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- Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on C-reactive protein in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and obesity : results from a randomized controlled trial with 5-year follow-up
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biomarkers: biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-5804. ; 13:7, s. 671-679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. To study the effects of lifestyle on CRP in a high-risk population we conducted a randomized controlled trial on 200 obese subjects (BMI > 27 kg m(-2)) with impaired glucose tolerance recruited from primary care settings. They were randomized to either a 1-month stay at a wellness centre focusing on diet, exercise and stress management (intervention group) or 30-60 min of oral and written information on lifestyle intervention (control group). A significant reduction of CRP was observed after 1 month and 1 year in the intervention group. They reduced their CRP levels more than the control group 1 year after intervention (p=0.004). In conclusion lifestyle intervention can decrease CRP in obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance for up to 1 year. Further research is needed to evaluate whether the CRP level reduction translates into a decreased risk for cardiovascular morbidity.
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- Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 209:2, s. 601-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease but the mechanisms are still somewhat unclear. One possible pathway may be through the anti-inflammatory effects attributed to regular physical activity. Our primary aim was to study the effects of endurance physical exercise on C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) during the acute and recovery phases. Secondarily, we studied the impact of diet on these inflammatory markers.METHODS: Twenty men, aged 18-55 years, participated in a 14 days cross-country skiing tour. They traveled 12-30km per day corresponding to about 10h of heavy physical activity. The participants were randomized to a diet with either 30 or 40% of energy derived from fat. Inflammatory variables were analysed at week 0, after 1 and 2 weeks and during the recovery phase at week 6 and 8.RESULTS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly during the two weeks of exercise (1.4-5.0mg/l, p=0.00 and 6.8-8.4pg/ml, p=0.00). CRP levels were significantly lower during recovery (median 0.7mg/l) compared to baseline (median 1.4mg/l) and did not correlate to metabolic variables. There were no significant changes in IL-6 levels during the study period. For dietary groups significant CRP changes were observed only in the high fat group during recovery.CONCLUSIONS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly but reacted differently during heavy physical activity while there seemed to be no significant changes in IL-6. No significant differences regarding inflammatory variables were found between the dietary groups.
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- Eriksson, Maria A., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Leptin levels are not affected by enalapril treatment after an uncomplicated myocardial infarction, but associate strongly with changes in fibrinolytic variables in men
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 80:4, s. 303-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, is involved in the regulation of body weight and is associated with obesity-related complications, notably cardiovascular disease (CVD). A putative link between obesity and CVD could be induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) synthesis by leptin. In this study, we hypothesized that the beneficial effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE(i)) enalapril on PAI-1 levels is mediated by effects on leptin levels. The association between leptin and components of the fibrinolytic system was evaluated in a non-prespecified post hoc analysis of a placebo-controlled randomized, double-blind trial where the effect of the ACE(i) enalapril on fibrinolysis was tested. A total of 46 men and 37 women were randomized to treatment with enalapril or placebo after (median 12 months) an uncomplicated myocardial infarction. At baseline, the participants were stable and had no signs of congestive heart failure. Leptin and fibrinolytic variables (mass concentrations of PAI-1, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and tPA-PAI complex) were measured at baseline, and after 10 days, 6 months and 12 months. Enalapril treatment did not change leptin levels, which increased significantly during 1 year of follow-up (p = .007). Changes in leptin levels were strongly associated with changes of tPA mass (p = .001), tPA-PAI complex (p = .003) and of PAI-1 (p = .006) in men, but not in women. Leptin levels are not influenced by treatment with an ACE(i). In contrast, leptin associates strongly with changes in fibrinolytic variables notably with a sex difference, which could be of importance for obesity-related CVD.
