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- Burauskaite-Harju, Agne, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing and visualizing spatio-temporal patterns in hourly precipitation records
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Theoretical and Applied Climatology. - : Springer. - 0177-798X .- 1434-4483. ; 109:3-4, s. 333-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We develop new techniques to summarize and visualize spatial patterns of coincidence in weather events such as more or less heavy precipitation at a network of meteorological stations. The cosine similarity measure, which has a simple probabilistic interpretation for vectors of binary data, is generalized to characterize spatial dependencies of events that may reach different stations with a variable time lag. More specifically, we reduce such patterns into three parameters (dominant time lag, maximum cross-similarity, and window-maximum similarity) that can easily be computed for each pair of stations in a network. Furthermore, we visualize such threeparameter summaries by using colour-coded maps of dependencies to a given reference station and distance-decay plots for the entire network. Applications to hourly precipitation data from a network of 93 stations in Sweden illustrate how this method can be used to explore spatial patterns in the temporal synchrony of precipitation events.
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- Chen, Deliang, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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European Trend Atlas of Extreme Temperature and Precipitation Records
- 2015
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This Atlas presents records of climatic variability and change in Europe starting before 1901 and focuses especially on trends of extreme temperatures and precipitation. The authors have used software developed within EMULATE (European and North Atlantic daily to MULtidecadal climATE variability) to obtain the extremes indices and temporal trends. The trend atlas provides an easy way to identify spatial patterns for a given time period, region, season, and index. The Atlas clearly shows that climate in Europe has changed over the last 100 to 150 years, such that the occurrence and intensity of warm temperature extremes have increased. Precipitation extremes have also changed, but with a less clear pattern compared to the temperature extremes.
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- Chen, Deliang, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Projecting future local precipitation and its extremes for Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Geografiska Annaler. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0435-3676 .- 1468-0459. ; 97:1, s. 25-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A procedure to obtain future local precipitation characteristics focused on extreme conditions has been developed based on a weather generator. The method involves six major steps: (1) the weather generator was calibrated using observed daily precipitation at 220 Swedish stations during 1961–2004; (2) present and future daily precipitation characteristics for the Swedish stations from two global climate models, namely ECHAM5 and HadCM3, were used to calculate weather generator parameters for the present and future climates at global climate model spatial scales; (3) the ratio of the weather generator parameters for the present climate simulated by the global climate models to those calculated for each station falling into the global climate model grid box were computed for all the stations; (4) these ratios were also assumed to be valid in the future climate, that way the future parameters for each station for the global climate model projected future climate could be calculated; (5) using the estimated future parameters of the weather generator, the future daily precipitation at each station could be simulated by the weather generator; (6) the simulated daily precipitation was used to compute eight indices describing mean and extreme precipitation climates. The future mean and extreme precipitation characteristics at the stations under the Second Report on Emission Scenarios A2 scenario were obtained and presented. An overall increasing trend for frequency and intensity of the indices are identified for the majority of the stations studied. The developed downscaling methodology is relatively simple but useful in deriving local precipitation changes, including changes in the precipitation extremes.
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| 10. |
- Linderholm, Hans W., 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Twentieth-century trends in the thermal growing season in the Greater Baltic Area
- 2008
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Ingår i: Climatic Change. ; 87:3-4, s. 405-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phenological data have shown an increase of ca. 10 days in European growing season length in the latter part of the twentieth century. In general, these changes have been associated with global warming. Here we present a study of thermal growing season (GS) trends in the Greater Baltic Area, northern Europe. Yearly dates for the start, end and length of the GS were computed for 49 stations in the studied area, using daily mean temperature measurements. Trends and tendencies of the GS parameters were analysed within the twentieth century. We also examined GS trends in long records (starting before 1850) from the region. The results show a general increase of the length of the GS of ca one week since 1951 in the area, where the most considerable change has occurred in spring (starting ∼6 days earlier). The largest increases were found at stations adjacent to the Baltic Sea and North Sea, where some Danish stations showed significant increasing trends in the length of the GS of more than 20 days. The only tendency for a shorter GS was found in Archangelsk, north western Russia. The three longest records displayed large inter-annual and decadal variability, with tendencies for increased frequencies of longer growing seasons since the 1950s.
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