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- Björklund, Karin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in stormwater sediments: particle distribution and catchment area emission factors (CAEFs)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Book of abstracts - 10th Urban Environment Symposium, 9-11 June 2010, Gothenburg, Sweden. ; , s. 19-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emissions from traffic and construction materials contaminate stormwater with both metals and organicpollutants, and techniques for efficient removal of contaminants are reguested. The purpose of this studywas to determine the particle distribution of some selected metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in a stormwater sedimentation facility, and to caiculate the emitted amounts of these contaminantsin the studied catchment area. Chemical analysis and determination of physical parameters wereperformed on sediments sampled at a stormwater treatment facility consisting of seven sedimentationchambers connected in series. The facility is located in central Gothenburg, Sweden, and receives runofffrom the E6 and E20 motorway, with a daily traffic bad of approximately 86 000 vehicies. Theconcentrations of the PAHs and metals showed a trend with sediment concentrations increasing from thefirst to the last chamber. The pollutant concentrations were weil correlated with the particle sizedistribution, dry densities, water and organic content of the sediments. in two or more of the chambers, theconcentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr and carcinogenic PAHs were higher than the given guideline vaiuesfor contaminated soil. The relative composition of the PAHs in sediment, with a dominance of pyrene,phenanthrene, fluoranthene and chrysene, indicates that rubber tyres, diesel exhaust and road asphaltcould be important sources of PAH pollution. The calculated catchment area emission factors (CAEFs)showed, in Wyear ha, the following order: petroleum hydrocarbons Cio - C4o (15 000) > Zn (3200) > Ni(~3000) > Cu (1500) > Sb (930) > Cr (820) > V (640)> Pb (260) > Co (120) > As (87) > Sn (25)> Mo (43)> ~16-EPA PAH (13) > Cresols (3.4) > Cd (1.3)> Hg (0.43). The results show that large parts of the finestsediment particle fractions, with high concentrations of the contaminants, are released with outiet waterfrom the sedimentation facility. The treatment facility could be more efficient if a filter was installed afterthe sedimentation steps, before discharge of water to the nearby stream.
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- Björklund, Thomas, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Structuring of data for LCA of buildings
- 1998
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Ingår i: Presented at CIB World Congress 1998; Gävle; Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Challis, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants in Sweden between two population-based national cohorts (2004-2007 vs 2014-2016)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 109, s. 87-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate potential risk factors behind the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in Swedish extremely preterm infants.Design Registry data from two population-based national cohorts were studied. NEC diagnoses (Bell stage >= II) were validated against hospital records.Patients All liveborn infants <27 weeks of gestation 2004-2007 (n=704) and 2014-2016 (n=895) in Sweden.Main outcome measures NEC incidence.Results The validation process resulted in a 28% reduction of NEC cases but still confirmed a higher NEC incidence in the later epoch compared with the earlier (73/895 (8.2%) vs 27/704 (3.8%), p=0.001), while the composite of NEC or death was lower (244/895 (27.3%) vs 229/704 (32.5%), p=0.022). In a multivariable Cox regression model, censored for mortality, there was no significant difference in early NEC (0-7 days of life) between epochs (HR=0.9 (95% CI 0.5 to 1.9), p=0.9), but being born in the later epoch remained an independent risk factor for late NEC (>7 days) (HR=2.7 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.0), p=0.001). In propensity score analysis, a significant epoch difference in NEC incidence (12% vs 2.8%, p<0.001) was observed only in the tertile of infants at highest risk of NEC, where the 28-day mortality was lower in the later epoch (35% vs 50%, p=0.001). More NEC cases were diagnosed with intramural gas in the later epoch (33/73 (45.2%) vs 6/26 (23.1%), p=0.047).Conclusions The increase in NEC incidence between epochs was limited to cases occurring after 7 days of life and was partly explained by increased survival in the most extremely preterm infants. Misclassification of NEC is common.
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- Farooqi, Aijaz, et al.
(författare)
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One-year survival and outcomes of infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation in Sweden 2004-2007, 2014-2016 and 2017-2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo explore associations between perinatal activity and survival in infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation in Sweden. Design/SettingData on all births at 22 and 23 weeks' gestational age (GA) were prospectively collected in 2004-2007 (T1) or obtained from national registers in 2014-2016 (T2) and 2017-2019 (T3). Infants were assigned perinatal activity scores based on 3 key obstetric and 4 neonatal interventions. Main outcomeOne-year survival and survival without major neonatal morbidities (MNM): intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3-4, cystic periventricular leucomalacia, surgical necrotising enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity stage 3-5 or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The association of GA-specific perinatal activity score and 1-year survival was also determined. Results977 infants (567 live births and 410 stillbirths) were included: 323 born in T1, 347 in T2 and 307 in T3. Among live-born infants, survival at 22 weeks was 5/49 (10%) in T1 and rose significantly to 29/74 (39%) in T2 and 31/80 (39%) in T3. Survival was not significantly different between epochs at 23 weeks (53%, 61% and 67%). Among survivors, the proportions without MNM in T1, T2 and T3 were 20%, 17% and 19% for 22 weeks and 17%, 25% and 25% for 23 weeks' infants (p>0.05 for all comparisons). Each 5-point increment in GA-specific perinatal activity score increased the odds for survival in first 12 hours of life (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.4; 95% CI 1.3 to 1.6) in addition to 1-year survival (aOR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.3), and among live-born infants it was associated with increased survival without MNM (aOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.4). ConclusionIncreased perinatal activity was associated with reduced mortality and increased chances of survival without MNM in infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of GA.
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- Jönsson, Åsa, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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LCA of Concrete and Steel Building Frames
- 1998
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. ; 3:4, s. 216-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects on the external environment of seven concrete and steel building frames representative of present-day building technology in Sweden were analysed using LCA methodology. Objects of the study included frame construction and supplementary materials. Several-storey offices and dwellings were studied. The functional unit was defined as one average m2 of floor area during the lifetime of the building. Inventory data were elaborated for concrete and steel production, the building site, service life, demolition and final disposal. Parameters included were raw material use, energy use, emissions to air, emissions to water and waste generation. The inventory results were presented and evaluated as such, in addition to an interpretation by using three quantitative impact assessment methods. Parameters that weighed heavily were use of fossil fuels, CO2, electricity, SOx 2 NOx 2 alloy materials and waste, depending on what assessment method was used. Over the life cycle, building production from cradle to gate accounted for about the same contribution to total environmental loads as maintenance and replacement of heat losses through external walls during service life, whereas demolition and final disposal accounted for a considerably lower contribution.
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