| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Sand, U., et al.
(författare)
-
Control of Gas Bubbles and Slag Layer in a Ladle Furnace by Electromagnetic Stirring
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Iron & Steel Technology. - 1547-0423. ; 6:7, s. 49-59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study was conducted to present the numerical model and simulation results of electromagnetic and gas stirring (EMGAS) and compare with that of a water model. The new features of EMGAS regarding the gas plume, stirring energy, velocity, and mixing time were introduced. Fluent© was employed to develop the numerical modeling of the system and model the melt, slag, and gaseous atmosphere in the ladle top was conducted using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) approach. The turbulence of the flow system was modeled using the Reynolds stresses model that accounted for six equations, including one for each Reynolds stress component and the turbulent dissipation equation. The water model investigations were based on visualization using an advanced video camera. The model cases were designed to be analogous with the corresponding simulated cases. The visualization investigations focused mainly on the flow pattern and the gas plume structure.
|
|
| 3. |
- Sand, U., et al.
(författare)
-
Numerical and Experimental Study on Fluid Dynamic Features of Combined Gas and Electromagnetic Stirring in Ladle Furnace
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Steel Research Int.. ; 80:6, s. 441-449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Basic fluid dynamic features of combined electromagnetic stirring, EMS, and gas stirring (EMGAS) have been studied In the present work. A transient and turbulent multiphase numerical flow model was built. Simulations of a real size ladle furnace were conducted for 7 cases, operating with and without combined stirring and varying the argon gas inlet plug position. The results of these simulations are compared considering melt velocity, melt turbulence, melt/slag-interface turbulence and dispersion of gas bubbles. An experimental water model was also built to simulate the effects of combined stirring. The water model was numerically simulated and visual comparison of the gas plume shape and flow pattern in the numerical and in the experimental model was also done for 3 flow situations. The results show that EMGAS has a strong flexibility regarding the flow velocity, gas plume, stirring energy, mixing time, slag layer, etc.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
