| 1. |
- Brau, Jean-Florian, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen for oil refining via biomass indirect steam gasification: energy and environmental targets
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-954X .- 1618-9558. ; 15:3, s. 501-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The energy and CO2 consequences of substitution of a fossil-fuel-based hydrogen production unit with a biomass-based process in a large European refinery are studied in this study. In the base case, the biomass-based process consists in atmospheric, steam-blown indirect gasification of air-dried woody biomass followed by necessary upgrading steps. The effect of gradually substituting the current refinery hydrogen production unit with this process on global energy and CO2 targets is estimated first. Few process concepts are studied in further detail by looking at different degrees of heat integration with the remaining refinery units and possible polygeneration opportunities. The proposed process concepts are compared in terms of energy and exergy performances and potential reduction in refinery CO2 emission also taking into account the effect of marginal electricity. Compared to the base case, an increase by up to 8 % points in energy efficiency and 9 % points in exergy efficiency can be obtained by exploiting process integration opportunities. According to energy efficiency, steam production appears the best way to use excess heat available in the process while electricity generation through a heat recovery steam cycle appears the best option according to exergy efficiency results. All investigated cases yield to significant reduction in CO2 emissions at the refinery. It appears in particular that maximal emission reduction is obtained by producing extra steam to cover the demand of other refinery units if high efficiency marginal electricity scenarios are considered.
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| 2. |
- Brau, Jean-Florian, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of a Biomass-to-Hydrogen Process in an Oil Refinery
- 2012
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Transactions. - 2283-9216 .- 2283-9216. ; 29, s. 1087-1092
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, the substitution of a fossil fuel-based hydrogen (H2) production unit with a biomass-based process in a large European refinery is studied. Pinch Analysis is performed and several cases are evaluated in terms of energy and CO2 balances. Integration opportunities yield an increase of the energy efficiency from 70 to 79 %. In addition to H2, a maximum of 77 t/h of HP steam or 21.8 MW of electricity can be exported to the refinery. Maximum potential for reduction of CO2 emissions amounts to 758 kt/y and is found when H2 and electricity are coproduced.
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