| 1. |
- Beck, S., et al.
(författare)
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The Open Innovation in Science research field: a collaborative conceptualisation approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 29:2, s. 136-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Openness and collaboration in scientific research are attracting increasing attention from scholars and practitioners alike. However, a common understanding of these phenomena is hindered by disciplinary boundaries and disconnected research streams. We link dispersed knowledge on Open Innovation, Open Science, and related concepts such as Responsible Research and Innovation by proposing a unifying Open Innovation in Science (OIS) Research Framework. This framework captures the antecedents, contingencies, and consequences of open and collaborative practices along the entire process of generating and disseminating scientific insights and translating them into innovation. Moreover, it elucidates individual-, team-, organisation-, field-, and society-level factors shaping OIS practices. To conceptualise the framework, we employed a collaborative approach involving 47 scholars from multiple disciplines, highlighting both tensions and commonalities between existing approaches. The OIS Research Framework thus serves as a basis for future research, informs policy discussions, and provides guidance to scientists and practitioners.
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| 2. |
- Beck, S., et al.
(författare)
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Experimenting with Open Innovation in Science (OIS) practices: A novel approach to co-developing research proposals
- 2021
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Ingår i: CERN IdeaSquare Journal of Experimental Innovation. - 2413-9505. ; 5:2, s. 28-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Co-producing scientific research with those who are affected by it is an emerging phenomenon in contemporary science. This article summarizes and reflects on both the process and outcome of a novel experiment to co-develop scientific research proposals in the field of Open Innovation in Science (OIS), wherein scholars engaged in the study of open and collaborative practices collaborated with the “users” of their research, i.e., scientists who apply such practices in their own research. The resulting co-developed research proposals focus on scientific collaboration, open data, and knowledge sharing and are available as an appendix to this article.
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| 3. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Endodontics and Periodontics
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. - : Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard. - 9781405160995
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Observations on healing following endodontic surgery in nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis): effects of rhBMP-2.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-395X .- 1079-2104. ; 101:1, s. 116-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The potential of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to enhance bone healing following endodontic surgery was tested. The pattern and timing of de novo bone formation and cementum regeneration, and the potential for root resorption and ankylosis to accompany bone formation were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: Pulpal infections were induced in maxillary and mandibular incisor teeth in young adult Cynomolgus monkeys. The teeth received conventional endodontic treatment immediately followed by surgical root resection. In a randomized split-mouth design, contralateral apical bone defects received rhBMP-2 in absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier or served as sham-surgery controls to provide histological and radiographic evaluations following 1 (mandibular incisors) and 4.5 (maxillary incisors) month(s) postsurgery. RESULTS: At 1 month postsurgery trabecular bone filled the apical bone defects. The newly formed bone appeared considerably more mature and had assumed characteristics of the contiguous resident bone at 4.5 months postsurgery. The resected root tips were almost completely covered by new cementum with a maturing functionally oriented periodontal ligament. Localized inflammatory infiltrates were associated with the filled root canals and extruded root-filling material. Root resorption and ankylosis were not observed. There were no apparent differences in healing patterns between sites implanted with rhBMP-2/ACS and those serving as sham-surgery controls. CONCLUSIONS: Under conditions where the influence of infectious elements and irritation caused by root filling material are minimized, bone formation and cementum regeneration appears rapid following endodontic surgery. rhBMP-2/ACS did not offer an obvious benefit above and beyond that of the native osteogenic potential in this animal model.
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| 5. |
- Bucciarelli, Saskia, et al.
(författare)
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Unusual dynamics of concentration fluctuations in solutions of weakly attractive globular proteins
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185 .- 1089-5639. ; 6:22, s. 4470-4474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The globular protein γB-crystallin exhibits a complex phase behavior, where liquid–liquid phase separation characterized by a critical volume fraction ϕc = 0.154 and a critical temperature Tc = 291.8 K coexists with dynamical arrest on all length scales at volume fractions around ϕ ≈ 0.3–0.35, and an arrest line that extends well into the unstable region below the spinodal. However, although the static properties such as the osmotic compressibility and the static correlation length are in quantitative agreement with predictions for binary liquid mixtures, this is not the case for the dynamics of concentration fluctuations described by the dynamic structure factor S(q,t). Using a combination of dynamic light scattering and neutron spin echo measurements, we demonstrate that the competition between critical slowing down and dynamical arrest results in a much more complex wave vector dependence of S(q,t) than previously anticipated.
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| 6. |
- Chávez de Paz, Luis, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Response to alkaline stress by root canal bacteria in biofilms. : Viability and mechanisms of response to alkaline stress by selected root canal bacteria.
- 2007
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Ingår i: International endodontic journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 40:5, s. 344-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To determine whether bacteria isolated from infected root canals survive alkaline shifts better in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. METHODOLOGY: Clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus paracasei, Olsenella uli, Streptococcus anginosus, S. gordonii, S. oralis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in biofilm and planktonic cultures were stressed at pH 10.5 for 4 h, and cell viability determined using the fluorescent staining LIVE/DEAD BacLight bacterial viability kit. In addition, proteins released into extracellular culture fluids were identified by Western blotting. RESULTS: Enterococcus faecalis, L. paracasei, O. uli and S. gordonii survived in high numbers in both planktonic cultures and in biofilms after alkaline challenge. S. anginosus, S. oralis and F. nucleatum showed increased viability in biofilms compared with planktonic cultures. Alkaline exposure caused all planktonic cultures to aggregate into clusters and resulted in a greater extrusion of cellular proteins compared with cells in biofilms. Increased levels of DnaK, HPr and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase were observed in culture fluids, especially amongst streptococci. CONCLUSIONS: In general, bacteria isolated from infected roots canals resisted alkaline stress better in biofilms than in planktonic cultures, however, planktonic cells appeared to use aggregation and the extracellular transport of specific proteins as survival mechanisms.
