| 1. |
- Hudson, Thomas J., et al.
(författare)
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International network of cancer genome projects
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 464:7291, s. 993-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was launched to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies in tumours from 50 different cancer types and/or subtypes that are of clinical and societal importance across the globe. Systematic studies of more than 25,000 cancer genomes at the genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic levels will reveal the repertoire of oncogenic mutations, uncover traces of the mutagenic influences, define clinically relevant subtypes for prognosis and therapeutic management, and enable the development of new cancer therapies.
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| 2. |
- Deane, C. S., et al.
(författare)
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Space omics research in Europe : Contributions, geographical distribution and ESA member state funding schemes
- 2022
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Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 25:3, s. 103920-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European research community, via European Space Agency (ESA) spaceflight opportunities, has significantly contributed toward our current understanding of spaceflight biology. Recent molecular biology experiments include “omic” analysis, which provides a holistic and systems level understanding of the mechanisms underlying phenotypic adaptation. Despite vast interest in, and the immense quantity of biological information gained from space omics research, the knowledge of ESA-related space omics works as a collective remains poorly defined due to the recent exponential application of omics approaches in space and the limited search capabilities of pre-existing records. Thus, a review of such contributions is necessary to clarify and promote the development of space omics among ESA and ESA state members. To address this gap, in this review, we i) identified and summarized omics works led by European researchers, ii) geographically described these omics works, and iii) highlighted potential caveats in complex funding scenarios among ESA member states.
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| 3. |
- Baroffio, C. A., et al.
(författare)
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Combining plant volatiles and pheromones to catch two insect pests in the same trap : Examples from two berry crops
- 2018
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Ingår i: Crop Protection. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0261-2194 .- 1873-6904. ; 109, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most horticultural crops are attacked by more than one insect pest. As broad-spectrum chemical control options are becoming increasingly restricted, there is a need to develop novel control methods. Semiochemical attractants are available for three important horticultural pests, strawberry blossom weevil, Anthonomus rubi Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), European tarnished plant bug, Lygus rugulipennis Poppius (Hemiptera: Miridae) and raspberry beetle, Byturus tomentostts deGeer (Coleoptera: Byturidae). Traps targeting more than one pest species would be more practical and economical for both monitoring and mass trapping than traps for single-species. In this study we aimed to (1) improve the effectiveness of existing traps for insect pests in strawberry and raspberry crops by increasing catches of each species, and (2) test if attractants for two unrelated pest species could be combined to capture both in the same trap without decreasing the total catches. Field tests were carried out in four European countries and different combinations of semiochemicals were compared. A volatile from strawberry flowers, 1,4 dimethoxybenzene (DMB), increased the attractiveness of the aggregation pheromone to both sexes of A. rubi. The host-plant volatile, phenylacetaldehyde (PAA), increased the attraction of female L. rugulipennis to the sex pheromone, and, in strawberry, there was some evidence that adding DMB increased catches further. Traps baited with the aggregation pheromone of A. rubi, DMB, the sex pheromone of L rugulipennis and PAA attracted both target species to the same trap with no significant difference in catches compared to those single-species traps. In raspberry, catches in traps baited with a combination of A. rubi aggregation pheromone, DMB and the commercially available lure for B. tomentosus, based on raspberry flower volatiles, were similar to those in single-species traps. In both crops the efficiency of the traps still needs improvement, but the multi species traps are adequate for monitoring and should not lead to confusion for the user as the target species are easy to distinguish from each other.
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| 4. |
- Baroffio, C. A., et al.