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- Eriksson, Maria, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Improved fibrinolytic activity during exercise may be an effect of the adipocyte-derived hormones leptin and adiponectin
- 2008
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Ingår i: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 122:5, s. 701-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Physical activity is associated with improved fibrinolytic activity and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease. High levels of leptin and low levels of adiponectin, both adipocyte-derived hormones, or adipokines, are related to dysfibrinolysis and risk for cardiovascular disease. In this study, we explored if improved fibrinolytic activity during exercise could be linked to changes in leptin and adiponectin levels.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty healthy men (mean age 36 years) participated in a 14-day long skiing expedition in the Swedish mountains. They were randomly assigned to either a 40% or a 30% fat-based diet. Anthropometry, lipids, fibrinolytic activity (PAI-1 activity, tPA activity and mass) and adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) were measured before, during and six weeks after the expedition.RESULTS: PAI-1 activity and circulating levels of leptin decreased whereas levels of adiponectin increased during exercise. The fall in PAI-1 activity showed a strong linear association with changes in leptin and adiponectin levels (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Changes in leptin and adiponectin levels were independent of decreasing waist circumference. However, the association between anthropometric measures and adipokines changed considerably during the expedition. Adiponectin was weakly and negatively associated with BMI at baseline. In contrast, there was a strong positive association between adiponectin and BMI after two weeks of exercise, whereas the association between leptin and BMI became less pronounced. In addition, increasing leptin and decreasing adiponectin levels were associated with increasing PAI-1 activity during the six weeks following the expedition. After six weeks of normal activity, fibrinolytic activity and hormone levels returned towards baseline levels.CONCLUSION: Heavy exercise induced improved fibrinolytic activity, which was associated independently with changes in circulating levels of the adipocyte-derived hormones leptin and adiponectin. Improved fibrinolytic activity (and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease) related to physical activity could possibly be mediated by leptin and adiponectin.
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- Hagnelius, Nils-Olof, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Fibrinolysis and von Willebrand factor in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia : a case-referent study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The importance of vascular risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not settled. Our aim was to compare patients with AD or vascular dementia (VaD) with non-demented subjects with regard to endothelial derived fibrinolytic and hemostatic factors.Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional mono-center case-referent study in Örebro, Sweden, we consecutively included 95 patients with AD and 55 with VaD and 154 non-demented active seniors (AS). Plasma biomarkers including the endothelial derived fibrinolytic factors: mass concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tPA/PAI-1 complex and von Willebrand factor (vWF), as well as clinical data were analyzed.Results: None of the endothelial derived fibrinolytic markers or vWF differed between AD vs. VaD. In comparison with the AS group, tPA was higher in AD (p=0.001) and VaD (p=0.023) but its inhibitor, PAI-1 mass concentration did not differ significantly; tPA/PAI-1 complex was higher in both VaD (p=0.038) and AD (p=0.005). vWF concentration was lower in the AS group (p<0.001) than in both dementia groups.Conclusion: Thus, endothelial derived fibrinolytic factors, tPA/PAI-1 complex and vWF, discriminated between the reference group of non-demented elderly and the AD and VaD groups, but not between AD and VaD. This suggests similar disturbances for endothelial derived fibrinolytic and hemostatic factors among AD and VaD patients and may reflect shared vascular pathophysiological mechanisms in the dementias.
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- Hernestål-Boman, Jenny, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Individual PAI-1 increase over nine years relates differently in men and women to changes in anthropometric, glycaemic, inflammatory and lipid markers.
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is known to correlate to factors related to the metabolic syndrome. We have previously shown that PAI-1 antigen increased by 75% in men and 95% in women over nine years.Objective: The aim of this study was to explore relationships between intra-individual changes in PAI-1 and changes in anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, glycaemic, lipid and inflammatory markers, separately for men and women.Method: In northern Sweden, 125 men and 116 women were examined first in 1990 and re-examined in 1999 during the morning hours. Changes over time (Δ) were calculated as the value at 1999 minus the value at 1990.Results: In men, ΔPAI-1 was significantly correlated to ΔBMI (r =0.33), ΔCRP (r =0.25), Δtriglycerides (r =0.39), Δfasting plasma glucose (r =0.41) and Δ2-hour plasma glucose (r =0.29). In women, ΔPAI-1 was significantly correlated to ΔBMI (r =0.36), Δwaist circumference (r =0.38), Δhip circumference (r =0.27), ΔCRP (r =0.27) and Δtotal cholesterol (r =0.19). The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that ΔPAI-1 was significantly related to Δfasting plasma glucose and ΔCRP in men (R2 for the complete model was 0.31). In women, ΔPAI-1 was significantly related to Δwaist circumference (R2 for the complete model was 0.17).Conclusion: We expected that changes in anthropometric, glycaemic, inflammatory and lipid markers would explain a large part of the observed PAI-1 increase. However, the multivariate analysis explained only 20% of the variation in ΔPAI-1 in women and 30% in men. Interestingly, the patterns of components correlating with the changes in PAI-1 differed between sexes.
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