| 1. |
- Casado-Bedmar, Maite, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated F-EDN correlates with mucosal eosinophil degranulation in patients with IBS : A possible association with microbiota?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Leukocyte Biology. - : Alan R. Liss Inc.. - 0741-5400 .- 1938-3673. ; 111:3, s. 655-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eosinophils have been linked to functional dyspepsia; however, less is known about their role in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study tested the hypothesis of alterations in levels of fecal eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (F-EDN) and eosinophil density and degranulation within the colonic mucosa of IBS patients compared with healthy controls (HC). Colonic biopsies were collected from 37 IBS patients and 20 HC and analyzed for eosinophil numbers and local degranulation of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by histologic procedures. Fecal samples were collected for F-EDN and microbiota analysis. Differentiated 15HL-60 cells were used in vitro to investigate the direct effect of live bacteria on eosinophil activation measured by a colorimetric assay with o-phenylenediamine (OPD) substrate. We observed a higher number of eosinophils and increased extracellular ECP in the mucosa of IBS patients compared with HC. Moreover, F-EDN levels in IBS samples were elevated compared with HC and positively correlated to extracellular ECP. Metagenomic analysis showed significant correlations between bacterial composition and eosinophil measurements in both HC and IBS patients. In vitro experiments revealed an increased degranulation of 15HL-60 after stimulation with Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enterica, and Yersinia enterocolitica. To conclude, we could demonstrate alterations related to eosinophils in IBS, and, for the first time, a positive correlation between F-EDN levels and degranulated eosinophils in the colonic mucosa of IBS patients. Together our results suggest that eosinophils play a role in the pathophysiology of IBS and the mechanisms might be linked to an altered microbiota.
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| 2. |
- Friedrichsen, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking bad news in the transition from curative to palliative cancer care : patient's view of the doctor giving the information.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 8:6, s. 472-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the transition from curative to palliative cancer care, communication is of special importance. The aim of this study was to explore how patients with a disseminated cancer disease experienced the information about their incurable state, focusing on the physician. The persons taking part were 30 patients admitted to a hospital-based home care unit in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using a qualitative method. All patients described their doctors as experts, despite different qualities. Sire subcategories were identified: (1) the inexperienced messenger, (2) the emotionally burdened, (3) the rough and ready expert (4) the benevolent but tactless expert, (5) the "distanced" doctor and (6), the empathic professional. The relationship was described as very important to the patients' capacity to handle the information and was felt to have been built up during earlier meetings. The relationship was described in four subcategories: personal between well-acquainted individuals, impersonal between unacquainted individuals, personal between unacquainted individuals and impersonal between well-acquainted individuals. Both the character of the physician and his or her ability to create personal relationships influence patients' capacity to cope with this specific situation. Education and guidance are needed both in clinical practice and in medical schools.
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| 3. |
- Friedrichsen, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer patients' perceptions of their participation and own resources after receiving information about discontinuation of active tumour treatment.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 39:8, s. 919-925
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The focus of most studies on informational needs has been on primary cancer diagnosis. The aim of this study was to explore how cancer patients in a palliative care setting perceived their own participation and resources after receiving information about the discontinuation of active tumour treatment. Thirty cancer patients admitted to a hospital-based home-care unit participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using a phenomenographic method. The patients described their own participation as being either verbally passive or active, in order to receive more information or to avoid information. Furthermore, previous knowledge, at different levels, was described as important: 1) Unsuspecting naive, 2) apprehensive suspicious, 3) well prepared. Patients’ own resources included a sense of wellbeing, a sense of security and individual strength. In conclusion, patients’ previous knowledge and own resources are important components for their capacity to take part in the dialogue when receiving information.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ahmad, Awais, et al.
(författare)
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Positive Design Framework for Carer-eSupport : A Qualitative Study to Support Informal Caregivers of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: JMIR Cancer. - : JMIR Publications. - 2369-1999. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Informal caregivers of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), such as the patient’s spouse, other close relatives, or friends, can play an important role in home-based treatment and health care. Research shows that informal caregivers are usually unprepared for this responsibility and need support with taking care of patients and other daily life activities. These circumstances place them in a vulnerable position, and their well-being may be compromised. This study is part of our ongoing project Carer eSupport, which aims to develop a web-based intervention to facilitate informal caregivers in the home environment. Objective: This study aimed to explore the situation and context of informal caregivers of patients with HNC and their needs for designing and developing a web-based intervention (Carer eSupport). In addition, we proposed a novel framework for the development of a web-based intervention aimed at promoting the well-being of informal caregivers. Methods: Focus groups were conducted with 15 informal caregivers and 13 healthcare professionals. Both informal caregivers and healthcare professionals were recruited from 3 university hospitals in Sweden. We adopted a thematic data analysis process to analyze the data.Results: We investigated informal caregivers’ needs, critical factors for adoption, and desired functionalities of Carer eSupport.A total of 4 major themes, including information, web-based forum, virtual meeting place, and chatbot, emerged and were discussed by informal caregivers and health care professionals for Carer eSupport. However, most study participants did not like the idea of a chatbot for asking questions and retrieving information and expressed their concerns such as a lack of trust in robotic technologies and missing human contact while communicating with chatbots. The results from the focus groups were discussed through the lens of positive design research approaches.Conclusions: This study provided an in-depth understanding of informal caregivers’ contexts and their preferred functions for a web-based intervention (Carer eSupport). Using the theoretical foundation of designing for well-being and positive design in the informal caregiving context, we proposed a positive design framework to support informal caregivers’ well-being. Our proposed framework might be helpful for human-computer interaction and user experience researchers to design meaningful health interventions with a clear focus on users’ well-being and positive emotions, especially for informal caregivers of patients with HNC.
