| 1. |
- Aspholm-Hurtig, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Functional adaptation of BabA, the H. pylori ABO blood group antigen binding adhesin.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Science (New York, N.Y.). - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 305:5683, s. 519-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adherence by Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of gastric disease. Here, we report that more than 95% of strains that bind fucosylated blood group antigen bind A, B, and O antigens (generalists), whereas 60% of adherent South American Amerindian strains bind blood group O antigens best (specialists). This specialization coincides with the unique predominance of blood group O in these Amerindians. Strains differed about 1500-fold in binding affinities, and diversifying selection was evident in babA sequences. We propose that cycles of selection for increased and decreased bacterial adherence contribute to babA diversity and that these cycles have led to gradual replacement of generalist binding by specialist binding in blood group O-dominant human populations.
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| 2. |
- Browall, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical manifestations of invasive pneumococcal disease by vaccine and non-vaccine types
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 44:6, s. 1646-1657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) have shown protection against invasive pneumococcal disease by vaccine serotypes, but an increase in non-vaccine serotype disease has been observed. Type-specific effects on clinical manifestation need to be explored.Clinical data from 2096 adults and 192 children with invasive pneumococcal disease were correlated to pneumococcal molecular serotypes. Invasive disease potential for pneumococcal serotypes were calculated using 165 invasive and 550 carriage isolates from children.The invasive disease potential was lower for non-PCV13 compared to vaccine-type strains. Patients infected with non-PCV13 strains had more underlying diseases, were less likely to have pneumonia and, in adults, tended to have a higher mortality. Furthermore, patients infected with pneumococci belonging to clonal serotypes only expressing non-PCV13 capsules had a higher risk for septicaemia and mortality.PCV vaccination will probably lead to a decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease but an alteration in the clinical manifestation of invasive pneumococcal disease. Genetic lineages causing invasive pneumococcal disease in adults often express non-vaccine serotypes, which can expand after vaccination with an increased risk of infection in patients with underlying diseases.
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| 3. |
- Horne, A., et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy of Moderately Dosed Etoposide in Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - : The Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 48:10, s. 1596-1602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) constitutes 1 subtype of the hyperinflammatory syndrome hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and the term MAS-HLH was recently proposed for HLH with underlying autoimmune/autoinflammatory conditions. The mortality of MAS-HLH has been estimated at 5-10%. Here we report our experiences with moderately dosed etoposide in severe MAS-HLH; the objective was to effectively reduce severe hyperinflammatory activity with limited side effects. Methods. In addition to conventional antiinflammatory treatment, moderately dosed etoposide was administered to 7 children affected by rapidly progressing MAS-HLH with central nervous system (n = 5) and/ or pulmonary (n = 5) involvement. Three had underlying systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), 2 had atypical sJIA (no arthritis at diagnosis), and 2 had systemic lupus erythematosus. We performed lymphocyte cytotoxicity analyses in all 7 and genetic analyses in 6. Results. All children promptly responded to moderately dosed etoposide (50-100 mg/m(2Y) once weekly), added to conventional MAS-HLH treatment that was considered insufficient. The mean accumulated etoposide dose was 671 mg/m(2) (range 300-1050 mg/m(2)) as compared to 1500 mg/m(2) recommended in the first 8 weeks of the HLH-94/HLH-2004 protocols. One child developed neutropenic fever and another neutropenic sepsis (neutrophils 0.3 x 10(9)/L at therapy onset). Five of 7 children had low percentages (< 5%) of circulating natural killer (NK) cells prior to or in association with diagnosis; NK cell activity was pathologically low in 2 of 5 children studied. Disease-causing variants in HLH-associated genes were not found. All children were alive at latest follow-up (2-9 yrs after onset); neurological symptoms had normalized in 4 of 5 affected children. Conclusion. Moderately dosed etoposide may be beneficial in severe and/or refractory MAS-HLH.
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| 4. |
- Kahn, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Population-based study of multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 found that 36% of children had persistent symptoms
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 111:2, s. 354-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Our aim was to describe the outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. Methods: This national, population-based, longitudinal, multicentre study used Swedish data that were prospectively collected between 1 December 2020 and 31 May 2021. All patients met the World Health Organization criteria for MIS-C. The outcomes 2 and 8 weeks after diagnosis are presented, and follow-up protocols are suggested. Results: We identified 152 cases, and 133 (87%) participated. When followed up 2 weeks after MIS-C was diagnosed, 43% of the 119 patients had abnormal results, including complete blood cell counts, platelet counts, albumin levels, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms. After 8 weeks, 36% of 89 had an abnormal patient history, but clinical findings were uncommon. Echocardiogram results were abnormal in 5% of 67, and the most common complaint was fatigue. Older children and those who received intensive care were more likely to report symptoms and have abnormal cardiac results. Conclusion: More than a third (36%) of the patients had persistent symptoms 8 weeks after MIS-C, and 5% had abnormal echocardiograms. Older age and higher levels of initial care appeared to be risk factors. Structured follow-up visits are important after MIS-C.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Schejbel, L, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular basis of hereditary C1q deficiency-revisited: identification of several novel disease-causing mutations
- 2011
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Ingår i: GENES AND IMMUNITY. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1466-4879 .- 1476-5470. ; 12:8, s. 626-634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C1q is the central pattern-recognition molecule in the classical pathway of the complement system and is known to have a key role in the crossroads between adaptive and innate immunity. Hereditary C1q deficiency is a rare genetic condition strongly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. However, the clinical symptoms may vary. For long, the molecular basis of C1q deficiency was ascribed to only six different mutations. In the present report, we describe five new patients with C1q deficiency, present the 12 causative mutations described till now and review the clinical spectrum of symptoms found in patients with C1q deficiency. With the results presented here, confirmed C1q deficiency is reported in 64 patients from at least 38 families.
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