| 1. |
- Bergh, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Capacity Issues in Sweden - Applications and Research
- 2016
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1465. ; , s. 36-50, s. 36-50
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper gives an overview of the Swedish trunk road system and present objectives, guidelines concerning capacity and level of service procedures to assess these issues in the feasibility and design procedure are also described.An important goal in Sweden is investments and speed limit changes over a 10 year time scale to decrease the C02-exposure. The long term speed limit overview with the objective to require median barriers at speed limits over 80 kph with results so far is presented. By now over 50 % of the former traffic load over 80 kph is decreased to 80 kph. Some 2,700 km have been retrofitted to 2+1 median barrier roads with speed limit mainly 100 kph.An overview is also given of the updated Swedish Highway Capacity Manual with new chapters especially on jam densities, entry lanes, weaving areas and traffic signals. Some interesting research projects are also briefly covered. These are 2+1 median barrier roads, capacities at motorway work zones, speed harmonisation with variable speed limits on motorways to increase capacity, ramp metering and Drive Me (autonomous driving full scale tests).
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| 2. |
- Bruno, A., et al.
(författare)
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The May 17, 2012 solar event : back-tracing analysis and flux reconstruction with PAMELA
- 2016
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARTICLE PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS (ICPPA-2015), PTS 1-4. - : Institute of Physics (IOP).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PAMELA space experiment is providing first direct observations of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies from about 80 MeV to several GeV in near-Earth orbit, bridging the low energy measurements by other spacecrafts and the Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) data by the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Its unique observational capabilities include the possibility of measuring the flux angular distribution and thus investigating possible anisotropies associated to SEP events. The analysis is supported by an accurate back-tracing simulation based on a realistic description of the Earth's magnetosphere, which is exploited to estimate the SEP energy spectra as a function of the asymptotic direction of arrival with respect to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). In this work we report the results for the May 17, 2012 event.
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| 3. |
- Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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"We want to know where the line is" : comparing current planning for future sea-level rise with three core principles of robust decision support approaches
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Routledge. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 62:8, s. 1339-1358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Handling uncertainties is a major challenge in climate change adaptation. A variety of robust decision support approaches that aim for better management of uncertainty have recently been emerging and are used in environmental planning. The present study examined to what extent existing processes of planning for future sea-level rise in Sweden utilised similar approaches. Three core principles of robust decision support approaches were identified and used as a tool for analyzing five cases of planning for future sea-level rise in companies and authorities at different levels in society. The results show that planning processes typically do not embrace uncertainties, do not use a bottom-up approach and do not specifically aim for robustness, which points to a discrepancy between current planning paradigms and the core principles of robust decision support approaches.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Linn, et al.
(författare)
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Surface characteristics of cellulose nanoparticles grafted by surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 22:2, s. 1063-1074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization has been employed for the grafting of epsilon-caprolactone from cellulose nanoparticles, made by partial hydrolysis of cellulose cotton linters. A sacrificial initiator was employed during the grafting reactions, to form free polymer in parallel to the grafting reaction. The degree of polymerization of the polymer grafts, and of the free polymer, was varied by varying the reaction time. The aim of this study was to estimate the cellulose nanoparticle degree of surface substitution at different reaction times. This was accomplished by combining measurement results from spectroscopy and chromatography. The prepared cellulose nanoparticles were shown to have 3.1 (+/- 0.3) % of the total anhydroglucose unit content present at the cellulose nanoparticle surfaces. This effectively limits the amount of cellulose that can be targeted by the SI-ROP reactions. For a certain SI-ROP reaction time, it was assumed that the resulting degree of polymerization (DP) of the grafts and the DP of the free polymer were equal. Based on this assumption it was shown that the cellulose nanoparticle surface degree of substitution remained approximately constant (3-7 %) and seemingly independent of SI-ROP reaction time. We believe this work to be an important step towards a deeper understanding of the processes and properties controlling SI-ROP reactions occurring at cellulose surfaces.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, S., et al.
(författare)
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On frictional effects at inelastic contact between spherical bodies
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. - 0020-7403 .- 1879-2162. ; 42:1, s. 107-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Normal inelastic contact between spherical bodies is examined theoretically and numerically. The analysis is focused on viscoplastic material behaviour. In particular the effect of Coulomb friction is analysed in some detail, both regarding global and field variables. It is shown that the solution to the problem of contact between two deformable spherical bodies is provided by the solution of the fundamental problem of indentation of a viscoplastic half-space by a rigid sphere. The indentation analysis is based on self-similarity and cumulative superposition of intermediate flat die solutions as outlined in detail in a previous study by Storakers et al. (International Journal of Solids and Structures 1997;34:3061-83). The results show that frictional effects, when global properties such as the contact area and the mean contact pressure are at issue, will only be of importance at close to perfectly plastic material behaviour. Even in such circumstances the difference between values given by the solutions for frictionless and for full adhesive contact is no more than approximately 10%. Accordingly, it can be concluded that frictional effects are essentially negligible, when, for example, material characterization of viscoplastic solids by Brinell indentation is of interest. The situation is, however, quite different when field variables are at issue. In this case, stress and strain fields can be substantially influenced by friction with possible implications for features such as crack initiation and crack growth,
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, S., et al.
(författare)
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On the determination of residual stress and strain fields by sharp indentation testing. Part I : Theoretical and numerical analysis
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 49:12, s. 2179-2191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sharp indentation tests, presently represented by cone and Vickers indenters, are analysed theoretically and numerically in order to explore how equi-biaxial residual stress and strain fields can be determined from the global properties, i.e. the size of the contact area between indenter and material and the hardness. given by such tests. It is shown that the residual strain fields can be accurately correlated with the hardness value while residual stresses are related to the size of the contact area. The latter feature is explained by the Fact that the size of the: contact area is sensitive to elastic effects. The results are summarized in simple closed form relations. well-suited to be used in an experimental situation, and the range of validity for the resulting formulae is discussed. The predictions are compared with corresponding results taken from the literature and good agreement is found. An experimental scheme for determination of residual fields by indentation is also suggested.
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