| 1. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Questions of Self-regulation and Affect: Affectivity, Locomotion, Assessment, and Psychological Well-Being
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biquarterly Iranian Journal of Health Psychology. - 2588-4204. ; 1:1, s. 37-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The affectivity system is a complex dynamic system, thus, it needs to be seen as a whole-system unit that is best studied by analyzing four profiles: self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect), low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect), high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect), and self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect). Our purpose was to examine individual differences in psychological well-being and self-regulatory strategies (assessment/locomotion). Additionally, we investigated if the effect of psychological well-being on self-regulatory strategies was moderated by the individual’s type of profile. Method: Participants (N = 567) answered the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-being, and the Regulatory Mode Questionnaire. We conducted a Multivariate Analysis of Variance using age as covariate and Structural Equation Modeling in a multi-group for moderation analysis. Result: Individuals with a self-fulfilling profile scored highest in all psychological well-being constructs and locomotion and lowest in assessment. Nevertheless, matched comparisons showed that increases in certain psychological resources might lead to profile changes. Moreover, while some psychological well-being constructs (e.g., self-acceptance) had an effect of self-regulatory mode independently of the individual’s profile, other constructs’ (e.g., personal growth) effect on self-regulation was moderated by the person’s unique type of profile. Conclusions: Although only theoretical, these results give an idea of how leaps/changes might be extreme (i.e., from one profile at the extreme of the model to the other extreme), while other might be serial (i.e., from one profile to another depending on matching affective dimensions).
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| 2. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Thinking Outside the Box About Indicators of Well-Being: Agency, Communion, and Positivity
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Happiness and Development. - 2049-2790. ; 2:2, s. 182-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flourishing encompasses both feeling good and doing good and is suggested to be a function of high positivity. The present study investigated the relationship between agentic (e.g., being autonomous, responsible, and having self-control) and communal (e.g., showing empathy, helping behavior, and social tolerance) traits to positivity. Positivity was measured as either a two-dimensional construct comprising positive and negative affect, as positivity ratios (i.e., positive affect/negative affect), and as affect balance (i.e., positive affect-negative affect). The results suggest that agency and communion predict high levels of positivity and that positivity as a two-dimensional construct might be a more straightforward and theoretically sound way of measuring positivity. Agency, communion, and positivity, however, show evidence of being separate indicators of well-being. Further empirical work should answer the question whether agency and communion (i.e., doing good) and positivity (i.e., feeling good) could be used as an index of a nation success.
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| 3. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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To schedule or not to schedule? Agentic and cooperative teams at call centers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 5:Article 999
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this opinion article, we propose the concept of self-managing teams (Hackman, 1987, 1990) as an alternative work design for call centers. As is common for work teams, the structure and pur- pose of a self-managing team is decided by others (e.g., customers, leaders), however, self-managing teams have the authority and accountability for not only executing the task but also monitoring and manag- ing work processes—initiating changes in pace or procedure as needed. It is our opinion that such work design leads to the internalization and/or exploita- tion of agentic and communal values that positively influence workers’ well- being and performance, thus, empowering the individual and the organization. Empowerment implies the capacity for self-awareness and knowledge together with the power and strength to take responsibility (Garcia et al., in review); these attributes are associated with the ability to make the right decisions regard- ing different aspects of one’s and others’ well-being (Garcia et al., in review). Well- being in this context refers to feeling good (i.e., happiness), doing good (i.e., mature and actively virtuous living), physical health (i.e., absence of disease or infir- mity), and prosperity (i.e., success, good fortune, and flourishing), see Cloninger (2004, 2013).
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| 4. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Who is Sleeping Beauty? Quality of sleep and adolescents’ Sleep-Psychophysiological-Emotional-Personality Profile
- 2018
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Ingår i: Biquarterly Iranian Journal of Health Psychology. - 2588-4204. ; 2:1, s. 9-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We investigated gender differences among adolescents in quality of sleep, psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, emotional states, and personality traits and also if the effect of quality of sleep on psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, emotional states, and personality traits was moderated by gender. Method: High school pupils (n1 = 155, n2 = 142, and n3 = 325) responded to the Uppsala Sleep Inventory, the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule, Beck’s Depression Inventory, the Type A-Personality Scale, and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Gender differences were investigated using Multivariate Analyses of Variance and moderation using multi-group Structural Equation Modeling. Results: Girls scored higher in major sleep problems, difficulties falling asleep, night awakenings, psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, negative affect, depression, stress, and Type A-personality. Boys scored higher in novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and persistence. Girls’ quality of sleep was related to their psychophysiological problems, dream frequency, positive affect, negative affect, stress, novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, and self-directedness. Boys’ quality of sleep was related to their psychophysiological problems, negative affect, stress, Type A-personality, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and self-directedness. Conclusion: Girls showed the unhealthiest sleep-psychophysiological-emotional-personality profile. For both genders, good quality of sleep or “beauty sleep” might result in less psychophysiological problems, less negative affect, less stress, less novelty seeking, and less self-directedness. However, for boys, “sleeping beauty” comprises less Type A-behaviour, less harm avoidance, and more reward dependence; while for girls “sleeping beauty” comprises less frequency of vivid dreams, more positive affect, less reward dependence, and more persistent behaviour.
