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- Lakens, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Justify your alpha
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2397-3374. ; 2:3, s. 168-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to recommendations to redefine statistical significance to P ≤ 0.005, we propose that researchers should transparently report and justify all choices they make when designing a study, including the alpha level.
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- Grindborg, J.-E., et al.
(författare)
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Nanodosimetric measurements and calculations in a neutron therapy beam
- 2007
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Ingår i: Radiation Protection Dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 126:1-4, s. 463-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comparison of calculated and measured values of the dose mean lineal energy (yD) for the former neutron therapy beam at Louvain-la-Neuve is reported. The measurements were made with wall-less tissue-equivalent proportional counters using the variance-covariance method and simulating spheres with diameters between 10 nm and 15 µm. The calculated yD-values were obtained from simulated energy distributions of neutrons and charged particles inside an A-150 phantom and from published yD-values for mono-energetic ions. The energy distributions of charged particles up to oxygen were determined with the SHIELD-HIT code using an MCNPX simulated neutron spectrum as an input. The mono-energetic ion yD-values in the range 3-100 nm were taken from track-structure simulations in water vapour done with PITS/KURBUC. The large influence on the dose mean lineal energy from the light ion (A > 4) absorbed dose fraction, may explain an observed difference between experiment and calculation. The latter being larger than earlier reported result. Below 50 nm, the experimental values increase while the calculated decrease. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
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- Lillhök, J E, et al.
(författare)
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Nanodosimetry in a clinical neutron therapy beam using the variance-covariance method and Monte Carlo simulations.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : IOP. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 52:16, s. 4953-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nanodosimetric single-event distributions or their mean values may contribute to a better understanding of how radiation induced biological damages are produced. They may also provide means for radiation quality characterization in therapy beams. Experimental nanodosimetry is however technically challenging and Monte Carlo simulations are valuable as a complementary tool for such investigations. The dose-mean lineal energy was determined in a therapeutic p(65)+Be neutron beam and in a Co-60 gamma. beam using low-pressure gas detectors and the variance-covariance method. The neutron beam was simulated using the condensed history Monte Carlo codes MCNPX and SHIELD-HIT. The dose-mean lineal energy was calculated using the simulated dose and fluence spectra together with published data from track-structure simulations. A comparison between simulated and measured results revealed some systematic differences and different dependencies on the simulated object size. The results show that both experimental and theoretical approaches are needed for an accurate dosimetry in the nanometer region. In line with previously reported results, the dose-mean lineal energy determined at 10 nm was shown to be related to clinical RBE values in the neutron beam and in a simulated 175 MeV proton beam as well.
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- Rachmeler, L. A., et al.
(författare)
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Quiet Sun Center to Limb Variation of the Linear Polarization Observed by CLASP2 Across the Mg ıı h and k Lines
- 2022
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 936:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CLASP2 (Chromospheric LAyer Spectro-Polarimeter 2) sounding rocket mission was launched on 2019 April 11. CLASP2 measured the four Stokes parameters of the Mg ıı h and k spectral region around 2800 Å along a 200'' slit at three locations on the solar disk, achieving the first spatially and spectrally resolved observations of the solar polarization in this near-ultraviolet region. The focus of the work presented here is the center-to-limb variation of the linear polarization across these resonance lines, which is produced by the scattering of anisotropic radiation in the solar atmosphere. The linear polarization signals of the Mg ıı h and k lines are sensitive to the magnetic field from the low to the upper chromosphere through the Hanle and magneto-optical effects. We compare the observations to theoretical predictions from radiative transfer calculations in unmagnetized semiempirical models, arguing that magnetic fields and horizontal inhomogeneities are needed to explain the observed polarization signals and spatial variations. This comparison is an important step in both validating and refining our understanding of the physical origin of these polarization signatures, and also in paving the way toward future space telescopes for probing the magnetic fields of the solar upper atmosphere via ultraviolet spectropolarimetry.
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- Carlsson, A C, et al.
(författare)
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Poor self-rated health is not associated with a high total allostatic load in type 2 diabetic patients--but high blood pressure is
- 2011
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Ingår i: Diabetes & Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1262-3636 .- 1878-1780. ; 37:5, s. 446-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Allostatic load has been linked to self-rated health (SRH), cardiovascular disease and mortality in non-diabetic individuals. The aim of this study was to construct an allostatic load score and to find any correlations with SRH. METHODS: The subjects included in the study came from a randomized, controlled trial of type 2 diabetes. Blood samples were drawn, urine was collected for 24h, and questionnaires, including SRH, were filled out on three occasions: at baseline; after the 10-week intervention; and at a follow-up 3 months after the intervention. Allostatic load was estimated using a wide range of variables, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, cortisol, catecholamines, HbA(1c), insulin, plasma glucose and waist circumference. RESULTS: There was no association between SRH and allostatic load. However, three other components were significantly correlated with allostatic load at the baseline investigation and the two follow-up investigations - namely, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and HbA(1c). CONCLUSION: The absence of an association between allostatic load and SRH in diabetic individuals contrasts with previous findings in non-diabetic women, and shows that it is hazardous to apply findings in one population to another, especially diabetic and non-diabetic populations.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Mikael A., et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of short neuropeptide F and its receptor in neuronal circuits related to feeding in larval Drosophila
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cell and Tissue Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0302-766X .- 1432-0878. ; 353:3, s. 511-523
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four forms of short neuropeptide F (sNPF1-4), derived from the gene snpf, have been identified in Drosophila and are known to act on a single G-protein-coupled receptor (sNPFR). Several functions have been suggested for sNPFs in Drosophila, including the regulation of feeding and growth in larvae, the control of insulin signalling and the modulation of neuronal circuits in adult flies. Furthermore, sNPF has been shown to act as a nutritional state-dependent neuromodulator in the olfactory system. The role of sNPF in the larval nervous system is less well known. To analyse sites of action of sNPF in the larva, we mapped the distribution of sNPF- and sNPFR-expressing neurons. In particular, we studied circuits associated with chemosensory inputs and systems involved in the regulation of feeding, including neurosecretory cell systems and the hypocerebral ganglion. We employed a combination of immunocytochemistry and enhancer trap and promoter Gal4 lines to drive green fluorescent protein. We found a good match between the distribution of the receptor and its ligand. However, several differences between the larval and adult systems were observed. Thus, neither sNPF nor its receptor was found in the olfactory (or other sensory) systems in the larva and cells producing insulin-like peptides did not co-express sNPFR, as opposed to results from adults. Moreover, sNPF was expressed in a subpopulation of Hugin cells (second-order gustatory neurons) only in adult flies. We propose that the differences in sNPF signalling between the developmental stages is explained by differences in their feeding behaviour.
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