| 2. |
- Sandstrom, O., et al.
(författare)
-
Three decades of Swedish experience demonstrates the need for integrated long-term monitoring of fish in marine coastal areas
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Water Quality Research Journal of Canada. - 1201-3080. ; 40:3, s. 233-250
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first attempts to monitor coastal fish in Sweden were made in the 1960s and 1970s. Ecological, physiological, biochemical and environmental chemistry data were collected in separate projects. When the National Marine Monitoring Programme was revised in 1992, a new strategy was introduced for assessments of long-term trends in coastal fish communities. Annual integrated monitoring of contaminants, biomarkers and population and community indicators of ecosystem health was started in selected areas using common sentinel species. Data from one monitoring area at the coast of the Baltic proper are analyzed in this paper. The results have shown a shift in fish community structure indicating changes in ecosystem productivity. Trends have been detected in growth rate (positive) and relative gonad size (negative) in perch (Perca fluviatilis), suggesting a metabolic disturbance according to the predictive response model developed for interpretations. One factor which may have contributed to the reduced GSI was a decrease in mean age of sampled fish during the period of study. Chemical exposure was indicated by a 3-fold increase of EROD activity during the monitored 15-year period. However, concentrations of most measured contaminants in perch have decreased during the same period. The experience of the integrated approach has shown that a tentative analysis of cause and environmental significance could be made, improving the assessment, but there still remain unsolved questions to be answered in follow-up studies. The analysis has also shown the importance of long-term monitoring at several levels of biological organization to distinguish between natural variation and low-level effects on ecosystems.
|
|
| 3. |
- Sundqvist, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Concentrations and Congener Patterns of PCDD/FS in Surface Sediment, Settling Particulate Matter, Water and Fish From the South Bothnian Sea, Sweden
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Organohalogen Compounds. ; 69, s. 247-50
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focused on PCDD/F contamination along the Swedish coast of the southern Bothnian Sea, a heavily polluted area of the Baltic Sea. Data from earlier studies of surface sediment, perch, viviparous blenny and herring were analyzed together with new data for settling particulate matter (SPM) and sea water. PCDD/F pollution in surface sediment and SPM in the southern Bothnian Sea were similar both in respect to pattern and levels. The highest levels were 170 000 and 33 000 pg/g TOC in sediment and SPM respectively, and the congener pattern was dominated by OCDD, OCDF and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF. The dissolved concentrations in water were estimated by analysis of passive samplers of low density polyethylene (LDPE) type. The water pollution pattern was extremely different and showed complete domination of 2,3,7,8-TCDF. The fish showed species specific differences in the fractions of the two dominating congeners, 2,3,7,8-TCDF and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF. All species did, however, show an increase in the fraction 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF as compared to the pattern in passive water samplers.
|
|
