| 1. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation of the CDIO-framework in Management Courses for Engineering Students - a Micro-level Approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International CDIO Conference, Turku, Finland, June 12-16 2016. ; , s. 366-375
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CDIO-Framework is developed in order to enable engineering students to engineer (Crawley et al 2014) and is relatively straightforward when applied on courses and projects that have a high degree of practical, hands-on engineering elements, such as e.g. developing software or a physical product/prototype. However, in many engineering programs a large part of the courses concern managerial aspects such as project management, leadership, marketing, innovation and entrepreneurship, especially in later years of a program. We are well aware of the fact that the CDIO-framework is developed to work on program-level, however, applied on management courses, commonly only the Conceive and Design can be obtained. Furthermore, these courses are not always structured in such a way that they immediately builds on each other. This dilemma has caused us to adapt CDIO to circumstances of the courses that we give and to reflect upon how more of the CDIO spirit can be transferred to our own modules and activities on course level. The aim of this paper is therefore to develop ways for application on a micro-level where the CDIO spirit can be implemented in management courses at engineering programs. In the paper we give three different practical cases where the CDIO-framework have been applied. The cases show that CDIO works both on micro-level, e.g. in two hour exercises and within the frame of individual courses. For management courses, and especially courses in entrepreneurship and marketing, the framework need to apply a more extrovert focus, i.e. on verification of customer needs and benefits, rather than on technological solutions.
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| 2. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-
(författare)
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Arbetskraftens rörlighet och klusterdynamik. : En studie av IT- och telekomklustren i Kista och Mjärdevi
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Labour mobility can in theory be an efficient channel for knowledge transfer between cluster firms, thus contributing to growth and competitiveness. In the thesis labour mobility in two Swedish ICT clusters is studied. The purpose of the thesis is to develop an understanding of processes of labour mobility in clusters and to investigate whether mobility can be regarded as a cluster advantage. Both interview data and extensive registry data are used in order to analyse processes of mobility at three levels: individual, firm and cluster level.The results show that labour mobility can to some extent be considered a cluster advantage for Swedish ICT firms, since cluster firms are likely to experience a higher level of labour mobility. It is also shown how mobility to and from the clusters contributes to the upgrading of formal competencies within cluster firms. However, the firms themselves are shown to rather focus on staff retention than turnover. To some degree, labour mobility in the Swedish clusters in focus is presumably constrained by the formal institutional framework, as well as by informal rules and agreements between cluster firms. It is argued nonetheless that the sheer potential for mobility and the viability of informal hiring practices in clusters may be viewed as cluster advantages, besides the actual extent of labour mobility.
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| 3. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetskraftens rörlighet och kunskapsspridning i kluster : exemplet IT- och telekomföretag i Kista
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten analyserar rörlighet på en specialiserad arbetsmarknad genom en studie av kunskapsföretag verksamma inom IT- och telekomklustret i Kista. Frågor som undersöks är företagens inställning till arbetskraftsrörlighet, rörlighetens roll för spridning av kunskap inom klustret samt förekomsten av eventuella oskrivna regler som hindrar eller underlättar rörlighet. Inom ramen för studien har informanter från tjugo företag intervjuats. Rapporten ger följaktligen en inblick i hur klusterföretagen själva resonerar och agerar kring arbetskraftsrörlighet. Utgångspunkten är att det teoretiskt sett finns anledning att tro att kluster, det vill säga geografiska koncentrationer av företag, kan bidra till att öka arbetskraftens rörlighet genom att erbjuda ett stort utbud av både arbetsgivare med likartade krav och specialiserad arbetskraft. Hög rörlighet skulle medföra effektiv kunskapsspridning inom klustret. Studien visar att Kistaföretagen i många fall betraktar låg rörlighet som en positiv företeelse. De företag som på ett generellt plan förespråkade hög rörlighet implementerade inte heller några konkreta åtgärder för att öka den. En slutsats som dras är därmed, för det första, att företagen associerar arbetskraftens rörlighet med risker för det egna företaget. För det andra var företagen generellt sett nöjda med lokaliseringen till Kista, men ansåg sällan att den var till nytta i en rekryteringssituation eller hade inte övervägt saken. Många företag, i synnerhet de små, rekryterade ny arbetskraft genom personliga nätverk, som man menade är bransch- snarare än platsspecifika. Emellertid hade samtliga företag någon eller flera viktiga relationer med andra Kistaföretag, vilka ibland resulterade i personalutbyte. Det är därmed troligt att rörligheten på Kistas arbetsmarknad är högre än företagen är medvetna om. För det tredje sågs rörlighet som ett effektivt verktyg till att öka företagens kunskapsbas, men inte det vanligaste på grund av de kostnader som är förknippade med detta. Bland annat uppgav ett flertal företag, särskilt tjänsteproducenter, att det existerar en hederskodex inom den egna branschen, som förhindrar rekrytering av arbetskraft från vissa kund- eller partnerföretag.
