| 1. |
- Andersson, Joel B. H., et al.
(författare)
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Structural controls on sulphide (re)-distribution in Kiruna
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 15th SGA Biennial Meeting, 27-30 August. - : University of Glasgow Publicity Services. ; , s. 115-118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we investigate a potential structural control on sulphide distribution in phyllite from the Kiruna area, northern Norrbotten, Sweden. We use X-ray tomography and X-ray fluorescence analyzed in tandem on a 40 cm section of oriented drill core. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry are used in combination with optical microscopy to analyze mineralogy and microstructures. The results show that sulphides are distributed along So bedding planes, re-distributed along S-2 axial planar cleavage planes, and trapped by F-2-hinge zones and shear bands visible as elevated sulphide concentrations. The results of this study underlines the strength of X-ray tomography to image 3D geological structures and their relation to mineral distributions.
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| 2. |
- Bergqvist, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic rhinosinusitis associated with chronic bronchitis in a five-year follow-up: the Telemark study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Bmc Pulmonary Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2466. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with generalised airway inflammation. Few studies have addressed the relationship between CRS and chronic bronchitis (CB). Methods This prospective study over a five-year period aims to investigate the risk of developing CB in subjects reporting CRS at the beginning of the study. A random sample of 7393 adult subjects from Telemark County, Norway, answered a comprehensive respiratory questionnaire in 2013 and then 5 years later in 2018. Subjects reporting CB in 2013 were excluded from the analyses. New cases of CB in 2018 were analysed in relation to having CRS in 2013 or not. Results The prevalence of new-onset CB in 2018 in the group that reported CRS in 2013 was 11.8%. There was a significant increase in the odds of having CB in 2018 in subjects who reported CRS in 2013 (OR 3.8, 95% CI 2.65-5.40), adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking and asthma. Conclusion In this large population sample, CRS was associated with increased odds of developing CB during a five-year follow-up. Physicians should be aware of chronic bronchitis in patients with CRS.
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| 3. |
- Bergqvist, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Dose-dependent relationship between nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux and chronic rhinosinusitis in a middle-aged population: results from the SCAPIS pilot
- 2023
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Ingår i: Rhinology. - 0300-0729. ; 61:2, s. 118-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has been associated with several upper- and lower-airway diseases. It would be plausible if nightly occurring reflux via laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) might affect the upper airways. Still, the role of nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is not fully established. The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the association between nGER and CRS. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional population-based study comprises 1,111 randomly selected subjects from Gothenburg, Sweden, aged 50-64 years. The study is based on self-reported validated questionnaires. CRS was defined according to EPOS criteria. nGER was reported in relation to frequency. RESULTS: CRS was more common among subjects with nGER than in those without (13 vs. 4.8%). There was a dose-response association between the frequency of nGER episodes and the risk of having CRS. In the logistic regression adjusted for (age, sex, BMI, educational level, smoking, and asthma). CRS was associated with nGER, OR 1.43 and the odds ratio increased if episodes were reported 'almost every night' OR 4.6. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows an association between nocturnal GER and CRS in a middle-aged population. The revealed dose dependency supports, though does not prove causality.
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| 4. |
- Bergqvist, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Managing a critical airway with an unloaded single-use flexible bronchoscope as bougie: The SUBB-approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: Otolaryngology Case Reports. - 2468-5488. ; 27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Emergency airway management can be challenging for every emergency department (ED) and failure may result in serious injury or death. Various approaches have been presented over the years and robust guidelines for the management of difficult airways have been established by several international anesthesiology societies. Technology develops rapidly, which makes new, combined approaches for the management for critical airways possible. Case presentation: In this case, we present novel method for the management of a difficult emergency airway in a morbidly obese 47-year-old male with a large palpable mass in the central neck, were cricothyroidotomy was deemed difficult. Conclusion: The Single-use Bronchoscope as Bougie (SUBB) approach illustrates a new, rapid, and seemingly safe additional approach for the management of difficult airways with equipment found in most EDs using a single-use flexible bronchoscope as a bougie through a supraglottic airway device.
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| 5. |
- Bergqvist, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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New evidence of increased risk of rhinitis in subjects with COPD: a longitudinal population study.
- 2016
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - 1176-9106 .- 1178-2005. ; 11:1, s. 2617-2623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the risk of developing noninfectious rhinitis (NIR) in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).This is a longitudinal population-based study comprising 3,612 randomly selected subjects from Gothenburg, Sweden, aged 25-75 years. Lung function was measured at baseline with spirometry and the included subjects answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. At follow-up, the subjects answered a questionnaire with a response rate of 87%. NIR was defined as symptoms of nasal obstruction, nasal secretion, and/or sneezing attacks without having a cold, during the last 5 years. COPD was defined as a spirometry ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second divided by forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) <0.7. Subjects who reported asthma and NIR at baseline were excluded from the study. The odds ratios for developing NIR (ie, new-onset NIR) in relation to age, gender, body mass index, COPD, smoking, and atopy were calculated.In subjects with COPD, the 5-year incidence of NIR was significantly increased (10.8% vs 7.4%, P=0.005) and was higher among subjects aged >40 years. Smoking, atopy, and occupational exposure to gas, fumes, or dust were also associated with new-onset NIR. COPD, smoking, and atopy remained individual risk factors for new-onset NIR in the logistic regression analysis.This longitudinal population-based study of a large cohort showed that COPD is a risk factor for developing NIR. Smoking and atopy are also risk factors for NIR. The results indicate that there is a link present between upper and lower respiratory inflammation in NIR and COPD.
