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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Chen Yangbo) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Chen Yangbo)

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1.
  • Blösch, Günter, et al. (författare)
  • Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 64:10, s. 1141-1158
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.
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2.
  • Bikdeli, Behnood, et al. (författare)
  • Individual Patient Data Pooled Analysis of Randomized Trials of Bivalirudin versus Heparin in Acute Myocardial Infarction : Rationale and Methodology
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 120:2, s. 348-361
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of periprocedural anticoagulation with bivalirudin versus heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have reported conflicting results. Study-level meta-analyses lack granularity to adjust for confounders, explore heterogeneity, or identify subgroups that may particularly benefit or be harmed.Objective To overcome these limitations, we sought to develop an individual patient-data pooled database of RCTs comparing bivalirudin versus heparin.Methods We conducted a systematic review to identify RCTs in which ≥1,000 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing PCI were randomized to bivalirudin versus heparin.Results From 738 identified studies, 8 RCTs met the prespecified criteria. The principal investigators of each study agreed to provide patient-level data. The data were pooled and checked for accuracy against trial publications, with discrepancies addressed by consulting with the trialists. Consensus-based definitions were created to resolve differing antithrombotic, procedural, and outcome definitions. The project required 3.5 years to complete, and the final database includes 27,409 patients (13,346 randomized to bivalirudin and 14,063 randomized to heparin).Conclusion We have created a large individual patient database of bivalirudin versus heparin RCTs in patients with AMI undergoing PCI. This endeavor may help identify the optimal periprocedural anticoagulation regimen for patient groups with different relative risks of adverse ischemic versus bleeding events, including those with ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation MI, radial versus femoral access, use of a prolonged bivalirudin infusion or glycoprotein inhibitors, and others. Adherence to standardized techniques and rigorous validation processes should increase confidence in the accuracy and robustness of the results..
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3.
  • Fei, Keke, et al. (författare)
  • CpxR regulates the Rcs phosphorelay system in controlling the Ysc-Yop type III secretion system in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Microbiology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1350-0872 .- 1465-2080. ; 167:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The CpxRA two-component regulatory system and the Rcs phosphorelay system are both employed by the Enterobacteriaceae family to preserve bacterial envelope integrity and function when growing under stress. Although both systems regulate several overlapping physiological processes, evidence demonstrating a molecular connection between Cpx and Rcs signalling outputs is scarce. Here, we show that CpxR negatively regulates the transcription of the rcsB gene in the Rcs phosphorelay system in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Interestingly, transcription of rcsB is under the control of three promoters, which were all repressed by CpxR. Critically, synthetic activation of Cpx signalling through mislocalization of the NlpE lipoprotein to the inner membrane resulted in an active form of CpxR that repressed activity of rcsB promoters. On the other hand, a site-directed mutation of the phosphorylation site at residue 51 in CpxR generated an inactive non-phosphorylated variant that was unable to regulate output from these rcsB promoters. Importantly, CpxR-mediated inhibition of rcsB transcription in turn restricted activation of the Ysc-Yop type III secretion system (T3SS). Moreover, active CpxR blocks zinc-mediated activation of Rcs signalling and the subsequent activation of lcrF transcription. Our results demonstrate a novel regulatory cascade linking CpxR-RcsB-LcrF to control production of the Ysc-Yop T3SS.
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4.
  • Fei, Keke, et al. (författare)
  • LcrQ coordinates with the YopD-LcrH complex to repress lcrF expression and control type III secretion by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: mBio. - : American Society for Microbiology (ASM). - 2161-2129 .- 2150-7511. ; 12:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Human-pathogenic Yersinia species employ a plasmid-encoded type III secretion system (T3SS) to negate immune cell function during infection. A critical element in this process is the coordinated regulation of T3SS gene expression, which involves both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. LcrQ is one of the earliest identified negative regulators of Yersinia T3SS, but its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In a previous study, we showed that LcrQ antagonizes the activation role played by the master transcriptional regulator LcrF. In this study, we confirm that LcrQ directly interacts with LcrH, the chaperone of YopD, to facilitate the negative regulatory role of the YopD-LcrH complex in repressing lcrF expression at the posttranscriptional level. Negative regulation is strictly dependent on the YopD-LcrH complex, more so than on LcrQ. The YopD-LcrH complex helps to retain cytoplasmic levels of LcrQ to facilitate the negative regulatory effect. Interestingly, RNase E and its associated protein RhlB participate in this negative regulatory loop through a direct interaction with LcrH and LcrQ. Hence, we present a negative regulatory loop that physically connects LcrQ to the posttranscriptional regulation of LcrF, and this mechanism incorporates RNase E involved in mRNA decay.
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5.
