| 1. |
- Anund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Placement and design of milled rumble strips on centre line and shoulder : A driving simulator study
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A driving simulator experiment was carried out in order to investigate the effects on fatigued drivers of rumble strips on narrow roads (<9 meters) onboth shoulder and centre lines. The driving simulator was an advanced moving base passenger car simulator (VTI´s third generation moving base driving simulator). Four different physical designs of milled rumble strips and two placements on shoulder were used in the experiment. Both driving behaviour (e.g. lateral position, speed, steering wheel angle) and physiological data (brain activity (EEG), eye activity (EOG) and muscle activity (EMG)) were recorded. The drivers were also asked to rate their level of sleepiness every 5 minutes during the drive. They were trained to use the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS). Data from 40 regular shift workers driving during morning hours after a full night shift were used in the analysis. The shift workers were equally distributed by gender and recruited by advertisement in the newspaper. They were paid 150 Euro for participating. The experiment was approved by an ethical committee. The experiment was carried out in two parts: the first part aimed to investigate primary effects of rumble strips, i.e. preventing an accident; the second part aimed to obtain the drivers' conscious preferences in terms of placement and design. It was concluded that despite rumble strip design and placement, rumble strips had clear alerting effects and consistently induced correct averting action. Based on the drivers' preference and the results, there seems to be no risk associated with using more aggressive rumble strips such as Swedish or Pennsylvania. Regarding the placement, there seem to be no differences and it is important to obtain the opinions of truck and bus drivers before it is possible to make a recommendation.
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| 2. |
- Kircher, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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Passering av buss i 30 km/h : utvärdering av säkerhetseffekter i samband med hastighetsgräns 30 km/h vid passering av buss - en simulatorstudie
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A simulator study was conducted to investigate the implementation of a new law which prescribes a speed limit of 30 km/h when passing buses equipped with a 30-sign and flashing lights. It was shown that the drivers follow the rule better when they pass a bus on their own side than when the bus was standing on the opposite side of the road. The slowest mean speeds were found when passing a bus on a road with a speed limit of 70 km/h. The highest speed reduction, however, was found when the posted speed limit was 90 km/h. A bus without signage did not induce the same speed reduction as a bus with signage, which means that the drivers were aware of the meaning of the signage. Driving behaviour showed that the flashing lights are of importance, because the drivers in the study started braking before the 30-sign was readable.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Thorslund, Birgitta, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av ett fordonsbundet varningssystem : vibrationer i sätet vid risk för överträdande av kant- eller mittlinje
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One alternative to rumble strips is to simulate them in the car by vibrations in the driver's seat. Citroen has a lane departure warning system in the models C4 and C5 which has been evaluated from user experience. A focus group was carried out with four users from Ostergötland. From the discussion a questionnaire with accompanying diary was constructed and sent out to Citroen owners in Sweden having a lane departure warning system. A large part of the users have not received any information about the system at the time of buying the car. The majority of the users are satisfied with the lane departure warning system but almost all declare not to use it at all in winter which indicates that it should be improved to be used all the year round.The results point towards that the system has a good price level, but many still think that it should be a part of the standard equipment meaning that safety should not be optional. Noise and vibrations are considerably lower in C4 and C5 compared to milled rumble strips. Many drivers are disturbed by false alarms. Therefore more apparent warnings demand a reduction of false alarms. The most important result is that more information and guidelines should be given to the users. Function and shaping of the lane departure warning system should also be improved. Citroen has satisfied customers willing to pay for well functioning support systems.
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