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Sökning: WFRF:(Brandt Peter) > Örebro universitet

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1.
  • Bergman, Åke, et al. (författare)
  • Manufacturing doubt about endocrine disrupter science : A rebuttal of industry-sponsored critical comments on the UNEP/WHO report "State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals 2012"
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology. - : Academic Press. - 0273-2300 .- 1096-0295. ; 73:3, s. 1007-1017
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present a detailed response to the critique of "State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals 2012" (UNEP/WHO, 2013) by financial stakeholders, authored by Lamb et al. (2014). Lamb et al.'s claim that UNEP/WHO (2013) does not provide a balanced perspective on endocrine disruption is based on incomplete and misleading quoting of the report through omission of qualifying statements and inaccurate description of study objectives, results and conclusions. Lamb et al. define extremely narrow standards for synthesizing evidence which are then used to dismiss the UNEP/WHO 2013 report as flawed. We show that Lamb et al. misuse conceptual frameworks for assessing causality, especially the Bradford-Hill criteria, by ignoring the fundamental problems that exist with inferring causality from empirical observations. We conclude that Lamb et al.'s attempt of deconstructing the UNEP/WHO (2013) report is not particularly erudite and that their critique is not intended to be convincing to the scientific community, but to confuse the scientific data. Consequently, it promotes misinterpretation of the UNEP/WHO (2013) report by non-specialists, bureaucrats, politicians and other decision makers not intimately familiar with the topic of endocrine disruption and therefore susceptible to false generalizations of bias and subjectivity.
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2.
  • Bergman, Åke, et al. (författare)
  • Science and policy on endocrine disrupters must not be mixed : a reply to a "common sense" intervention by toxicology journal editors
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Environmental Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-069X. ; 12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The "common sense" intervention by toxicology journal editors regarding proposed European Union endocrine disrupter regulations ignores scientific evidence and well-established principles of chemical risk assessment. In this commentary, endocrine disrupter experts express their concerns about a recently published, and is in our considered opinion inaccurate and factually incorrect, editorial that has appeared in several journals in toxicology. Some of the shortcomings of the editorial are discussed in detail. We call for a better founded scientific debate which may help to overcome a polarisation of views detrimental to reaching a consensus about scientific foundations for endocrine disrupter regulation in the EU.
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3.
  • Fernström, Maria, 1960-, et al. (författare)
  • Improved Muscle Mitochondrial Capacity Following Gastric Bypass Surgery in Obese Subjects
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Obesity Surgery. - New York, USA : Springer. - 0960-8923 .- 1708-0428. ; 26:7, s. 1391-1397
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Weight loss resulting from low-calorie diets is often less than expected. We hypothesized that energy restriction would influence proton leakage and improve mitochondrial efficiency, leading to reduced energy expenditure, partly explaining the difficulties in weight loss maintenance.Methods: Eleven women with a median BMI of 38.5 kg/m(2) (q-range 37-40), and referred to gastric bypass surgery participated. Before surgery, and at 6 months of follow-up, muscle biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis muscle. Mitochondria were isolated and analyzed for coupled (state 3) and uncoupled (state 4) respiration and mitochondrial capacity (P/O ratio).Results: At follow-up, the participants had a median BMI of 29.6 kg/m(2) (28.3-32.0). State 3 increased from 20.6 (17.9-28.9) to 34.9 nmol O2/min/U citrate synthase (CS) (27.0-49.0), p = 0.01, while state 4 increased from 2.8 (1.8-4.2) to 4.2 nmol O2/min/U CS (3.1-6.1), although not statistically significant. The P/O ratio increased from 2.7 (2.5-2.8) to 3.2 (3.0-3.4), p = 0.02, indicating improved mitochondrial efficiency.Conclusions: Six months after gastric bypass surgery, the mitochondrial capacity for coupled, i.e., ATP-generating, respiration increased, and the P/O ratio improved. Uncoupled respiration was not enhanced to the same extent. This could partly explain the decreased basal metabolism and the reduced inclination for weight loss during energy restriction.
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