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- Kruger, T, et al.
(författare)
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Xenobiotic activity in serum and sperm chromatin integrity in European and inuit populations
- 2008
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Ingår i: Molecular Reproduction and Development. - : Wiley. - 1040-452X .- 1098-2795. ; 75:4, s. 669-680
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipophilic persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and suspected to interfere with hormone activities and reproduction. In previous studies we demonstrated that POP exposure can affect sperm DNA integrity and differences between Inuits and Europeans in sperm DNA integrity and xenobiotic activity were observed. The aim of this study was to investigate possible relations between human sperm chromatin integrity and the xenobiotic serum activity of lipophilic POPs assessed as effects on the estrogen (ER), androgen (AR), and/or aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) receptors. Human sperm chromatin integrity was assessed as DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) and high DNA stainability (%HDS) using the flow cytometric sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). Xenobiotic receptor activities were determined using chemically activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX) assay. The study included 53 Greenlandic Inuits and 247 Europeans (Sweden, Warsaw (Poland) and Kharkiv (Ukraine)). A heterogeneous pattern of correlations was found. For Inuits, ER and AhR activities and %DFI were inversely correlated, whereas a positive correlation between AR activity and %DFI was found for Europeans. In contrast, no correlation between receptor activities and %HDS was observed for Inuits but for Europeans positive and negative correlations were observed between ER and AR activities and %HDS, respectively. We suggest that the different patterns of xenobiotic serum activities, in combination with diet associated factors and/or genetics, might be connected to the observed differences in sperm chromatin integrity between the Inuits and Europeans. Mol. Reprod. Dev. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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- Loft, S, et al.
(författare)
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Oxidative DNA damage in human sperm influences time to pregnancy
- 2003
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 18:6, s. 1265-1272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and related DNA damage in human sperm may be important for fecundity and pregnancy outcome. METHODS: We studied the level of oxidative DNA damage in terms of 7-hydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in sperm DNA among 225 first-pregnancy planners. Over the six menstrual cycle follow-up time, after cessation of contraception, 135 pregnancies were conceived. RESULTS: The likelihood of pregnancy occurring in a single menstrual cycle was inversely associated with the 8-oxodG level (P < 0.01). The odds ratio of pregnancy in each of the first three or all six follow-up menstrual cycles was 0.42 (0.23-0.78; 95% CI) and 0.61 (0.36-0.91) per unit increase in the log 8-oxodG/100 000 dG ratio after adjustment for potential confounders, (including sperm concentration) respectively. The intra-individual coefficient of variation of 8-oxodG in 2-6 monthly repeated sperm samples from 116 men was 19% for the 8-oxodG/dG ratio, whereas the inter-individual coefficient of variation was 49%. The 8-oxodG level was not significantly associated with smoking, consumption of alcohol or caffeine, exposure to welding fumes or the plasma levels of sex hormones. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that oxidative damage to sperm DNA influences fecundity and the level of damage is relatively constant within an individual and not influenced by smoking.
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- Mabeck, LM, et al.
(författare)
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Fecundability according to male serum inhibin B - a prospective study among first pregnancy planners
- 2005
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 20:10, s. 2909-2915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: New biological markers of male fecundity are needed for use in large-scale epidemiological studies. We studied the association between male inhibin B and fecundability. METHODS: Four hundred and thirty Danish couples without previous reproductive experience were followed from termination of contraception until pregnancy or for a maximum of six menstrual cycles. At enrolment we obtained semen samples (n = 418) and blood samples to measure reproductive hormones, including inhibin B (n = 343). RESULTS: The fecundability odds ratio for an increment of male inhibin B by 1 log pg/ml was 1.428 (95% confidence interval 1.022-1.994), adjusted for factors influencing the crude estimate. Only inhibin B values below 100 pg/ml were strongly related to fecundability. We designed a receiver operating characteristic curve based on the 29 males with serum inhibin B <= 100 pg/ml. The area under the curve (AUC) for inhibin B was 0.787 and the corresponding AUCs for sperm density and FSH were 0.913 and 0.800, respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum inhibin B may be a reliable marker of male fecundity for epidemiological research and may have some advantages over sperm density. Our findings do not support the replacement of sperm density by male inhibin B when obtaining sperm data is an option.
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- Magnusson, LL, et al.
(författare)
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Paternal laboratory work and congenital malformations
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational and environmental medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1076-2752. ; 46:8, s. 761-767
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Spano, M, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to PCB and p,p '-DDE in European and Inuit populations: impact on human sperm chromatin integrity
- 2005
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 20:12, s. 3488-3499
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Persistent organochlorine pollutants ( POP), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), are widely found in the environment and considered potential endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC). Their impact on male fertility is still unknown. METHODS: To explore the hypothesis that POP is associated with altered sperm chromatin integrity, a cross-sectional study involving 707 adult males ( 193 Inuits from Greenland, 178 Swedish fishermen, 141 men from Warsaw, Poland, and 195 men from Kharkiv, Ukraine) was carried out. Serum levels of 2,2', 4,4', 5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153), as a proxy of the total PCB burden, and of p,p'-DDE were determined. Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) was used to assess sperm DNA/chromatin integrity. RESULTS: We found a strong and monotonically increasing DNA fragmentation index with increasing serum levels of CB-153 among European but not Inuit men, reaching a 60% higher average level in the highest exposure group. No significant associations were found between SCSA-derived parameters and p,p'-DDE serum concentrations. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that human dietary PCB exposure might have a negative impact on the sperm chromatin integrity of adult males but additional issues, including differences in the genetic background and lifestyle habits, still need to be elucidated.
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- Svendsen, SW, et al.
(författare)
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Work related shoulder disorders: quantitative exposure-response relations with reference to arm posture
- 2004
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1470-7926 .- 1351-0711. ; 61:10, s. 844-853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To determine quantitative exposure-response relations between work with highly elevated arms and supraspinatus tendinitis, shoulder pain with disability, and shoulder pain without disability. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a historical cohort of 1886 males from three occupational groups. Exposure measurements were performed for four consecutive working days in a random sample of 72 currently employed subjects. Individual work histories were obtained by questionnaire and register data. Health status was ascertained by physical examination blinded towards exposure and symptoms. Data were analysed by generalised estimating equation and multiple logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: For current upper arm elevation above 90degrees, a duration increment of 1% of the daily working hours was associated with odds ratios of 1.23 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.39) for supraspinatus tendinitis, 1.16 ( 95% CI 1.08 to 1.24) for shoulder pain with disability, and 1.08 ( 95% CI 1.04 to 1.13) for shoulder pain without disability. The outcomes were not related to duration of employment in one of the three trades. Conclusions: Quantitative exposure-response relations were established between current work with highly elevated arms and clinically verified shoulder disorders. Substantial long term cumulative effects were not shown. A potential for primary prevention was revealed.
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