(författare)
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Management of insect pests using semiochemical traps
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 9789462611221 ; , s. 121-127
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the absence of effective control measures, the strawberry blossom weevil (Anthonomus rubi) (SBW) and the raspberry beetle (Byturus tomentosus) (RB) cause large (10 - >80%) losses in yield and quality in organically grown raspberry. Attractive lures for both pests were combined into a single multitrap for the economical management of both of these pests at the same time. This is one of the first approaches to pest management of non-lepidopteran insect pests of horticultural crops using semiochemicals in the EU, and probably the first to target multiple species from different insect orders. The aim is to develop optimized lures and cost-effective trap designs for mass trapping and to determine the optimum density and spatial and temporal patterns of deployment of the traps for controlling these pests by mass trapping. The combination between an aggregation pheromone that attracts Anthonomus rubi and a raspberry flower volatile that attracts Byturus tomentosus seems to be the best combination.
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| 5. |
- El-Seedi, Hesham R., et al.
(författare)
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Essential oils of aromatic Egyptian plants repel nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Acari : Ixodidae)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Experimental & applied acarology. - : Springer. - 0168-8162 .- 1572-9702. ; 73:1, s. 139-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the role of Ixodes ricinus (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) in the transmission of many serious pathogens, personal protection against bites of this tick is essential. In the present study the essential oils from 11 aromatic Egyptian plants were isolated and their repellent activity against I. ricinus nymphs was evaluated Three oils (i.e. Conyza dioscoridis L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso and Calendula officinalis L.) elicited high repellent activity in vitro of 94, 84.2 and 82%, respectively. The most active essential oil (C. dioscoridis) was applied in the field at a concentration of 6.5 A mu g/cm(2) and elicited a significant repellent activity against I. ricinus nymphs by 61.1%. The most repellent plants C. dioscoridis, C. officinalis and A. herba-alba yielded essential oils by 0.17, 0.11 and 0.14%, respectively. These oils were further investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. alpha-Cadinol (10.7%) and hexadecanoic acid (10.5%) were the major components of C. dioscoridis whereas in C. officinalis, alpha-cadinol (21.2%) and carvone (18.2%) were major components. Artemisia herba-alba contained piperitone (26.5%), ethyl cinnamate (9.5%), camphor (7.7%) and hexadecanoic acid (6.9%). Essential oils of these three plants have a potential to be used for personal protection against tick bites.
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| 6. |
- Lögdberg, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrocarbon production via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from H-2-poor syngas over different Fe-Co/gamma-Al2O3 bimetallic catalysts
- 2009
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373 .- 1873-3883. ; 89:1-2, s. 167-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) at 20 bar. and 483 K, with H-2-poor syngas (H-2/CO ratio = 1.0) in order to simulate gasified biomass, was performed over Al2O3-supported catalysts with various ratios of Fe:Co (12 wt% bimetal) prepared by co-impregnation. Co was found to be incorporated into the Fe2O3 phase after calcination, at least for the iron-rich samples, while no evidence of Fe incorporated into Co3O4 was found. Upon reduction, most probably FeCo alloys were formed in the iron-rich bimetallic samples. The degree of reduction of the catalysts showed a non-linear behavior with respect to the Fe:Co ratio, but it is obvious that Co increases the reducibility of Fe. Alloying Co with small/moderate amounts of Fe improved the FT activity compared to the 100% Co catalyst at low conversion levels. Alloying Fe with small/moderate amounts of Co lowered the FT activity, but increased the relative water-gas-shift (WGS) activity compared to the 100% Fe catalyst. However, the overall WGS activity was very low for all catalysts, even with external water addition to the feed, resulting in low FT productivities (per gram catalyst) due to the low partial pressure of H-2. A higher Fe:Co ratio in the bimetallic catalyst generally resulted in higher relative WGS activity, but did not lower the H-2/CO usage ratio to the desired value of 1.0. For the Fe-containing catalysts, the space-time yield of hydrocarbons (HCs) decreased with increasing partial pressure of water or reduced space velocity, indicating an inhibition of water on the FT activity, most often resulting in low FT productivity under the conditions with highest relative WGS activity (usage ratios closest to the inlet H-2/CO ratio). Moreover, the co-impregnation technique resulted in a surface enrichment of Fe, at least for the Co-rich samples, covering the Co sites. For the bimetallic catalysts, both FT and WGS activities rapidly declined at high partial pressure of water due to deactivation by oxidation and sintering. However, the results indicate that WGS and FT proceeded over sites of different nature in the bimetallic catalysts. The bimetallic catalysts showed essentially no synergy effects with respect to HC selectivities and olefin/paraffin ratios, which partly can be explained by the use of a sub-stoichiometric H-2/CO ratio as feed. The higher the Fe content, the lower were the C5+ selectivity and C-3 olefin/paraffin ratio. Water addition increased the C5+ selectivity and C-3 Olefin/paraffin ratio and reduced the CH4 selectivity.