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| 4. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Brain circulation and flexible adjustment : labour mobility as a cluster advantage
- 2011
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Ingår i: Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Geography. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0435-3684 .- 1468-0467. ; 93:1, s. 21-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the role of labour mobility as a potential cluster advantage. We review the theoretical arguments as for how and why labour mobility could enhance the dynamism and performance of clusters of similar and related firms. A combination of quantitative and qualitative data from two information and communication technology (ICT) clusters is used to answer two research questions: (1) What is the role of mobility enhancing (or restricting) institutions in clusters? (2) In what ways does labour mobility contribute to knowledge transfer within clusters? The two ICT clusters studied in the article generally seem to have higher levels of mobility, compared to the labour market at large. Although it is regarded as beneficial in theory, most cluster firms try to restrict mobility of workers since they fear the risk and costs of losing staff. Labour mobility is also rarely viewed as a viable way to increase the knowledge bases or contact networks of firms. However, when firms need to recruit the clustered labour markets seem to benefit them by facilitating the use of informal recruitment processes. By way of conclusion it is suggested that cluster firms might be under-investing in mobility and that innovative institutional solutions could help realize clusters’ mobility potential.
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| 5. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Creating entrepreneurial networks : Commercialisation of research, mobility and collaboration during PhD education
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The universities are expected to contribute to the society in manifold ways; their main tasks include supplying the labour market with educated workers, developing scientific knowledge, both basic and applied, and recently also supporting entrepreneurial initiatives and commercialisation of research results. PhD education constitutes a considerable part of many universities’ activities and PhD students perform a large share of research. Yet there are few studies concerned with PhD students’ possibilities to commercialise research results or the university context supportiveness in this regard. Therefore, this paper investigates PhD students’ views on commercialisation and perceived grade of support from various levels of the university hierarchy. Moreover, the extent of mobility and external collaborations during PhD education and their correlations with opinions of PhD students are studied. These aspects are studied through analysis of data from a survey of 465 PhD students at Linköping University, Sweden.The results show that PhD students are on average slightly positive towards commercialisation of research results, although there are differences between various faculties. The university context is perceived as slightly supportive, except for the department and division levels at the faculties of Arts & Sciences (incl. Educational Sciences) and Health Sciences. A majority of PhD students are involved in external collaborations as a part of their PhD education, while a quarter have been spending a part of their PhD studies at another organisation. PhD students’ views on commercialisation are more connected to the direction of mobility than to mobility per se, while for external collaboration interest in commercialisation is lowest amongst those not involved in collaboration at all.
