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- Bergh, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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2+1-roads Recent Swedish Capacity and Level-of-Service Experience
- 2016
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - : Elsevier. - 2352-1465. ; 15, s. 331-345, s. 331-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first Swedish 2+1 median barrier road was opened in 1998. The concept was to retrofit the standard existing two-lane 13 m paved width cross-section at 90 and 110 kph posted speed limit without widening. This design has one continuous lane in each direction, a middle lane changing direction every one to three kilometres with a median barrier separating the two traffic directions. Today over 2 700 km 2+1 median barrier roads are opened for traffic. AADT’s vary from some 3 000 to 20 000 with an average just below 10 000 nowadays normally with 100 kph.The concept has lately been enhanced also to cover the existing 9 m paved width cross-section. The design concept is the same from a driver’s viewpoint, one continuous lane in each direction with a middle lane changing direction and a separating median barrier. This is created by introducing a continuous median barrier and adding overtaking lanes within an overtaking strategy. The differences are the existence of 1+1-sections, less overtaking opportunities and a slightly more narrow cross-section. Some 15 projects are opened. The purpose of this paper is to summarize present knowledge on level-of-service issues as they are presented in Swedish design and assessment guidelines and to give an overview of field measurements and theoretical analytical and simulation studies supporting the recommendations.
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| 2. |
- Bergh, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Capacity Issues in Sweden - Applications and Research
- 2016
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1465. ; , s. 36-50, s. 36-50
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper gives an overview of the Swedish trunk road system and present objectives, guidelines concerning capacity and level of service procedures to assess these issues in the feasibility and design procedure are also described.An important goal in Sweden is investments and speed limit changes over a 10 year time scale to decrease the C02-exposure. The long term speed limit overview with the objective to require median barriers at speed limits over 80 kph with results so far is presented. By now over 50 % of the former traffic load over 80 kph is decreased to 80 kph. Some 2,700 km have been retrofitted to 2+1 median barrier roads with speed limit mainly 100 kph.An overview is also given of the updated Swedish Highway Capacity Manual with new chapters especially on jam densities, entry lanes, weaving areas and traffic signals. Some interesting research projects are also briefly covered. These are 2+1 median barrier roads, capacities at motorway work zones, speed harmonisation with variable speed limits on motorways to increase capacity, ramp metering and Drive Me (autonomous driving full scale tests).
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Arne, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Studded tyres : socio-economic calculations
- 1995
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The goal with this investigation is a revision of earlier investigations of studded tyres, i.e. the socio-economic consequences that may be expected from a ban on such tyres.The calculations were made for winter 1993/1994 and for winter 1999/2000. The conditions in winter 1993/1994 form the basis for the calculations, a quite normal winter. The conditions in 1999/20 00 are the same, except for the assumptions that all those using studded tyres will then be using lightweight studs and that wear resistant pavements will be more common. Everything else, for example winter maintenance will be the same as in 1993/1994.The following effects are included:Accidents (direct: at slipperiness. indirect: because of pavement wear)Road wear (pavement and road markings, cleaning signs)Car costs (tyres/rims, fuel consumption, washing)Environment (car washing)
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| 6. |
- Lu, Xiaohu, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of test sections with Polymer Modified Bitumens
- 2014
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Ingår i: Asphalt Pavements. - 9781138027121 ; , s. 287-296
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been recognized that Polymer Modified Bitumens (PMB) have more potential for use in asphalt paving and can clearly demonstrate the value of their initial higher cost. To further assess sustainable benefits on heavy trafficked roads, test sections using various PMBs were built on highway E6 in Sweden during 2003-2006. The main objective of this paper is to study the aging and rheological properties of the binders used. A large number of cores were drilled and characterized with respect to stiffness, fatigue and permanent deformation. The binders (original, lab aged and recovered) were investigated extensively with rheological and chemical methods. It was found that PMBs, particularly SBS modified, demonstrate better rheological properties as compared to unmodified bitumens, even after several years in the field. These include higher strain recovery and lower non-recoverable compliance at high temperatures, and lower stiffness at low temperatures. For the SBS modified binders, good aging resistance was observed. The high resistance to aging for the SBS modified binders was also evident in the stiffness measurement made on asphalt field cores. Although significant differences have not yet been seen between the test sections (all the sections are in good condition after six years of traffic), the observed improvements for the modified binders are expected to be confirmed by a longer follow-up of the test road.
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| 7. |
- Lu, Xiaohu, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Evaluation of Polymer Modified Bitumens on a Heavily Trafficked Test Road
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology. - : Chinese Society of Pavement Engineering. - 1997-1400. ; 7:6, s. 381-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In asphalt paving, polymer modified bitumens (PMBs) have more potential for use and can clearly demonstrate the value of their initial higher cost. To further assess the sustainable benefits of using PMBs, a test road was constructed on a highway in Sweden. In this paper, the asphalt binders used were investigated extensively using rheological and chemical methods, and asphalt field cores characterized with respect to permanent deformation and fatigue. It was found that the modified binders, particularly with SBS polymers, retain better rheological properties in comparison with conventional ones, even after several years in the field; these include higher strain recovery and lower non-recoverable compliance at high temperatures, and lower stiffness at low temperatures. The SBS modified binders also demonstrate good aging resistance, shown by both laboratory aging tests and field aging. the high resistance to aging for the SBS modified binders was also evident in the stiffness measurement made on asphalt field cores. Moreover, the modified binders with SBS polymers significantly enhance fatigue behaviour.
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