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| 6. |
- Bergqvist, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Non-infectious rhinitis is more strongly associated with early-rather than late-onset of COPD: data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS)
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 277, s. 1353-1359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with several co-morbidities and non-infectious rhinitis (NIR) has emerged as a new possible co-morbidity. The primary aim of this study is to confirm a previously reported association between NIR and COPD in a multicentre population over time. The secondary aim is to investigate the course over time of such an association through a comparison between early- and late-onset COPD. Methods This study is part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). A random adult population from 25 centres in Europe and one in Australia was examined with spirometry and answered a respiratory questionnaire in 1998-2002 (ECRHS II) and in 2008-2013 (ECRHS III). Symptoms of non-infectious rhinitis, hay fever and asthma, and smoking habits were reported. Subjects reporting asthma were excluded. COPD was defined as a spirometry ratio of FEV1/FVC < 0.7. A total of 5901 subjects were included. Results Non-infectious rhinitis was significantly more prevalent in subjects with COPD compared with no COPD (48.9% vs 37.1%, p < 0.001) in ECRHS II (mean age 43) but not in ECHRS III (mean age 54). In the multivariable regression model adjusted for COPD, smoking, age, BMI, and gender, non-infectious rhinitis was associated with COPD in both ECRHS II and III. Conclusion Non-infectious rhinitis was significantly more common in subjects with COPD at a mean age of 43. Ten years later, the association was weaker. The findings indicate that NIR could be associated with the early onset of COPD.
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| 7. |
- Bergqvist, Joel
(författare)
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Rhinosinusitis beyond the upper airways. Epidemiological aspects.
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rhinosinusitis (RS) is a prevalent, multi-factorial disease, including several subgroups of disease with different characteristics and pathophysiology. RS symptoms for more than 12 weeks are defined as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The underlying mechanisms likely involve multiple and distinct physiological processes that ultimately result in the inflammation of the sino-nasal mucosa. The potential relationship between upper- and lower-airway diseases would justify the concept of “global airway disease” – a field of increasing interest in research during the last decade. However, there is still much to uncover and a need systematically to investigate the natural history of CRS and the impact of risk factors and comorbidities. This thesis is based on four large, population-based studies from randomly selected population cohorts investigating CRS and the wider definition of non-infections rhinitis (NIR) and their relationship with the lower airways and the esophagus. Methods and results: Papers I, III and IV are single-center cohorts from Sweden and Norway. Paper II is a multi-center study from 26 centers in Europe and Australia. In Paper I (n=3,612 participants, age 25-75), we found an increased risk of developing NIR among subjects with COPD based on spirometry (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.05-1.97). Smoking, atopy and occupational exposure to gas, fumes and dust were also risk factors for developing NIR. In Paper II (n=5,901), NIR was strongly associated with COPD at early follow-up (mean age 43) and weaker at later follow-up (mean age 54). Age was a protective factor and female gender was associated with an increased risk of NIR. Paper III is a five-year follow-up in a cohort from Telemark, Norway (n=7,393, age 16-50 at baseline). CRS was associated with an increased risk of developing chronic bronchitis (CB) (OR 3.8, 95% CI 2.65-5.40). Smoking and asthma were also more common among subjects with CRS. Paper IV investigates nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) as a potential extra-respiratory comorbidity in CRS. Here, CRS was associated with nGER and the frequency of CRS increased stepwise with increasing numbers of nGER events. Conclusion: There are several links between chronic upper- and lower-airway diseases. In this thesis, the odds ratio for developing NIR increased among subjects with COPD. The association between NIR and COPD was shown to be age dependent, where the association was more robust at a younger age. Furthermore, the risk of developing CB increased among subjects with CRS and CRS was also associated with nGER in a dose-dependent manner. The results of this thesis emphasize CRS as a potential systemic disease and highlight the need to evaluate concomitant inflammatory diseases as comorbidities in CRS.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hrubos-Strom, H., et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Management and a Decision-Aid Tool in Treatment-Resistant Sleep Apnea
- 2023
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Ingår i: Current Sleep Medicine Reports. - 2198-6401. ; 9:3, s. 133-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of ReviewWe expect an increased pressure of treating residual sleepiness in parallel with the introduction of novel wakefulness-promoting drugs to the European market. Our purpose is to review the literature on longitudinal management of treatment-resistant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and on this background to propose a management plan for this patient group focusing on both reduction of cardiovascular risk and relief of symptoms.Recent FindingsMost OSA literature focuses on primary diagnostics and primary or secondary treatment options in unstratified clinical populations. In this review, we focus on longitudinal management of treatment-resistant OSA described in recent, key publications. Moreover, we identified future diagnostic trends that also may be of clinical importance in this patient group. Finally, based on this background, we propose a standardized approach to secondary diagnostics and treatment decisions in treatment-resistant OSA based on a novel decision-aid tool.Limited literature was found on the longitudinal aspects of OSA treatment. Based on this background, a standardized management plan for treatment-resistant OSA and a shared decision-aid tool is proposed. The management plan focuses on both stabilization of the upper airway and relief of symptoms.
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