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| 7. |
- Manzano, Aránzazu, et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing European capabilities for application of multi-omics studies in biology and biomedicine space research
- 2023
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Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 26:9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following on from the NASA twins’ study, there has been a tremendous interest in the use of omics techniques in spaceflight. Individual space agencies, NASA's GeneLab, JAXA's ibSLS, and the ESA-funded Space Omics Topical Team and the International Standards for Space Omics Processing (ISSOP) groups have established several initiatives to support this growth. Here, we present recommendations from the Space Omics Topical Team to promote standard application of space omics in Europe. We focus on four main themes: i) continued participation in and coordination with international omics endeavors, ii) strengthening of the European space omics infrastructure including workforce and facilities, iii) capitalizing on the emerging opportunities in the commercial space sector, and iv) capitalizing on the emerging opportunities in human subjects research.
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| 8. |
- Wiegerinck, W., et al.
(författare)
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BOVINOSE : Pheromone-based sensor system for detecting estrus in dairy cows
- 2011
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Ingår i: Procedia Comput. Sci.. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 340-342
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The BOVINOSE project (www.bovinose.eu) aims to develop an electronic nose to detect estrus in a dairy cow, and thus to determine the optimal timing of artificial insemination. The physical principle is based on detection of sex pheromones that are secreted by the cow, exclusively during estrus. These pheromones are the natural olfactory signal for the bull that the cow is in heat. This technology aims to help the dairy farmers in the EU, the vast majority being micro-enterprises run as family businesses.
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| 9. |
- Almquist, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Host selection in Tomicus piniperda L. : Composition of monoterpene hydrocarbons in relation to attack frequency in the shoot feeding phase
- 2006
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0939-5075. ; 61:5-6, s. 439-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the host selection capacity of the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda, in the shoot-feeding phase and analyze the chiral and non-chiral host volatiles by means of GC-MS and 2D-GC in five Pinus species originating from France (Pinus sylvestris, P. halepensis, P. nigra laricio, P. pinaster maritima, P. pinaster mesogeensis). Dominating monoterpenes were (-)-α-pinene, (+)-α-pinene, (-)-β-pinene and (+)-3-carene. The amounts of the enantiomers varied considerably within and among the species. In a principal component analysis-plot, based on the absolute amounts of 18 monoterpene hydrocarbons, separation of the pine species into two groups was obtained. P. halepensis and P. sylvestris were grouped according to the amount of (+)-α-pinene and (+)-3-carene, while P. nigra laricio, P. pinaster maritima and P. pinaster mesogeensis were grouped according to (-)-α-pinene and (-)-β-pinene. P. nigra laricio was the species most attacked and P. halepensis the one least attacked by T. piniperda.
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| 10. |
- Amft, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A Molecular Mechanism for the Water-Hydroxyl Balance during Wetting of TiO2
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 117:33, s. 17078-17083
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that the formation of the wetting layer and the experimentally observed continuous shift of the H2O-OH balance toward molecular water at increasing coverage on a TiO2(110) surface can be rationalized on a molecular level. The mechanism is based on the initial formation of stable hydroxyl pairs, a repulsive interaction between these pairs, and an attractive interaction with respect to water molecules. The experimental data are obtained by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and interpreted with the aid of density functional theory calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.
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