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- Grabs, Thomas, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Riparian zone processes and soil water total organic carbon (TOC) : Implications for spatial variability, upscaling and carbon exports
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Considerable amounts of groundwater inflows pass through riparian soils before discharging into stream networks. The interaction of groundwater inflows from adjacent hillslopes with riparian soils often changes the biogeochemical signature of the water. This mechanism often makes (near stream) riparian zones (RZs) key areas in the landscape that substantially influence stream water chemistry. Here we combine landscape analysis with total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations and groundwater levels measured at the riparian observatory in the boreal Krycklan catchment to investigate how terrain has shaped riparian processes and TOC characteristics. A considerable spatial variability of riparian TOC concentrations is presented in this system which can be related to variable groundwater levels and values of the topographic wetness index (TWI). Organic-rich riparian peat soils in forested areas emerged as hotspots exporting large amounts of TOC. These exports are subject to considerable temporal variations caused by variable flow conditions and changing TOC concentrations. Organic-poor riparian soils, on the other hand, exported only small and relatively time-invariant amounts of TOC. Organic-rich and organic-poor soils in RZs combine to a landscape mosaic that regulates much of spatial variability of stream water TOC. We finally present an empirical regression-model based on the TWI to predict spatially variable riparian TOC concentration profiles for areas in the Krycklan catchment that are underlain by glacial till.
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- Jönsson, Håkan, et al.
(author)
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Återvinn fler näringsämnen än fosfor i avloppsvatten
- 2012
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In: Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; ?, s. 6-
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- För att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser bör vi återvinna fler växtnäringsämnen ur avloppsslammet. Regeringens ensidiga fokus på fosfor i detta avseende riskerar att skada det långsiktiga miljöarbetet. Vi vill skärpa miljömålen och inkludera även ämnen som kväve, kalium och svavel, skriver professorer och forskare från SLU.
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- Norén, Viveca, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Significance of EU Floods Directive Risk Management Plans for Drinking Water Supply
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Flood is a threat to safe drinking water supply. To reduce and manage the risks of floods, EU has adopted the Floods Directive. The Floods Directive is linked to and should be coordinated with the EU Water Framework Directive. Securing drinking water supply is an important aspect for management of both water resources and floods. Recently the first cycle of the Floods Directive working procedure was concluded with the establishment of Flood Risk Management Plans (FRMP). We have investigated how the FRMPs made in Sweden consider the potential consequences of flood on drinking water supply as well as if the plans show signs of integration of flood risk management with water resources management and drinking water supply. Drinking water supply is well represented in the objectives and measures suggested in the FRMPs. However, the knowledge of the consequences of flood on drinking water is poor. Many of the suggested objectives and measures are concerned with providing more knowledge. The plans show an awareness of the importance of coordination and integration with other sectors and actors but there are few signs that integration actually has taken place.
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- Stendahl, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Base cations in the soil bank. Non-exchangeable pools may sustain centuries of net loss to forestry and leaching
- 2019
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Accurately quantifying soil base cation pools is essential to interpreting the sustainability of forest harvests from element mass-balance studies. The soil exchangeable pool is classically viewed as the bank of “available” base cations in the soil, withdrawn upon by plant uptake and leaching and refilled by litter decomposition, atmospheric deposition and mineral weathering. The operational definition of this soil bank as the exchangeable (salt-extractable) pools ignores the potential role of ”other” soil nutrient pools, including microbial biomass, clay interlayer absorbed elements, and calcium oxalate. These pools can be large relative to “exchangeable” pools. Thus neglecting these other pools in studies examining the sustainability of biomass extractions, or need for nutrient return, limits our ability to gauge the threat or risk of unsustainable biomass removals. We examine a set of chemical extraction data from a mature Norway spruce forest in central Sweden, and compare this dataset to ecosystem flux data gathered from the site in previous research. The 0.2 M HCl extraction released large pools of Ca, K, Mg, and Na, considerably larger than the exchangeable pools. Where net losses of base cations are predicted from biomass harvest, exchangeable pools may not be sufficient to support more than a single 65-year forest rotation, but acid-extractable pools are sufficient to support many rotations of net-ecosystem losses. We examine elemental ratios, soil clay and carbon contents, and trends with depth of these pools to identify the likely origin of the HCl-extractable pool. No single candidate compound class emerges as very strongly supported by the data to be likely to constitute the majority of the HCl-extractable fraction; a combination of microbial biomass, fine grain, potentially shielded, easily weatherable minerals, and non-structural clay interlayer bound potassium may explain the size and distribution of the acid extractable base cation pool. Sequential extraction techniques and isotope exchange measurements should be further developed and, if possible, complemented with spectroscopic techniques to illuminate the identity of and flux rates through these important, and commonly overlooked, nutrient pools.
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