| 1. |
- Chen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Operational flexibility of active distribution networks with the potential from data centers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the development of information technology, the scale and quantity of internet data centers (IDCs) are expanding rapidly. IDCs have emerged as the major electricity consumers in active distribution networks (ADNs), which dramatically increase the electricity load and have a significant impact on the operational flexibility of ADNs. Geographically distributed IDCs can participate in the operation of ADNs with the potential for spatio-temporal load regulation. This paper proposes flexible dispatch strategies of data centers to improve the operational flexibility of ADNs. First, a data-power model of IT equipment is proposed based on piecewise linearization to describe the power consumption characteristics of data centers. The flexible dispatch strategies for the delay-tolerant workload are further proposed from two aspects of temporal transfer and spatial allocation. Then, considering the potential for spatio-temporal load regulation, the operational flexibility analysis model with data centers is formulated to adapt to the operational requirements of ADNs in complex environments. Case studies show that through the spatio-temporal regulation of workload, the energy efficiency of IDCs can be effectively improved. The flexible dispatch of IDCs can also reduce the voltage violation and feeder load imbalance of ADNs, which can facilitate providing the high-quality power supply for IDCs.
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| 2. |
- Ji, H., et al.
(författare)
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Robust operation for minimizing power consumption of data centers with flexible substation integration
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid development of digital economy has led to a dramatic increasement of internet data centers (IDCs), which consume a large amount of electricity. The diverse data-processing demands, high power consumption and workload uncertainty put forward a high requirement for the economical and secure operation of IDCs. As information technology (IT) devices are driven by direct current (DC), flexible substation (FS) has been gradually utilized to provide DC power for IDCs. This paper proposes robust operation strategies for minimizing IDC power consumption with FS integration. First, the linearized IDC power consumption model based on the technology of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is proposed to describe the operating state of IT devices. Then, considering the FS-based coordinated operation of IDC, photovoltaic (PV) station and energy storage system (ESS), the deterministic power consumption minimization model of IDCs is established. Considering the workload uncertainty, the operation strategies based on distributionally robust optimization (DRO) for IDCs are further proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed method is validated on a modified practical network with IDCs integrated. Results show that through the dispatch of workload and power flow regulation of FS, the power consumption and dropping workload of IDCs are effectively reduced.
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| 3. |
- Petropoulos, Fotios, et al.
(författare)
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Operational Research : methods and applications
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the Operational Research Society. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0160-5682 .- 1476-9360. ; 75:3, s. 423-617
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Throughout its history, Operational Research has evolved to include methods, models and algorithms that have been applied to a wide range of contexts. This encyclopedic article consists of two main sections: methods and applications. The first summarises the up-to-date knowledge and provides an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and key developments in the various subdomains of the field. The second offers a wide-ranging list of areas where Operational Research has been applied. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion and used as a point of reference by a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners. The entries within the methods and applications sections are presented in alphabetical order. The authors dedicate this paper to the 2023 Turkey/Syria earthquake victims. We sincerely hope that advances in OR will play a role towards minimising the pain and suffering caused by this and future catastrophes.
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| 4. |
- Zhang, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Carbon mitigation potential afforded by rooftop photovoltaic in China
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rooftop photovoltaics (RPVs) are crucial in achieving energy transition and climate goals, especially in cities with high building density and substantial energy consumption. Estimating RPV carbon mitigation potential at the city level of an entire large country is challenging given difficulties in assessing rooftop area. Here, using multi-source heterogeneous geospatial data and machine learning regression, we identify a total of 65,962 km2 rooftop area in 2020 for 354 Chinese cities, which represents 4 billion tons of carbon mitigation under ideal assumptions. Considering urban land expansion and power mix transformation, the potential remains at 3-4 billion tons in 2030, when China plans to reach its carbon peak. However, most cities have exploited less than 1% of their potential. We provide analysis of geographical endowment to better support future practice. Our study provides critical insights for targeted RPV development in China and can serve as a foundation for similar work in other countries.
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