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- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Mood Disorders
- 2013
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Ingår i: Handbook of Neurotoxicity. - : Springer. - 9781461458357 ; , s. 2181-2205
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurotoxic vulnerability that putatively contributes to the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders encompasses perinatal adversity, genetic linkage, epigenetic disadvantage, and neurodegenerative propensities that affect both symptom domains, positive, negative, and cognitive and biomarkers of the disorder. Molecular and cellular apoptosis/excitotoxicity that culminates in regional brain loss, reductions reelin expression, trophic disruption, perinatal adversity, glycogen kinase-3 dysregulation, and various instances of oxidative stress all influence the final end point. The existence of prodromal psychotic phases, structural-functional aspects of regional neuroimaging, dopamine signal overexpression, and psychosis propensity provide substance for neurodegenerative influences. The pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders encompasses the destruction of normal functioning of the neurotrophins, in particular brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), dyskinesia of necessary ,ovements, and metabolic-metabolomic and proteomic markers. Neurotoxic accidents combined with genetic susceptibility appear to play a role in interfering with normal neurodevelopment or in tissue-destructive neurodegeneration or both, thereby elevating the eventual risk for disorder tendencies and eventual expression
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| 3. |
- Helldin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Experience of quality of life and attitude to care and treatment in patients with schizophrenia : Role of cross-sectional remission
- 2008
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Ingår i: International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice (Print). - : Informa UK Limited. - 1365-1501 .- 1471-1788. ; 12:2, s. 97-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The concept of cross-sectional remission was investigated in a sample of patients with schizophrenia. A total of 243 patients were tested for quality of life, burden and handicap, insight and satisfaction with the care provided in an epidemiological study. The question addressed was if remission is of importance for outcome. Methods Cross-sectional remission was defined by applying the symptom criteria of remission, where none of eight selected PANSS items should exceed 3 points. Out of 243 patients, 38% were in met cross-sectional remission. Quality of life was assessed with the MOS SF-36 and the Rosser Index. The Patients' understanding of their illness was assessed based on symptoms and disorder insight. Finally, attitudes to care and, health service were assessed by the UKU/Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Drug Attitude Inventory. Results Patients who were in cross-sectional remission reported higher quality of life and reduced burden related to the disorder, a greater level of insight into their symptoms and the illness, and a more positive attitude to treatment, including drugs. Conclusion This study implies that remission, here expressed in terms of cross-sectional remission, is of importance for patients' well-being. Patients who had no interference from symptoms in their daily functioning found their life better, had a superior insight and were more positive to treatment.
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| 5. |
- Karilampi, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Cognition and global assessment of functioning in male and female outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Journal of nervous and mental disease. - 1539-736X. ; 199:7, s. 445-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between the symptom and function subscales of the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and neurocognitive test performance was studied in 195 outpatients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or delusional disorder who were assigned to functional groups based on their sex. A composite cognition score was created based on z-scores. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to assess the predictive value of GAF Symptom and GAF Function on composite cognition and to check for the effect of the individual cognitive tests against the GAF subscales. Better composite cognition scores were predicted by higher function levels in male patients and by lower symptom levels in female patients. There was also a sex-specific difference in neurocognitive components, indicating that executive functioning may have a greater impact on the symptom and function profiles of male schizophrenia spectrum patients than on that of female patients. The results suggest that endophenotypes in schizophrenia may be sex-specific.
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| 6. |
- Karilampi, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Verbal learning in schizopsychotic outpatients and healthy volunteers as a function of cognitive performance levels
- 2007
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Ingår i: Archives of clinical neuropsychology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0887-6177 .- 1873-5843. ; 22:2, s. 161-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE The aim was to analyze and compare neurocognitive test profiles related to different levels of verbal learning performance among schizopsychotic patients and healthy volunteers. METHOD A single-center patient cohort of 196 participants was compared with an equal-sized volunteer group to form three cognitive subgroups based on the shared verbal learning performance. RESULTS 43.9% of the patients had normal learning ability. Despite this, all patients underperformed the volunteers on all subtests with the exception of working memory, and, for those with high learning ability, even verbal facility. All patients also presented equally poor visuomotor processing speed/efficacy. CONCLUSION A global neurocognitive retardation of speed-related processing in schizophrenia is suggested.
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