| 1. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Association between biomarkers of exposure to persistent organochlorine compounds (POCs).
- 2006
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1298 .- 0045-6535. ; 64:4, s. 692-694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum concentrations of CB-153 and pp'-DDE were assessed for 354 men and women from the Swedish Fishermen's Families Cohort, and were found to correlate very well (Pearson's r = 0.72). In this particular cohort the main source of exposure to persistent organochlorine compounds are consumption of contaminated fatty fish. High correlations between total PCB/CB-153 and p,p'-DDE have also been found in other population with similar exposure, but not in populations whose major source of exposure to persistent organochlorine compounds is not necessarily through the consumption of contaminated sea food. The authors suggest that when investigating a possible relation between exposure to persistent organochlorine compounds and different health outcomes in populations with exposure similar to the Swedish Fishermen's Families Cohort, there may be no need to analyze more than either CB-153 or p,p'-DDE. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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CYP1A1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms affect urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels after PAH exposure
- 2000
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Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press. - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 21:4, s. 669-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Certain human biotransformation enzymes have been implicated in the formation and scavenging of the ultimate reactive metabolites, the diolepoxides, from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the present study, performed on aluminum smelter workers, we have analyzed airborne PAH, the pyrene metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in urine, and genotypes for biotransformation enzymes involved in PAH metabolism. The aim was to evaluate the correlation between external exposure and biomarkers of exposure and to investigate to what extent genetic polymorphism in metabolic enzymes can explain interindividual variation in urinary 1-OHP levels. DNA was prepared from blood samples from 98 potroom workers and 55 controls and altogether eight polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, mEH, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 genes were analyzed. The 1-OHP excretion was found to correlate significantly (P 100-fold) and univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to find the variables that could determine differences in excretion. The variation could, to some degree, be explained by differences in exposure to airborne particulate-associated PAHs, the use of personal respiratory protection devices, smoking habits and genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 enzymes. The part of the variance that could be explained by differences in biotransformation genotypes seemed to be of the same order of magnitude as the variance explained by differences in exposure. In the control group as well as in the occupationally exposed group, the highest 1-OHP levels were observed in individuals carrying the CYP1A1 Ile/Val genotype who were also of the GSTM1 null genotype. The results show that urinary 1-OHP is a sensitive indicator of recent human exposure to PAHs and that it may also to some extent reflect the interindividual variation in susceptibility to PAHs.
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| 3. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Estimations of past male and female serum concentrations of biomarkers of persistent organochlorine pollutants and their impact on fecundability estimates.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0953 .- 0013-9351. ; 101:3, s. 387-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) have been suggested to have negative effects on a number of hormonal systems. Several studies performed retrospectively have reported a possible association between POP exposure and fertility, measured as time to pregnancy (TTP). However, these studies lack biomarkers of exposure at the time when the women tried to conceive. It has previously been found that past female serum concentrations of 2,2,4,4',5.5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153) can be estimated using a complex decay model, assuming that the biological half-life is 5 years, the yearly environmental reduction of the compound has been 3% since 1976, and the reduction of body burden due to lactation is 20% for periods up to 6 months and 30% for periods exceeding 6 months. In the present study, it is established that the model is valid also for estimations of past male serum concentrations of CB-153. Furthermore, the complex decay model was found to be useful also for estimating past serum concentrations of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE), assuming that the biological half-life of the compound is 8 years, the yearly reduction between 1971 and 1981 was 20% and after that 9%, and the reduction of body burden due to lactation is the same as that for CB-153. However, even though the estimated past serum concentrations of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE were found to be better proxy measures of actual past concentrations than current serum concentrations, there was little change in the rank order of the population investigated. Thus, the effect estimate for TTP was similar for both proxy measures when using categorized measures of exposure. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Incidents resulting in health care among older people with intellectual disability in comparison with the general population : A national register study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-8250 .- 1469-9532. ; 45:2, s. 139-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Older people with intellectual disability (ID) are at high risk of incidents leading to hospital visits. Method: Through national registers, 7936 people with ID, aged 55+ years in 2012, and a same-aged referent cohort from the general population were identified. Information on diagnoses made in inpatient and outpatient specialist health care during 2002–2012 was collected. Results: Compared to their age-peers in the general population, people with ID were 41% more likely to seek care for effects of foreign body entering through natural orifice, and 92% more for poisoning by drugs, medicaments and biological substances. Conclusions: There is a need to develop and evaluate evidence-based interventions to prevent unnecessary suffering and early death related to poisoning or respiratory diseases among older people with ID. To do this, implementation of risk assessments and increased knowledge of the consequences of poisoning and incidents of foreign bodies entering the respiratory organs are necessary.
