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- Elmstedt, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Reference values for fetal tissue velocity imaging and a new approach to evaluate fetal myocardial function
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Ultrasound. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-7120. ; 11:1, s. 29-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Myocardial function can be evaluated using color-coded tissue velocity imaging (TVI) to analyze the longitudinal myocardial velocity profile, and by expressing the motion of the atrioventricular plane during a cardiac cycle as coordinated events in the cardiac state diagram (CSD). The objective of this study was to establish gestational age specific reference values for fetal TVI measurements and to introduce the CSD as a potential aid in fetal myocardial evaluation. Methods: TVI recordings from 125 healthy fetuses, at 18 to 42 weeks of gestation, were performed with the transducer perpendicular to the apex to provide a four-chamber view. The myocardial velocity data was extracted from the basal segment of septum as well as the left and right ventricular free wall for subsequent offline analysis. Results: During a cardiac cycle the longitudinal peak velocities of septum increased with gestational age, as did the peak velocities of the left and right ventricular free wall, except for the peak velocity of post ejection. The duration of rapid filling and atrial contraction increased during pregnancy while the duration of post ejection decreased. The duration of pre ejection and ventricular ejection did not change significantly with gestational age. Conclusion: Evaluating fetal systolic and diastolic performance using TVI together with CSD could contribute to increase the knowledge and understanding of fetal myocardial function and dysfunction. The pre and post ejection phases are the variables most likely to indicate fetuses with abnormal myocardial function.
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| 2. |
- Hashemi, Nashmil, et al.
(författare)
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Right ventricular mechanics and contractility after aortic valve replacement surgery : a randomised study comparing minimally invasive versus conventional approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: Open heart. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2053-3624. ; 5:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Minimally invasive aortic valve replacementsurgery (MIAVR) is an alternative surgical technique to conventional aortic valve replacement surgery (AVR) in selected patients. The randomised study Cardiac Function after Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Implantation (CMILE) showed that right ventricular (RV) longitudinal function was reduced after both MIAVR and AVR, but the reduction was more pronounced following AVR. However, postoperative global RV function was equally impaired in both groups. The purpose of this study was to explore alterations in RV mechanics and contractility following MIAVR as compared with AVR. Methods A predefined post hoc analysis of CMILE consisting of 40 patients with severe aortic valve stenosis who were eligible for isolated surgical aortic valve replacement were randomised to MIAVR or AVR. RV function was assessed by echocardiography prior to surgery and 40 days post-surgery. Results Comparing preoperative to postoperative values, RV longitudinal strain rate was preserved following MIAVR (-1.5 +/- 0.5 vs -1.5 +/- 0.4 1/s, p=0.84) but declined following AVR (-1.7 +/- 0.3 vs -1.4 +/- 0.3 its, p<0.01). RV longitudinal strain reduced following AVR (-27.4 +/- 2.9% vs -18.8%+/- 4.7%, p<0.001) and MIAVR (-26.5 +/- 5.3% vs -20.7%+/- 4.5%, p<0.01). Peak systolic velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus reduced by 36.6% in the AVR group (9.3 +/- 2.1 vs 5.9 +/- 1.5 cm/s, p<0.01) and 18.8% in the MIAVR group (10.1 +/- 2.9 vs 8.2 +/- 1.4 cm/s, p<0.01) when comparing preoperative values with postoperative values. Conclusions RV contractility was preserved following MIAVR but was deteriorated following AVR. RV longitudinal function reduced substantially following AVR. A decline in RV longitudinal function was also observed following MIAVR, however, to a much lesser extent.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Johnson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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The early diastolic myocardial velocity : A marker of increased risk in patients with coronary heart disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 34:5, s. 389-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a promising echocardiographic modality allowing quantification of myocardial performance. However, the prognostic potential of TDI in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not yet investigated. We sought to explore the ability of TDI in identifying patients at risk for new cardiovascular events after AMI. Methods: One hundred and nineteen patients with AMI were recruited prospectively (mean age 61 years; range 32-81 years of age). Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were excluded. Echocardiography was performed 3-12 months after AMI. Two-dimensional (2-D) and TDI variables were recorded. The patients were followed during a mean period of 4·6 years (range 1-8 years). The primary end-point was defined as any of the following: death from any cause, non-fatal reinfarction or stroke, unstable angina pectoris, congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization and coronary revascularization procedure. Results: Thirty patients had some form of cardiovascular events during follow-up. Seven patients had cardiovascular death, 13 patients had reinfarction and four patients had a stroke. New angina or unstable angina was recorded in 21 patients. Of these patients, 13 underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The early diastolic myocardial velocity (Em) emerged as the only echocardiographic variable that offered a clear differentiation between patients that presented with new cardiovascular (CV) events as compared to the corresponding group without any CV events at follow-up (P<0·05). In multivariate statistical analysis and after adjustment for age, sex, total cholesterol, body mass index (BMI) and other baseline characteristics, Em remained as independent predictors of CV events (HR, 1·18, 95% CI, 1·02-1·36; P<0·05). However, none of the investigated variables evolved as an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: Em appears to be a sensitive echocardiographic index in identifying non-diabetic patients with AMI at risk of new cardiovascular events.
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| 5. |
- Wagstrom, Elle, et al.
(författare)
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The Cardiac State Diagram As A Novel Approach For The Evaluation Of Pre- And Post-Ejection Phases Of The Cardiac Cycle In Asphyxiated Fetal Lambs
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-5629 .- 1879-291X. ; 39:9, s. 1682-1687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate myocardial wall motion using echocardiography and color-coded tissue velocity imaging and to generate a cardiac state diagram for evaluation of the duration of the pre- and post-ejection phases in asphyxiated fetal lambs. Six near-term lambs were partly exteriorized and brought to cardiac arrest through asphyxia. Echocardiography measurements were recorded simultaneously with arterial blood sampling for lactate and blood gases. All fetal lambs exhibited prolongation of the pre- and post-ejection phases at the time when the most pronounced changes in lactate concentration and pH occurred. The mean change in duration of the pre- and post-ejection phases for all fetal lambs was 36 +/- 7 ms (p < 0.002) and 77 +/- 17 ms (p < 0.019), respectively, and the percentage change was 50% (p < 0.001) and 38% (p < 0.049), respectively. As asphyxia progressed in fetal lambs, the duration of the pre- and post-ejection phases increased. The cardiac state diagram has the potential to be a comprehensible tool for detecting fetal asphyxia. (E-mail: elle.wagstrom@karolinska.se) (C) 2013 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.
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