| 1. |
- Hägg, Daniel, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxidized LDL induces a coordinated up-regulation of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems in human macrophages.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 185:2, s. 282-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using DNA microarray analysis, we found that human macrophages respond to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by activating the antioxidative glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Several genes of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems were expressed at high levels in macrophages when compared to 80 other human tissues and cell types, indicating that these systems may be of particular importance in macrophages. The up-regulation of three genes in these systems, thioredoxin (P < 0.005), thioredoxin reductase 1 (P < 0.001) and glutathione reductase (P < 0.001) was verified with real-time RT-PCR, using human macrophages from 10 healthy donors. To investigate the possible role of these antioxidative systems in the development of atherosclerosis, expression levels in macrophages from 15 subjects with atherosclerosis (12 men, 3 women) and 15 matched controls (12 men, 3 women) were analyzed using DNA microarrays. Two genes in the glutathione system Mn superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05) and catalase (P < 0.05) differed in expression between the groups. We conclude that macrophage uptake of oxidized LDL induces a coordinated up-regulation of genes of the glutathione and thioredoxin systems, suggesting that these systems may participate in the cellular defense against oxidized LDL and possibly modulate the development of atherosclerosis.
|
|
| 2. |
- Persson, Bertil R, et al.
(författare)
-
Radioactivity Exploration from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Part 1: Introduction
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Radioactivity Exploration from the Arctic to the Antarctic.. - 1651-5013. ; 2015-002, s. 1-4
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book is dedicated to professor emeritus Bengt Forkman (Nuclear Physics, Lund University) who in 1979 took the initiative to arrange an environmental radioactivity research program for the Ymer-80 expedition. He engaged his old friend Bertil Persson whom he during the 1960th inspired to university studies in Lund who just been promoted to professor of Radioecology at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala. Bertil Persson was tutor for Elis Holm at Lund University, who for his thesis was engaged in radiochemical analysis of plutonium isotopes in the environment. Elis Holm became deeply involved in management of Ymer-80 and all the following expeditions as well. We found a superior talent for the logistics in Kjell-Åke Carlsson (who was mechanical engineer at the department of radiation physics at Lund University). Without him, we would not have been able to solve all the thousands of practical issues and contacts with authorities and sponsors. He also contributed with the diaries extensive photographic and video documentation of all the expeditions. We have together compiled this book although several others were partly engaged in the various expeditions to whom we are deeply thankful for their contributions. They will appear as contributors in the separate parts of this book: 1. Ymer-80 (Bengt Forkman, Boel Forkman, Lars Ahlgren (diseased) 2. Swedarp 1988-1989 (Per Roos, Birgitta Roos) 3. Arctic Ocean 1991 4. Tundra Expedition 5. Arctic Ocean 1996 (Dan Josefsson, Mats Ericsson)
|
|
| 3. |
- Persson, Bertil R, et al.
(författare)
-
Radioactivity exploration from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Part 4: The Arctic Ocean-91 expedition
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Acta Scientiarum Lundensia. - 1651-5013. ; 2015:005, s. 1-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Arctic Ocean expedition in 1991 with the Swedish icebreaker M/S Oden was focused on oceanography and geology. The aim of our project was exploring the activity concentrations in surface air of 7Be, 210Pb. and 210Po in the surface air, radioactive isotopes of Caesium (134Cs, 137Cs) and plutonium (239+240Pu) in seawater. During the cruise in the Arctic Ocean during 1991-07-28 to 1991-10-04 the average activity concentrations in surface air of 7Be was 0.6±0.4 mBq.m-3 , 210Pb 46±34 microBq.m-3 and 210Po 37±23 microBq.m-3 The activity concentration of 137Cs in the surface of the Arctic Ocean was in the range of 8-12 Bq.m-3. When crossing the Nansen basin the activity concentration of 137Cs increased to about 18 Bq.m-3 at 88 °N 80 °E, and there was an accumulation of 137Cs in an area around at 88 °N and 80-100 °E and locally increased activity at 83 °N 10 °E. The 134Cs/137Cs activity ratios was about 0.02 due to the contribution mainly from Sellafield and a few percent contribution from Chernobyl. The 134Cs/137Cs activity ratio decreased to about 0.002-0.005 in areas of high 137Cs activity concentration which exclude contribution of 134Cs of nuclear reactor fuel. The activity concentration of 239+240Pu in the surface of the Arctic Ocean was in the range of 6 - 8 mBq.m-3. But locally the activity concentration of 239+240Pu was found to be increased to 11 mBq.m-3 at 86°N 48-53°E, and to 16 mBq.m-3 at 83°N 10°E.