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| 6. |
- Andersén, Åsa, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare professionals' perceptions of the contributions of rehabilitation coordinators to patients in Swedish psychiatric care : a qualitative descriptive study
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Rehabilitation coordinators have gradually been introduced into Swedish psychiatric care to support individuals on sick leave to return-to-work or enter work.AimTo explore healthcare professionals' perspectives on the contributions a rehabilitation coordinator can make to patients in psychiatric care.Materials and methods: A descriptive qualitative design was used, and data were collected through interviews. Twelve healthcare professionals in psychiatric care participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: An overarching theme evolved: "The rehabilitation coordinator promotes security and reduces stress in the vocational rehabilitation process", based on two themes: (1) "Adaptations and support based on the patient's needs" and (2) "Rehabilitation coordinator efforts as relevant for care". The themes, in turn, consist of six subthemes.Conclusions: This study showed that healthcare professionals perceived employment as important for patients' health and well-being. Therefore, the rehabilitation coordination efforts were not only seen as beneficial for addressing patients' challenges and needs in managing the vocational rehabilitation process but also as an integral part of the patient's care.
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| 7. |
- Ax, Anna-Karin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Exercise : A positive feature on functioning in daily life during cancer treatment — Experiences from the Phys-Can study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Impaired functioning due to cancer treatment is a challenge for daily life. Exercise during treatment can improve functioning. However, research describing experiences of how exercise affects activities of daily life is limited. We aimed to explore how individuals with cancer receiving curative treatment and participating in an exercise intervention experienced their functioning in daily life.METHODS: Twenty-one participants were recruited from Phys-Can, an exercise intervention study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted after the intervention had finished, and data was analysed using thematic analysis.RESULTS: Two main themes evolved: "Striving to maintain a normal life in a new context" and "Struggling with impairments from side effects of cancer treatment". The supervised group exercise proved popular, and participants reported positive effects on physical and psychological functioning, as well as social and informative support from other participants. Participants struggled with impaired cognitive and physical functioning and exhaustion. They strove to maintain a normal life by adjusting their activities.CONCLUSIONS: Perceived physical and psychological benefits from exercise during cancer treatment suggest that exercise should be a part of cancer rehabilitation to facilitate activities and participation in daily life. Striving to maintain a normal life during cancer treatment is vital, and adjustments are needed to maintain activities and participation in daily life. Cancer nurses should motivate patients to engage in physical activity and encourage the introduction of exercise as part of their rehabilitation. They could also support patients in making adjustments to maintain functioning in daily life.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Maria, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Bereaved spouses' adjustment after the patients' death in palliative care
- 2007
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Ingår i: Palliative & Supportive Care. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1478-9515 .- 1478-9523. ; 5:4, s. 397-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To improve the support to bereaved spouses during the year after the patient’s death,a project was started consisting of three visits by a nurse (after 1, 3, and 13 months) withconversations about the patient’s death and the spouse’s life situation. The aim of this study wasto describe the bereaved spouse’s situation and adaptation during the first year after the loss. Methods: Spouses of patients cared for by The Advanced Home Care Team (APHCT) inUppsala, Sweden, were invited to participate in the project. Each participant was encouraged totalk freely about his or her situation, but enough direction was given to ensure that all itemslisted on a standardized questionnaire were covered. Results: Fifty-one spouses met the inclusion criteria and were invited to participate and 45accepted. The subjects felt quite healthy but were tired and suffered from sleep disturbance.The grief reactions had initially been high but showed a significant decline from 1 to 13 months( p , .01). Forty-nine percent had experienced postbereavement hallucinations. Significance of results: This study showed that the bereaved spouses felt quite healthy andadjusted quite well to their new life situation, after the patient’s death in a palliative care setting.The grief reactions had initially been high but showed a significant decline during the year.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Maria, 1958-
(författare)
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Cancer patients seeking information from sources outside the health care system.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 8:6, s. 453-457
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most of the information patients receive about cancer and its treatment is probably provided by staff in health care, but if patients do not get sufficient information there is a risk that they might rely on nonmedical sources to satisfy their need. The aim of this study was to survey the degree to which patients seek information from sources outside the health care system. All adult cancer patients visiting or being admitted to the Oncology Department on 1 day were asked to complete a questionnaire. In the course of that day, 192 adult patients visited the Oncology Department, and the response rate was 74%. The patients had used an active informationseeking strategy, i.e., had sought information from the following sources, only to a limited degree: the Internet (6%) medical books (37%), narratives (32%) and telephone helplines (10%). A more passive information-seeking strategy was more common; the patients obtained information from television and radio (82%), newspapers (86%), other patients (46%) and friends (55%). There was a significant correlation between educational level and information-seeking from the Internet, medical books and telephone helplines. Persons with a higher level of formal education had used these sources more than people with less education (P~0.05). Younger patients (~60 years) and those with a higher level of formal education had greater access to the Internet (P~0.0001) and read about cancer in the papers to a greater degree than older ones (P~0.05). Younger patients (P~0.05) and women (P~0.01) had used narratives to a greater degree than older patients and men. The main finding of this study was that the patients actively sought information about cancer only to a limited degree, but the majority of patients take an interest when cancer issues are presented in newspapers and magazines, or on radio and television.
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