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| 5. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Reproductive toxicity of seafood contaminants: Prospective comparisons of Swedish east and west coast fishermen's families
- 2008
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Ingår i: Environmental Health. - 1476-069X. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cohorts comprising fishermen's families on the east coast of Sweden have been found to have a high consumption of contaminated fish as well as high body burdens of persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs). Their west coast correspondents are socio-economically similar, but with considerably lower POP exposure since the fish caught on the west coast is far less contaminated. The rationale for this was that the cohorts residing on the east coast of Sweden have been found to have a high consumption of contaminated fish as well as high body burdens of POPs, whereas their west coast correspondents are socio-economically similar, but with considerably lower POP exposure since the fish caught on the west coast is far less contaminated. Among the reproductive outcomes investigated are included both male and female parameters, as well as couple fertility and effects on the fetus. A range of exposure measures, including both questionnaire assessments of fish consumption and biomarkers, have been used. The most consistent findings of the studies are those related to the fetus, where a decreased birth weight was found across all measures of exposure, which is in agreement with studies from other populations. Some markers for male reproduction function, i.e. sperm motility, sperm chromatin integrity, and Y:X chromosome ratio, were associated with POP exposure, whereas others, such as sperm concentration and semen volume, were not. With respect to couple fertility and female reproductive parameters, no support was given for associations with POP exposure. Although some associations may have been affected by beneficial effects of essential nutrients in seafood, the overall findings are meaningful in the context of reproductive toxicity and support the usefulness of the epidemiological design.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Engström, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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High in Utero Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances from Drinking Water and Birth Weight: A Cohort Study among Infants in Ronneby, Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 19:4, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2013, the drinking water for one-third of the households in Ronneby, Sweden, was found to be contaminated by perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS, >10,000 ng/L) from Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF). In utero PFAS exposure can influence birth weight, but little is known about the effects at very high levels. This study aimed to examine the association between in utero PFAS exposure and birth weight. Infants with mothers from Ronneby exposed to contaminated water at home (high exposure) and infants with mothers from Ronneby not exposed to contaminated water at home (low exposure) were compared to infants with mothers from Blekinge county excluding Ronneby (referents). All infants born in Blekinge county 1995–2013 were included (n = 30,360). Differences in birth weight were only seen among infants born after 2005. For boys, Ronneby high exposure had a lower mean birth weight than referents (−54 g, 95% CI −97; −11). For girls, Ronneby high exposure had a higher mean birth weight than referents (47 g, 95% CI 4; 90). There were no differences in birth weight between referents and Ronneby low exposure. In conclusion, high exposure to PFAS may influence birth weight in a sex-specific way, although the effect estimates were relatively small.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jönsson, Bo AG, et al.
(författare)
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Tidstrender för och halter av persistenta fluorerade, klorerade och bromerade organiska miljögifter i serum samt ftalater i urin hos unga svenska män – Resultat från den tredje uppföljningsundersökningen år 2009-2010.
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund:Studier av tidstrender för miljögifter är viktiga för riskvärdering och åtgärder för att minska exponeringen. Studiens huvudsyfte har varit att fortsatt undersöka halter och tidstrender för klorerade, bromerade och fluorerade POPar i serum och ftalatmetaboliter i urin hos mönstrande unga män. För detta har vi valt att använda oss av mönstringsundersökningen, som de flesta svenska män hittills har genomgått vid omkring 18 års ålder.Metoder:Mönstrande från fyra olika år har studerats. År 2000 samlades serumprover från 274 mönstrande och urinprover från 234, år 2004 samlades serum- och urinprover från 200 mönstrande, år 2006 serumprover från 200 mönstrande och till sist åren 2009-2010 serumprover från 100 mönstande och urinprover från 50. Serumproverna analyserades med gaskromatografi-masspektrometri (CG-MS) med avseende på 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexaklorobifenyl (CB-153), p,p’-diklordifenyldikloreten (p,p´-DDE) samt bromerade difenyletrar (BDE). Urinproverna analyserades med vätskekromatografi-tandem MS med avseende på monoetylftalat (MEP), monobutylftalat (MBP), monobutylbenzylftalat (MBzP) och monoetylhexylftalat (MEHP). I urinproverna från 2009-2010 analyserades dessutom oxiderade ftalatmetaboliter till dietylhexylftalat: 5-hydroxy-MEHP, 5-oxo-MEHP och 5- karboxy-monoetylpentylftalat (5-cx-MEPP) samt diisononylftalat: 7-hydroxy-MiNP, 7-oxo- MiNP och 7-karboxy-monometylheptylftalat (7cx-MMeHP). Trender analyserades med Jonckheere-Terpstra testet.Resultat:Medianhalten i serum för CB-153 för åren 2000, 2004, 2006 och 2009/2010 var 65, 19, 34 och 22 ng/g fett. Medianhalten för p,p´-DDE för åren 2000, 2004, 2006 och 2009/2010 var 88, mindre än detektionsgränsen (De kreatininjusterade medianurinhalterna för åren 2000, 2004 och 2009-2010 var för MEP 83, 24 respektive 12 nmol/mmol, för MBP 24, 20 respektive 5 nmol/mmol samt för MBzP 4, 4 respektive 1 nmol/mmol. För MEHP var värdena Medianhalterna för BDE-47 var 1,32 (2006), respektive 0,63 ng/g blodfett (2009/2010), för BDE-99 0,38 ng/g blodfett respektive Även halter av perfluorerade ämnen bestämdes i proverna från år 2009/2010.Konklusion:Det har skett en påtaglig minskning av serumhalterna av CB-153 och p,p’-DDE hos unga män mellan 2000 och 2010 och beror säkerligen på att dessa ämnen inte längre används i Sverige sedan lång tid tillbaka. De minskade koncentrationerna av ftalatmetaboliter i urin avspeglar troligen en lägre exponeringsnivå till följd av en minskad användning av ftalater i olika produkter ute i samhället. Det finns dock andra ftalater där exponeringen i stället ökar enligt litteraturen. Halterna av de bromerade föreningarna minskade i de flesta fall vilket även detta beror på en minskad eller avslutad användning.
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