cause avoidance responses to boats in several ways, such as increases in dive intervals (Baker et al., 1988; MacGibbon, 1991; Janik & Thompson, 1996) and changes in movement and direction (Edds & MacFarlane, 1987; Salvado et al., 1992; Bejder et al., 1999; Nowacek et al., 2001) which are caused by the presence and navigation of vessels on the water in proximity to animals (Constantine, 2001). Other potential implications of the coexistence are negative attitudes towards the destination image by whale-watchers as well as other tourists. There are, however, some proponents of the Icelandic resumption of commercial whaling who say that it is possible for commercial whaling and whale-watching to coexist and that money can be gained from both whaling and whale-watching (e.g. Moyle & Evans, 2001 cited in Parsons & Rawles, 2003). In Iceland and Norway, the whale-watching industry exists side by side with the whaling industry. © Cambridge University Press 2014.
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| 6. |
- Getz, D., et al.
(author)
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Testing the event travel career trajectory in multiple participation sports
- 2020
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In: Journal of Sport and Tourism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1477-5085 .- 1029-5399. ; 24:3, s. 155-176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper employs data from a large-scale survey of respondents from five mass-participation sport events in Sweden to test and develop the ‘event travel career trajectory’. The six inter-related hypotheses of the theoretical construct are examined, dealing with the evolution of participants’ motivations, event and destination choice criteria, and travel patterns and styles as their sport ‘involvement’ increases. Involvement has been measured by reference to both attitudes and event-travel activity. Analysis of data from over 6000 respondents reveals that these sport-event tourists progress along the career trajectory as they become significantly more involved. The most highly involved have significantly different preferences, preferring the accompaniment of a club or team; they spend a significantly larger amount of money on equipment, and self-improvement is a significantly stronger motivation. The most highly involved are more selective or demanding when it comes to choosing events, including more novelty seeking, wanting a party atmosphere, and favouring events with a higher reputation and prestige factor. They want a scenic/fast track or course and they have significantly different criteria for destination preferences, including a higher need for accessibility, quality services, strong reputation in sports, competence of event organizers, pleasant weather and attractive scenery. International participants have, on average, come further along the trajectory than domestic participants. In the concluding section, a dynamic explanation to the event travel career trajectory is suggested. Implications for destinations and events are discussed and further research needs are identified. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 7. |
- Getz, Donald, 1949, et al.
(author)
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The value of festivals
- 2019
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In: The Routledge Handbook of Festivals/ Mair, Judith (university Of Queensland (redaktör/utgivare). - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9781138735811 - 9781315186320 ; , s. 22-30
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Armbrecht, John, et al.
(author)
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Experience quality, satisfaction, perceived value behavioral intentions in an event context
- 2017
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In: Session Proceedings. 26th Nordic Symposium of Tourism and Hospitality Research, October 4-6 2017, Falun, Sweden.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Quality is central to understand consumer behavior. In an event context Andersson, Armbrecht & Lundberg (2015) found that production quality and service quality determine satisfaction which determines the use value of event experiences and consumer expenditures at an event. Otto & Ritchie (1996) advocate a consumer perspective and propose that quality of a service and quality of an experience must be evaluated to understand the true nature of satisfaction. Researchers have engaged in developing scales for measuring these concepts during the last decade. Particularly the affective responses to experiences has been in focus to provide the experience and event industry with a deeper insight into aspects which might result in consumer immersion (Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, 2014), arousal (Bigné et al., 2005; Holbrook & Hirschman, 1982) and extraordinary experiences (Abrahams, 1986; Arnould & Price, 1993). Few studies have however combined measures of affective and functional aspects into larger measurement models to predict satisfaction, value, intentions and behavior. This study measures affective and hedonic aspects of event experiences and to what extent they explain consumer value. Results indicate that affective and functional aspects are important. An interesting difference is that affective aspects are more likely to influence consumer satisfaction while functional aspects predict intentional behavior such as the likeliness to recommend the event to friends and family. Session: Advances in Event Management Research
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| 10. |
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