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| 6. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Creating entrepreneurial networks : academic entrepreneurship, mobility and collaboration during PhD education
- 2012
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Ingår i: Higher Education. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0018-1560 .- 1573-174X. ; 64:2, s. 207-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Network-building activities of PhD students are an important area of study in furthering our understanding of academic entrepreneurship. This paper focuses on PhD students’ participation in network-building activities defined as mobility and collaboration, as well as own interest in and perceived grade of support for commercialisation from various levels of the university hierarchy. The results of a large-scale survey (of 1,126 PhD students at Linköping University, Sweden, 41% response rate) presented here show that the majority of PhD students are engaged in collaborations with external organisations, though quite few (one quarter) have spent a part of their PhD education outside their home university. PhD students from all faculties are on average interested in commercialisation and in favour of it. However, PhD students from the faculty of Health Sciences state that it is difficult for them to combine research and commercialisation. Furthermore, interest in commercialisation of research results is relatively lowest amongst those PhD students who are undertaking mobility placements at other universities, thus pointing to an experienced incompatibility of research and academic entrepreneurship.
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| 7. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship and the PhD : A case study of a doctoral mobility program
- 2009
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the university context we see an intensified co-operation with industry which includesmobility aspects e.g. PhDs increasingly working in the private sector. This is a desirabledevelopment since it encourages network formation, knowledge transfer and innovation. Dueto that we have devoted our interest to the formation of PhD students’ professional networksthrough mobility as part of doctoral education. The following questions are addressed in thispaper: 1) How could a mobility program for PhD students be designed and implemented? 2)How are mobility aspects of PhD studies affected by career plans and existing networks in thestudents’ research teams? The data used in this study comes from a novel Swedish approachto PhD education in life science technologies - a program called AgoraLink (ALP). The resultsshow that ALP is in many cases used to develop existing links with industry in the participants’home country and research organisations abroad. Furthermore, the PhD students admitted toextramural activities tend to have well articulated career plans and use the program to realizetheir ambitions. Finally, ALP seems to catalyse mobility and development of previouslyestablished contacts by providing a framework and legitimacy.
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| 8. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship support and sustainability focus within business incubators : a European study
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As societies strive to address current environmental challenges new markets and opportunities are opening up for both businesses and entrepreneurs implement sustainability within their operations. In a recent report by OECD (2013) it is noted that green entrepreneurs in general have to overcome higher barriers than other entrepreneurs, e.g. concerning regulations, immature markets and shortages of skills. Thus, one key question is how identification, evaluation and exploitation of business opportunities related to sustainable innovation and green business can be effectively supported by organizations such as business incubators. The aim of this study is to investigate business incubators in three European countries with the highest positions on European Union’s Eco-Innovation Scoreboard from 2014 (Finland, Germany, Sweden) with respect to how they manage sustainability aspects. More specifically, we are studying how sustainability in social and environmental terms is integrated into incubators’ processes for selection and support of their tenants. The data was collected through a survey where we reached the management of 360 business incubators in the three countries and received 96 responses. We show that there is substantial interest among incubators to gain an image of being sustainability-profiled. However, this image does not seem to be supported with practical organizational routines when selecting and supporting tenants. While the majority of incubators in Finland, Germany and Sweden consider sustainability an important issue for incubation, few incubators actually offer sustainability specific services or advice (e.g. related to ecodesign or marketing of green products). This is a clear gap in the existing entrepreneurship support system that should be addressed by policymakers, stakeholders and managers of incubators.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bienkowska, Dzamila, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Industrial Graduate Schools: University-Industry Interaction for Development of Absorptive Capacity
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Proceedings of The XXIII ISPIM Conference 2012 Barcelona, Spain - 17-20 June 2012. - 9789522652430
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Absorptive capacity and integration skills of firms are crucialfactors when it comes to reaping the benefits from universityindustryrelations. Education and training of individuals withboth academic and industrial experience that can act asbrokers of knowledge is therefore of great importance. Duringrecent years industrial graduate schools have been developedas an answer to this challenge. We investigate them throughan interview study with PhD students and supervisors. We alsoassess long-term impact through interviews with graduatedindividuals focusing on their use of integration skills withintheir work. We conclude that although industrial graduateschools require a multitude of favourable conditions in orderto realise their potential they are also a powerful tool fordeveloping absorptive capacities of PhD students andsupervisors. We show that positive effects of industrialgraduate schools extend in time, through increased capacitiesto e.g. participate in collaborative R&D projects or educatenew students.
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