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| 5. |
- Jimmefors, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Self-regulation Dimensions and Psychological Well-Being as a Function of Affective Profiles
- 2015
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Ingår i: 27th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. New York, New York, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We studied differences in self-regulatory mode between individuals and its relation to psychological well-being. The backdrop of the study was the affective profiles model. The influence of psychological well-being on self- regulatory dimensions was moderated by the individual’s affective profile.
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| 6. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Affective Profiles’ Motivation to Exercise, Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise, and Propensity to Exercise During a Six-Month Period
- 2015
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Ingår i: 4th World Congress on Positive Psychology. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Conceptualizing affect as a two system model leads to four profiles: self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect); high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect); low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect); and self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect). Using this model as the framework, we investigated 158 individuals’ training frequency for six months back in time (electronically measured) and its relation to motivation (Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire 2) and basic psychological needs (Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale). Training frequency was not significantly different between profiles. The self-destructive profile’s training motivation was regulated by cohesions from the environment (e.g., “I train because other people say I should”) and both guiltiness (e.g., “I feel guilty when I don’t exercise”) and ability to manage the training program (i.e., competence) predicted their exercise frequency during the six months. The self-fulfilling profile scored higher in all basic psychological needs: autonomy (i.e., feeling training was their own choice), competence (i.e., being able to manage the training program), and relatedness (i.e., feeling comfortable with other people at the gym). Nevertheless, feeling social relatedness at the gym was associated to less frequent exercise for individuals with a high affective profile.
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| 7. |
- Lindskär, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Agency (Self-directedness), Communion (Cooperativeness), and the Positivity Ratio (Empowerment)
- 2014
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Ingår i: 26th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. San Francisco, California, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: On basis of the Broaden-and-Build Theory (Fredrickson, 1998), which posits that the function of positive emotions is to build an individual’s resources for survival and well-being, Barbara Fredrickson developed the notion of a positivity ratio (Fredrickson & Losada, 2005). “Flourishing”, which according to Fredrickson goes beyond being happy in that it encompasses both feeling good and doing good, is suggested to be a function of high positivity ratios—a higher rate of positive emotions in comparison to negative emotions (see also Cloninger 2014, 2013). The mathematical basis of a potential flourishing-nonflourishing positivity ratio tipping point has recently been criticized (Brown, Sokal & Friedman, 2013). Nevertheless, Fredrickson has argued that even when the mathematics behind a “magical” precise ratio seem unfounded, higher positivity ratios are predictive of flourishing mental health and other beneficial outcomes (Fredrickson, 2013). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between positivity ratios and agency (e.g., being autonomous, responsible, and having self-control) and communion (e.g., showing empathy, helping behavior, and social tolerance). Method: A total of 439 adolescents (age mean = 17.03, sd = 2.77) participated in the study. Agency and communion were operationalized using the Temperament and Character Inventory (i.e., the character scales Self-directedness and Cooperativeness; Cloninger, Svrakic & Przybeck, 1993) and affect was assessed through the Positive Affect, Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). The Self-directedness and Cooperativeness scores were summarized to form a well-being measure (a composite of agency and communion) and then standardized by transforming the raw scores into T-scores, which implies that the mean of the population is 50 and a difference of 10 from the mean indicates a difference of one standard deviation. With regard to the Self-directedness+Cooperativeness composite, 2 standard deviations below the mean (T-score = 30) are suggested as a measure of immaturity (Cloninger, 2004). The positivity ratio was simply calculated by dividing the positive affect score by the negative affect score. Results: Regression analysis showed that the Self-directedness+Cooperativeness composite predicted high scores of positive affect (b = .25, t(428) = 5.34, p <.001), low scores of negative affect (b = -.25, t(428) = -5.35, p <.001), and high positivity ratios (b = .31, t(428) = 6.65, p <.001). Conclusions: We suggest that agency (Self-directedness) and communion (Cooperativeness) present meta-cognitive principles that we, humans, utilize to guide our behavior towards the self and others, to make exceptional alternatives as indicators of well-being and what actually makes life worthwhile and, in addition to flourishing, to the empowerment of the individual with endowment of high positivity ratios.
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| 8. |
- Mousavi, Fariba, et al.
(författare)
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The Dark Side (Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy) of The Affective Profiles
- 2015
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Ingår i: 27th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. New York, New York, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We studied differences in Dark Triad traits among affective profiles. The high positive affect/high negative affect profile scored higher in Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy. Also those with a low positive affect/ high negative affect profile scored higher in Dark Triad traits.
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