| 1. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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A Milieu for Innovation : Defining Living Labs
- 2009
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Ingår i: Stimulating recovery. - New York : ISPIM. - 9789522148643 - 9522148644 ; , s. 12-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new trend of user involvement in open innovation processes has emerged. Concurring with this trend the Living Lab concept has been re-vitalized. This concept has attracted attention lately, but there exist no coherent view. In this paper we discuss and define the concept and propose five key components and five key principles for Living Labs based on experiences from over 30 development and research projects within two Living Labs, Botnia Living Lab and Halmstad Living Lab. The key components are: ICT & Infrastructure; Management; Partners & Users; Research; and Approach. The key principles are: Openness; Influence; Realism; Value; and Sustainability. Our proposed definition of a Living Lab is: A Living Lab is a user-centric innovation milieu built on every-day practice and research, with an approach that facilitates user influence in open and distributed innovation processes engaging all relevant partners in real-life contexts, aiming to create sustainable values.
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| 2. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Concept design with a living lab approach
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 9780769534503 ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Living Labs is a rather new research area and phenomena that introduces new ways of managing innovation processes. The underlying idea is that people's ideas, experiences, and knowledge, as well as their daily needs of support from products, services, or applications, should be the starting point in innovation. This paper illuminates experiences and accumulated knowledge to the area of concept design in an innovation process within a Living Lab. FormIT, a methodology developed for innovation processes within Living Labs is introduced through an illustration of how it has been utilised in a case. The experiences and the method are related to characteristics of Living Labs, and the paper closes with some concluding remarks in relation to concept design in a Living Lab.
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| 3. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Creating a new leverage point for information systems development
- 2008
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Ingår i: Designing information and organisations with a positive lens. - Amsterdam : JAI Press Ltd. - 0762312874 ; , s. 75-95
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We present a new approach that shifts the leverage point of information systems development from problem orientation to opportunity development. Our approach, entitled FormIT, employs a careful focus on enhanced user involvement, concentrating on users as human beings, and attention to users’ needs as opposed to system requirements. As theoretical and methodological foundations, we build on the 4-D cycle model of Appreciative Inquiry and current research on needfinding. Our field experience demonstrates that FormIT shifts the systems development process from being reactive to being proactive, and in turn, enables a smoother implementation of inevitable change, particularly radical change. Moreover, FormIT stimulates the generation of rich local knowledge and helps reveal deep insights into the development process and the overall organization.
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| 4. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Living lab : an open and citizen-centric approach for innovation
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development. - 1753-0660 .- 1753-0679. ; 1:4, s. 356-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we focus on a new research area, Living Lab that introduces new ways of managing innovation processes. A Living Lab can be viewed as both an innovation milieu and an innovation approach and the aim of this paper is to clarify these two perspectives, as well as to illustrate how they can enrich each other. This is done by presenting one Living Lab milieu, Botnia Living Lab and its key components; and one Living Lab approach, FormIT and its key principles. The presentation is done on two levels, one general level and one case specific level. The case focuses on involving citizens in the design of an e-service aimed to increase their influence in a municipality and its development. Through this, we learnt that the key components of a Living Lab constitutes important structures that enhance the process and as such the principles.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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The elusive nature of user needs in existing information systems literature
- 2007
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Ingår i: Information Management in the Networked Economy - Issues and Solutions. - : International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA). - 9780975339374
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present a new approach to facilitate the process of eliciting user needs in the information systems development context. Today is has become important to study users and their needs since products or services that contribute to fulfill an unsatisfied need have a high probability to succeed on the market. Hence, identifying and designing for user needs is imperative in innovation projects. We have identified two missing issues within the existing literature concerning user needs and systems development. Firstly, there are no consistent frameworks or categorizations of different types of needs, and secondly, there are no descriptions of how to proceed in the process of eliciting and analyzing user needs. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to present a theory of human motivation and behavior which we use as a framework to elicit and understand user needs. We have found different strengths with this framework such as the facilitation for the analyst to find divergent views of the same need and as well as needs that were solutions to another need. In addition, divergent views of the same need became obvious when we applied this framework. A drawback we have observed by using the framework is the possibility that a need is forced into a box, thereby risking missing its actual meaning.
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| 7. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Constructing representations of users needs : a living lab approach
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 31th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia. - : Mittuniversitetet. - 9789186073121
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The difficulties of understanding system requirements early on in the systems development process is an issue being discussed in the information systems discipline for several years. The requirement elicitation phase is seen as the most important phase, but it is still the least understood activity during the systems development process. Little research has been published which clarify, discuss and theorize user needs and its characteristics and how these could be used as implications for design of new IT-systems. In this paper, we aim to generate general insights about users and their situations by elaborating with situational user expressions and by this start developing theory about users' needs and requirements. During our studies, we have found that users express their needs and desires that are both dependent on the current situation they act in, but users also express their desires in general ways. Following a constructivist perspective, we have found that the users' experiences and the use of stimuli material influence what users express.
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| 8. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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FormIT : an approach to user involvement
- 2008
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Ingår i: European living labs. - Berlin : Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Harri Deutsch GmbH. - 9783865733436 ; , s. 63-75
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Needs and accommodation in evaluation design
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 12th European Conference on Information Technology Evaluation (ECITE 2005). ; , s. 457-464
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A clear understanding of the purpose of evaluation is essential in every evaluation situation to ably decide on approach and methodology. In this paper we present a case study focusing on evaluation of a mobile service for marketing purpose called M-Club. The project involved companies from different lines of business and with different nationalities. This diversity shed light on the complex process of defining a common evaluation focus. To understand the perspectives of the different stakeholders, interviews were conducted. The interviews explored the stakeholders' purposes, evaluation needs and expectations. In the analysis of the interviews Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) was used. One underpinning idea in SSM is the identification and awareness of different perspectives. The result of the analysis made it clear that different purposes, needs, expectations and objectives were represented among the stakeholders in the project and these could explicitly be illustrated using SSM techniques. However, differing perspectives, motives and needs led to another problem, namely, how to reach accommodation on the evaluation focus. We found that this problem is not described nor elaborated further in the evaluation literature. In SSM literature the problem is addressed by discourse but not explored in depth. This paper illustrates how a focus on needs contributed to the process of reaching accommodation and a common evaluation purpose among stakeholders. The findings showed that a need finding approach contributed to the process of designing the evaluation. By getting a common understanding of different purposes, needs, expectations and objectives relevant to the situation, the accommodation discussion became more focused. A focus on needs broadened the scope of the evaluation since needs are what lies behind problems and solutions.
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| 10. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Striving for realism in a user involvement process
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd ISPIM Innovation Symposium. - 9789522148643
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, it is commonly acknowledged that it is important to learn from users when the aim is to develop user-centred services and products. This is shown in the fact that a lot of the commercially important innovations that are developed today are developed by end-users. When it comes to innovation, it is burdened with uncertainty and the only way to get input on users reactions, is to start developing it and to let users use it. One way to involve users in the process of innovation development is the Living Lab approach in which one guiding principle is realism. In this paper, the aim is to define and illustrate how the Living Lab principle realism takes form and is facilitated in a mobile service development project described in this paper. We found that realism takes different forms dependent on in which phase the innovation process is.
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