|
|
| 4. |
- Svensson, Per-Arne, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Copper induces the expression of cholesterogenic genes in human macrophages.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 0021-9150. ; 169:1, s. 71-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulation of lipids and cholesterol by macrophages and subsequent transformation into foam cells are key features in development of atherosclerosis. Serum copper concentrations have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism behind the proatherogenic effect of copper is not clear. We used DNA microarrays to define the changes in gene expression profile in response to copper exposure of human macrophages. Expression monitoring by DNA microarray revealed 91 genes that were regulated. Copper increased the expression of seven cholesterogenic genes (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) synthase, IPP isomerase, squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, methyl sterol oxidase, H105e3 mRNA and sterol-C5-desaturase) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R), and decreased the expression of CD36 and lipid binding proteins. The expression of LDL-R and HMG CoA reductase was also investigated using real time PCR. The expression of both of these genes was increased after copper treatment of macrophages (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). We conclude that copper activates cholesterogenic genes in macrophages, which may provide a mechanism for the association between copper and atherosclerosis. The effect of copper on cholesterogenic genes may also have implications for liver steatosis in early stages of Wilson's disease.
|
|
| 5. |
- Svensson, Per Anders, 1959, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of genes predominantly expressed in human macrophages
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. ; 177, s. 287-290
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identification of cell and tissue specific genes may provide novel insights to signaling systems and functions. Macrophages play a key role in many diseases including atherosclerosis. Using DNA microarrays we compared the expression of approximately 10,000 genes in 56 human tissues and identified 23 genes with predominant expression in macrophages. The identified genes include both genes known to be macrophage specific and genes previously not well described in this cell type. Tissue distribution of two genes, liver X receptor (LXR) alpha and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN), was verified by real-time RT-PCR. We conclude that comparison of expression profiles from a large number of tissues can be used to identify genes that are predominantly expressed in certain tissues. Identification of novel macrophage specific genes may increase our understanding of the role of this cell in different diseases.
|
|
| 6. |
- Svensson, Per-Arne, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Major role of HSP70 as a paracrine inducer of cytokine production in human oxidized LDL treated macrophages.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 185:1, s. 32-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipid accumulation and inflammation are key hallmarks of the atherosclerotic plaque and macrophage uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is believed to drive these processes. Initial experiments show that supernatants from oxLDL treated macrophages could induce IL-1beta production in naïve macrophages. To search for potential paracrine mediators that could mediate this effect a DNA microarray scan of oxLDL treated human macrophages was performed. This analysis revealed that oxLDL induced activation of heat shock protein (HSP) expression. HSPs have been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, but the exact mechanisms for this is unclear. Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been shown to elicit a pro-inflammatory cytokine response in monocytes and could therefore be a potential paracrine pro-inflammatory mediator. After 24 h of oxLDL treatment there was a significant increase of HSP70 concentrations in supernatants from oxLDL treated macrophages (oxLDLsup) compared to untreated controls (P<0.05). OxLDLsup could induce both interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-12 secretion in naïve macrophages. We also demonstrate that the effect of oxLDLsup on cytokine production and release could be blocked by inhibition of HSP70 transcription or secretion or by the use of HSP70 neutralizing antibodies. This suggests that extracellular HSP70 can mediate pro-inflammatory changes in macrophages in response to oxLDL.