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| 7. |
- Chávez de Paz, Luis, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Streptococci from root canals in teeth with apical periodontitis receiving endodontic treatment.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-395X .- 1079-2104. ; 100:2, s. 232-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The object of this study was to investigate the diversity among streptococcal species isolated from root canals in conjunction with endodontic therapy and to characterize their production of extracellular proteins. STUDY DESIGN: Consecutive root canal samples (RCS) taken as bacteriological controls during root canal treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis were analyzed in a total of 100 clinical cases. Bacteria were isolated and classified by selective media and gas liquid chromatography. Streptococcal strains were identified by carbohydrate fermentation, hydrolysis of aesculin/arginine, and production of enzymes. Releases of extracellular proteins by streptococci and Enterococcus spp in fluid culture media were examined with SDS-PAGE and 2-dimension gel electrophoresis (2 DE). Extracellular proteins produced were quantified and qualitatively analyzed. Specific proteins were targeted with Western immunoblot assays. Comparisons were made with type strains. RESULTS: Of a total of 241 bacterial strains recovered in the first samples submitted, Streptococcus gordonii, S anginosus, and S oralis were the most frequently isolated streptococci. In 49 of 89 resubmitted samples showing bacterial growth, S gordonii and S oralis still predominated among streptococci. Other common bacterial isolates were Enterococcus spp, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Olsenella uli. Quantitative and qualitative differences in extracellular protein production were observed among clinical isolates and laboratory streptococcal strains. In similar conditions for growth, S intermedius, S anginosus, S oralis, and S gordonii were strong producers of extracellular proteins (>3.0 microg/mL), while Enterococcus spp and S mutans were weak. Whole cell protein extracts showed a different profile from that of extracellular proteins. The chaperone protein DnaK was recognized to be produced extracellularly by S gordonii, S oralis, S anginosus, and S parasanguis. CONCLUSIONS: Being strong producers of extracellular proteins and by virtue of common presence in teeth undergoing endodontic therapy, S gordonii, S anginosus, and S oralis may be of pathogenic significance in posttreatment apical periodontitis.
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| 8. |
- Robertson, Agneta, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of pulp necrosis subsequent to pulp canal obliteration from trauma of permanent incisors.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of endodontics. - 0099-2399. ; 22:10, s. 557-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little long-term data are available on the frequency by which pulp canal obliteration (PCO) subsequent to trauma leads to pulp necrosis (PN). In this study, 82 concussed, subluxated, extruded, laterally luxated, and intruded permanent incisors presenting with PCO were followed for a period of 7 to 22 yr (mean 16 yr). At final clinical examination, 51% of the observed teeth responded normally to electric pulp testing (EPT). An additional 40% of the teeth although not responding to EPT were clinically and radiographically within normal limits. Yellow discoloration was a frequent finding. During the observation period, periapical bone lesions suggesting PN developed in seven teeth (8.5%). Twenty-yr pulp survival rate was 84%, as determined from life-table calculations. There was no higher frequency of PN in obliterated teeth subjected to caries, new trauma, orthodontic treatment, or complete crown coverage than intact teeth. Although the incidence of PN in teeth displaying PCO seems to increase over the course of time, prophylactic endodontic intervention on a routine basis does not seem justified.
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| 9. |
- Simark-Mattsson, Charlotte, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of interferon-gamma mRNA-positive cells in oral lichen planus lesions.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology. - 0904-2512. ; 27:10, s. 483-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated the potential involvement of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). On biopsies from 10 OLP patients, an in situ hybridization technique was employed to determine the topographical distribution of cells expressing IFN-gamma mRNA. It was estimated that approximately 1% or fewer lesional cells were IFN-gamma mRNA-positive. These cells were mainly encountered lining the basal membrane in a majority of the patients, or were in a few cases circumscribing the infiltrate, but were more seldom localized to the center of the lesion. A slightly higher, but not statistically significant, number of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced IFN-gamma-producing cells, in vitro, was found in blood from 11 other OLP patients compared with blood from matched controls. Equal concentrations of IFN-gamma in supernatants from PHA-stimulated blood cells were detected in the two groups. Similarly, the IFN-gamma response towards C. albicans was alike in OLP and in healthy control (HC) blood cells, indicating normal immunological memory function in the OLP patients. A small set of cells with spontaneous IFN-gamma production was found in OLP and in HC peripheral blood. The data suggest that T-lymphocyte activation and cytokine production act locally and are not reflected in peripheral blood. The localization of the IFN-gamma mRNA-positive cells indicates that the antigenic peptides are presented at the periphery of the mononuclear cell infiltrate. Furthermore, the low frequency of IFN-gamma mRNA-positive cells in the lesions suggests that the disease is maintained by a small number of antigen-specific T cells.
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| 10. |
- Svensäter, G, et al.
(författare)
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Biofilms in endodontic infections
- 2004
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Ingår i: Endodontic Topics. - : Wiley. - 1601-1538 .- 1601-1546. ; 9:1, s. 27-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biofilm biology has become an expanding field of research in human, industrial and environmental ecosystems. The knowledge accumulated suggests that organisms growing in biofilms develop properties different to those dwelling in the planktonic state. On surveying the endodontic literature it is obvious that this realization and the fact that biofilms afford the resident microorganisms protection/resistance against harmful exogeneous influences including anti-microbial agents, is rather new to endodontology. Hence, the conditions under which biofilms occur in endodontic infections, and the measures that ought to be taken for their eradication, are not well understood. In this review the biofilm concept is presented and how it may apply to endodontic infections is discussed.
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