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- Brante, Göran, 1951-
(författare)
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In what ways can Lesson Studies, Variation Theory and Learning Studies help pre-service teachers to be better prepared for work?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Abstracts book. ; , s. 1-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Education is a complex and difficult work. It is an immense responsibility to take care of the society’s young members and help them develop the necessary knowledge and required abilities essential for life in society. During the last centuries different theories and methods have been developed to help teachers to be prepared for the educational activity. Simultaneously we have seen that one problem for education and teachers is the gap between theory and practice, which perhaps has always been an issue. Two models to test and discuss teaching, learning and to accomplish a way to help learners are lesson and learning study. Lesson study is a method mostly used by experienced teachers to develop teaching regarding certain topics, to meet curriculum goals to help learners take initiative or develop certain learning prerequisites. Lesson studies are accomplished through research lessons in different forms, but all these build on teacher collaboration, self-critical reflection, and are in certain ways connected to demands from curriculum. Learning study, based on variation theory, is inspired from lesson study and design experiments. In learning studies researchers and teachers collaborate concerning targeted objects of learning and how to best help students to discern these. The theoretical base of variation theory guides teaching and learning, which focuses on the object of learning and how it should be varied, instead of focusing on the method or the context. Both models have shown positive results in practice. They definitely enhance teachers’, researchers’, and students’ knowledge as well as develop learning and teaching. But in what way can they enhance pre-service teachers in their knowledge about their upcoming practice? If you have tools helping you to understand or handle the somewhat difficult and complicated situation at school, your ability to do this in a more powerful way increases. This has been shown in the results of several studies of lesson and learning study, but what aspects are critical to such an increase and in what way can these models or this theory also be used in teacher education?
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| 2. |
- Holmqvist, Mona, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Defining an object of learning and the forms it appears in : the intended, enacted and lived object of learning in a learning situation
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 4<sup>th</sup> International Multi-Conference on Society, Cybernetics and Informatics. Proceedings Volume I. - Winter Garden, FL, USA : International Institute of Informatics and Systematics. - 9781936338054 ; , s. 2-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to describe in what ways the object of learning changes shape during its way from the intended (planned), enacted (offered) and lived (discerned) object of learning. The study is based on variation theory, and learning study is used as a model. A total of three preschool teachers, 39 children aged 4-5 years and three researchers participated in the study. Three interventions were carried out in three different groups of children (A, B and C) by three preschool teachers. The data consist of video-dcumented meetings with the preschool teachers and researchers, interviews with the children in the form of pre-, post- and delayed post-tests and video-documented interventions (3). The results show (a) how the teachers' focus on aspects concerning the object of learning and aspects not concerning the object of learning affects learning possibilities. The results also show (b) a discrepancy between the children's possibilities to learn adn what the preschool teachers intend to offer them to learn. Finally, the results show (c) how the preschool teachers' understanding of childrens learning sometimes makes them use other words than the appropriate ones to make the intervention funnier or more interesting.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Holmqvist, Mona, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Using variation theory to analyze what preschool children experience exemplified by wholes and parts as the object of learning
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 4<sup>th</sup> International Multi-Conference on Society, Cybernetics and Informatics. Proceedings Volume I. - Winter Garden, FL, USA : International Institute of Informatics and Systematics. - 9781936338054 ; , s. 8-11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preschool children's learning is the subject of this study. Three children aged 4, 5 and 6 participated. The data consists of individual interviews with the children before and after the intervention and a videotaped intervention. Our results show that children seem to see a whole as something that is not cut into pieces, no matter what i looks like. They do not necessarily refer to the whole when they see a half, nor do they imagine the halves or quarters in a whole that is not cut into pieces. On the other hand, if they see halves they do not have any difficulty putting them together into a whole, but this happens when they can see the material in front of them. The results reveal some interesting findings, pointing at the natural flexibility small children have in discerning a half in relation to a whole insteac of in relation to a representation (like a full circle). On the other hand - the children show difficulties in seeing what parts a whole can be divided into. This is the other way around, as children in higher grades with a view of the circle as the correct representation of a whole, which sometimes makes it hard to manage problem solving at higher grades where flexibility in how to understand proportions is needed.
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