|
|
| 7. |
- Svensson, Per-Arne, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Regulation and splicing of scavenger receptor class B type I in human macrophages and atherosclerotic plaques
- 2005
-
Ingår i: BMC Cardiovasc Disord. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2261. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The protective role of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the cardiovascular system is related to its role in the reverse transport of cholesterol from the arterial wall to the liver for subsequent excretion via the bile. Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) binds HDL and mediates selective uptake of cholesterol ester and cellular efflux of cholesterol to HDL. The role of SR-BI in atherosclerosis has been well established in murine models but it remains unclear whether SR-BI plays an equally important role in atherosclerosis in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of SR-BI and its isoforms in human macrophages and atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS: The effect of hypoxia and minimally modified low-density lipoprotein (mmLDL), two proatherogenic stimuli, on SR-BI expression was studied in human monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy subjects using real-time PCR. In addition, SR-BI expression was determined in macrophages obtained from subjects with atherosclerosis (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 15). Expression of SR-BI isoforms was characterized in human atherosclerotic plaques and macrophages using RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: SR-BI expression was decreased in macrophages after hypoxia (p < 0.005). In contrast, SR-BI expression was increased by exposure to mmLDL (p < 0.05). There was no difference in SR-BI expression in macrophages from patients with atherosclerosis compared to controls. In both groups, SR-BI expression was increased by exposure to mmLDL (p < 0.05). Transcripts corresponding to SR-BI and SR-BII were detected in macrophages. In addition, a third isoform, referred to as SR-BIII, was discovered. All three isoforms were also expressed in human atherosclerotic plaque. Compared to the other isoforms, the novel SR-BIII isoform was predicted to have a unique intracellular C-terminal domain containing 53 amino acids. CONCLUSION: We conclude that SR-BI is regulated by proatherogenic stimuli in humans. However, we found no differences between subjects with atherosclerosis and healthy controls. This indicates that altered SR-BI expression is not a common cause of atherosclerosis. In addition, we identified SR-BIII as a novel isoform expressed in human macrophages and in human atherosclerotic plaques.
|
|
| 8. |
- Abrahamsson, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Changes of visual function and visual ability in daily life following cataract surgery
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1395-3907 .- 1600-0420. ; 74:1, s. 69-73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a prospective study of 56 patients aged 70 to 79 years undergoing cataract surgery, in order to determine the impact of surgery on subjective and objective measurements of visual ability. In 46 cases we could obtain all necessary data. Binocular visual acuity, near vision and contrast sensitivity improved due to surgery. Self-assessed ability to perform visually related tasks was examined in form of a questionnaire. The results show that there was no simple relationship between objective measurements and perceived visual ability. An impairment in preoperative visual acuity cannot be related to a specific loss of visual ability. In order to increase the quality of cataract surgery more subtly, subjective aspects of vision must be taken into consideration when operation is decided upon and in the evaluation of the results.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
-
Luftföroreningar vid svetsning
- 1977
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PIXE-analyser kan utföras med utvecklad analysuppställning med noggrannhet och precision av c:a 10 % och med hög analyskapacitet. Ett dataprogram för evaluering av räntgenspektra presenteras. Inverkan av provtjocklek vid PIXE-analys av inhomogena prov har studerats och korrektioner föreslås. Fluorinnehållet i filterprov har bestämts, samtidigt med PIXE-analys, genom utnyttjande av en kärnfysikalisk reaktion som ger resultat med god noggrannhet och precision. Svetsaerosoler har karakteriserats m.h.a. PIXE, ESCA och TEM/EDAX. En uppställning för insamling av svetsaerosoler under utveckling och hittillsvarande resultat indikerar representativ provinsamling med god reproducerbarhet.
|
|
