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- Bergmo-Prvulovic, Ingela
(författare)
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Social representations of career and career guidance in the changing world of working life
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores the meaning of career as a phenomenon and its implication for career guidance. In 1996, career as a phenomenon was more or less considered to be an obsolete or even extinct phenomenon. Since then, career guidance has received increased attention along with the increased interest in lifelong learning strategies. This thesis is motivated by the paradoxical message of career as an extinct yet living phenomenon. Career is outlined as a bridging issue that involves several contexts and is characterized by a number of dominating discourses in tension with one another. Two educational fields linked by career are of particular interest: the field of education and training in working life and the educational field of career guidance counselling. This thesis explores the meaning of career among a triad of various interested parties in this time of transition in the world of working life, and it explores the sense in which such understanding(s) of career influence policies and practices of career guidance. The thesis is based upon four separate studies. The first study explores, in order to disclose underlying views on career, how the language of European policy documents on career guidance characterize career and career development. Qualitative content analysis is used as the basic method to approach the subject in the texts, with an inductive development of categories. The analysis then conducts a sender-oriented interpretation, based upon a textual model for analyzing documents. The results revealed that underlying perspective on career in the documents derive from economic perspective, learning perspective and political science perspective, and communicate career as subordinated to market forces. The second study pays attention to the receiving side of the ideational message, disclosed in the first study. The second study extends the analysis of the first study with an exploration of ethical declaration documents for the profession. The exploration focuses on significant key principles, the profession's role and mission, and significant changes between the initial and the revised ethical declaration. Similarities and differences were compared, combined with the first study’s results as an interpretive frame for analyzing what consequences and significance the core meaning of career at structural level will have for career guidance practice. The results revealed an implicit shift of emphasis in the career guidance mission, which creates uncertainty regarding on behalf of whom the guidance counsellor is working. The third study explores common-sense knowledge of career, among a group of people influenced by changing conditions in working life. This study explores what social representations people have about career. The study also explores how people's anchored thoughts reflect scientifically shaped thoughts, and how they relate to thoughts currently dominating on structural level. Results disclose how the group explored has stable social representations of career that are anchored in the past, in previous working life conditions, and that contrasts with perspectives dominating in the structural context. The group also has dynamic representations, which provide space for negotiation of the meaning of career. The fourth study explores guidance counsellors' social representations of their mission and of careertherein. Results generated four social representations expressed in argumentative pairs of opposites. The first pair is concerned with their professional mission and reveal their professional identity. The second is concerned with career. Their view on their mission and their professional identity is in sharp contrast with how they experience others' interpretation of their mission, as being a matching practice on behalf of the business sector. Guidance counsellors reject the general view of career among others' and they regard career in the context of guidance as something other than the common view. At the same time guidance counsellors reveal difficulties in really clarifying the meaning they ascribe to career. The empirical findings of each of the four studies are finally interpreted as a whole in the final section of this thesis. With support from social representations theory, the empirical findings illuminate the sources as bearers of social representations of career, which both meet and clash.
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- Chaib, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Educartion, Professionalization and Social representations : On the transformation of social knowledge
- 2011. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book presents a broad range of research related to how social knowledge is shared, transmitted and transformed in the context of education and professional formation. The chapters of this edited collection reflect different theoretical and empirical approaches to that form of common-sense knowledge called social representations, the theory of which was developed almost a half-century ago by Serge Moscovici. Scholars from various research institutions in Brazil, France and Sweden, spanning a wide variety of disciplines within the social sciences, have contributed chapters that are grouped into three main categories related to education, professionalization and transformation of knowledge. Part I covers theoretical approaches to understanding the transformation of social knowledge from the perspective of social representations. Part II analyzes the impact of the theory of social representations on the transformation of knowledge in the field of education and professional formation. Finally, Part III presents several empirical studies focused on the social and cultural frames that condition the transformation of knowledge. While the book is devoted to education and the emerging field of research on professionalization, it will also appeal to anyone with a general interest in how people acquire their worldviews and how these views influence their actions. Table of Contents Foreword Denise Jodelet Introduction: Social Knowledge – Shared, Transmitted, Transformed Mohamed Chaib, Berth Danermark, and Staffan Selander Part I: Theoretical Approaches 1. Transformations and Changes in Social Knowledge – Towards the Dynamics of Meaning Making Anders Gustavsson and Staffan Selander 2. Social Representations and Power Berth Danermark and Per Germundsson 3. Of Contextualized Use of "Social" and "Professional" Alain Piaser and Michel Bataille 4. Understanding Professionalization as a Representational Process Pierre Ratinaud and Michel Lac 5. The Teacher’s Work Clarilza Prado de Sousa 6. Education Processes of the Teacher as an Apprentice Vera Maria Nigro de Souza Placco and Vera Lucia Trevisan de Souza 7. Social Representations and Cultures of Action Jean-Marie Barbier Part II: Education and Professional Formation 8. The Theory of Social Representations as a Theoretical and Methodological Tool for Research on Teachers in Brazil: Analyses of Theses and Dissertations Maria Suzana De Stefano Menin, Allesandra de Morais Shimizu, and Claudia Maria de Lima 9. Teacher Students’ Social Representations of How Adults Learn Mohamed Chaib and Josef Chaib 10. Being a School Teacher in Brazil Alda Judith Alves-Mazzotti 11. Trainers of Adults: Professional Representations and Training Knowledge Patrice Bouyssières and Marie-Pierre Trinquier 12. Training and Ruptures Christine Mias Part III: Socio-Cultural Contexts 13. Social Representations of Belonging in Pre-School Children’s Peer-Cultures Solveig Hägglund and Annica Löfdahl 14. Transformations of Risk Knowledge – The Medical Encounter and Patients’ Narrative Construction of Meaning Sonja Olin Lauritzen and Robert Ohlsson 15. The Role of the Media in the Transformation of Citizens’ Social Representations of Suffering Birgitta Höijer and Ulrika Olausson 16. Religiosity as a Way of Appropriating Knowledge Margot Campos Madeira, Luiz Fernando Rangel Tura, Maria Rosilene Barbosa Alvim, and Vincent de Paulo Carvalho Madeira 17. Appropriation of Knowledge and Social Psychology: Milgram’s Experiment on Obedience to Authority Sophie Richardot
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