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- Månsson, Anne, et al.
(author)
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NOD-like receptors in the human upper airways: a potential role in nasal polyposis.
- 2011
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In: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 66, s. 621-628
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To cite this article: Månsson A, Bogefors J, Cervin A, Uddman R, Cardell LO. NOD-like receptors in the human upper airways: a potential role in nasal polyposis. Allergy 2010; DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02527.x. ABSTRACT: Background: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are newly discovered cytosolic receptors belonging to the pattern-recognition receptor family. They detect various pathogen-associated molecular patterns, triggering an immune response. The knowledge about these receptors, and their role in health and disease, is limited. The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression of NOD1, NOD2, and NALP3 in the human upper airways. Methods: Surgical samples were obtained from patients with tonsillar disease (n = 151), hypertrophic adenoids (n = 9), and nasal polyposis (n = 24). Nasal biopsies were obtained from healthy volunteers (n = 10). The expression of NOD1, NOD2, and NALP3 was analyzed using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results: Expression of NOD1, NOD2, and NALP3 mRNA and protein were seen in all tissue specimens. The NLR mRNA was found to be higher in nasal polyps than in normal nasal mucosa, and local steroid treatment reduced the NLR expression in polyps. In contrast, tonsillar infection with Streptococcus pyogenes or Haemophilus influenzae did not affect the NLR expression. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the presence of NLRs in several upper airway tissues and highlights a potential role of NLRs in chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps.
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- Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, et al.
(author)
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Multi-Disciplinary Expert Perspective on the Management of Type 2 Inflammation-Driven Severe CRSwNP : A Brief Overview of Pathophysiology and Recent Clinical Insights
- 2024
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In: Journal of Asthma and Allergy. - 1178-6965. ; 17, s. 431-439
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a disabling airway disease that significantly impacts patients’ lives through the severity of symptoms, the need for long-term medical treatment and the high risk of recurrence post-surgery. Biological agents targeting type 2 immune responses underlying the pathogenesis of CRSwNP have shown effectiveness in reducing polyp size and eosinophilic infiltrate, and in decreasing the need for additional sinus surgeries. However, despite recent progress in understanding and treating the disease, type 2 inflammation-driven severe CRSwNP continues to pose challenges to clinical management due to several factors such as persistent inflammation, polyp recurrence, heterogeneity of disease, and comorbidities. This article presents the findings of a scientific discussion involving a panel of ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialists and pulmonologists across Sweden and Finland. The discussion aimed to explore current management practices for type 2 inflammation-driven severe CRSwNP in the Nordic region. The main topics examined encompassed screening and referral, measurements of disease control, treatment goals, and future perspectives. The experts emphasized the importance of a collaborative approach in the management of this challenging patient population. The discussion also revealed a need to broaden treatment options for patients with type 2 inflammation-driven CRSwNP and comorbid conditions with shared type 2 pathophysiology. In light of the supporting evidence, a shift in the disease model from the presence of polyps to that of type 2 inflammation may be warranted. Overall, this discussion provides valuable insights for the scientific community and can potentially guide the future management of CRSwNP.
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