  • Li, Yunlong, et al. (författare)
  • RcsB positively regulates the Yersinia Ysc-Yop type III secretion system by activating expression of the master transcriptional regulator LcrF
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Environmental Microbiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1462-2912 .- 1462-2920. ; 17:4, s. 1219-1233
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Rcs phosphorelay is a complex signaling pathway used by the family Enterobacteriaceae to sense, respond and adapt to environmental changes during free-living or host-associated lifestyles. In this study, we show that the Rcs phosphorelay pathway positively regulates the virulence plasmid encoded Ysc-Yop type III secretion system (T3SS) in the enteropathogen Yesinia pseudotuberculosis. Both the overexpression of the wild-type Rcs regulator RcsB or the constitutive active RscB(D56E) variant triggered more abundant Ysc-Yop synthesis and secretion, whereas the non-phosphorylatable mutant RcsB(D56Q) negated this. Congruently, enhanced Yops expression and secretion occurred in an in cis rscB(D56E) mutant but not in an isogenic rscB(D56Q) mutant. Screening for regulatory targets of RcsB identified the virG-lcrF operon that encodes for LcrF, the Ysc-Yop T3SS master regulator. Protein-DNA binding assays confirmed that RcsB directly bound to this operon promoter, which subsequently caused stimulated lcrF transcription. Moreover, active RcsB enhanced the ability of bacteria to deliver Yop effectors into immune cells during cell contact, and this promoted an increase in bacterial viability. Taken together, our study demonstrates the role of the Rcs system in regulating the Ysc-Yop T3SS in Yersinia and reports on RcsB being the first transcriptional activator known to directly control lcrF transcription.
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6.
  • Li, Yunlong, et al. (författare)
  • Yersinia Ysc-Yop type III secretion feedback inhibition is relieved through YscV-dependent recognition and secretion of LcrQ
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Molecular Microbiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0950-382X .- 1365-2958. ; 91:3, s. 494-507
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Human pathogenic Yersinia species share a virulence plasmid encoding the Ysc-Yop type III secretion system (T3SS). A plasmid-encoded anti-activator, LcrQ, negatively regulates the expression of this secretion system. Under inducible conditions, LcrQ is secreted outside of bacterial cells and this activates the T3SS, but the mechanism of targeting LcrQ for type III secretion remains largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the regulatory role of the export apparatus component YscV. Depletion or overexpression of YscV compromised Yop synthesis and this primarily prevented secretion of LcrQ. It followed that a lcrQ deletion reversed the repressive effects of excessive YscV. Further characterization demonstrated that the YscV residues 493–511 located within the C-terminal soluble cytoplasmic domain directly bound with LcrQ. Critically, YscV-LcrQ complex formation was a requirement for LcrQ secretion, since YscVΔ493–511 failed to secrete LcrQ. This forced a cytoplasmic accumulation of LcrQ, which predictably caused the feedback inhibition of Yops synthesis. Based on these observations, we proposed a model for the YscV-dependent secretion of LcrQ and its role in regulating Yop synthesis in Yersinia.
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7.
  • Lu, Pei, et al. (författare)
  • A cis-encoded sRNA controls the expression of fabH2 in Yersinia
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: FEBS Letters. - : Wiley. - 0014-5793 .- 1873-3468. ; 588:10, s. 1961-1966
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • YsrH is a novel cis-encoded sRNA located on the opposite strand to fabH2, which is essential for fatty acid biosynthesis in bacteria. In this study, YsrH-mediated regulation of fabH2 expression was investigated in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Constitutive and inducible over-expression of YsrH decreased the mRNA level of fabH2, while expression of downstream fabD and fabG remained unaffected. Polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) also played an important role in this regulation process by mediating YsrH decay in the exponential phase. Thus, our data defines a cis-encoded sRNA that regulates fatty acid synthesis via a regulatory mechanism also involving PNPase.
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8.
  • McMillan, Hilary, et al. (författare)
  • Panta Rhei 2013-2015 : global perspectives on hydrology, society and change
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 61:7, s. 1174-1191
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In 2013, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) launched the hydrological decade 2013-2022 with the theme "Panta Rhei: Change in Hydrology and Society". The decade recognizes the urgency of hydrological research to understand and predict the interactions of society and water, to support sustainable water resource use under changing climatic and environmental conditions. This paper reports on the first Panta Rhei biennium 2013-2015, providing a comprehensive resource that describes the scope and direction of Panta Rhei. We bring together the knowledge of all the Panta Rhei working groups, to summarize the most pressing research questions and how the hydrological community is progressing towards those goals. We draw out interconnections between different strands of research, and reflect on the need to take a global view on hydrology in the current era of human impacts and environmental change. Finally, we look back to the six driving science questions identified at the outset of Panta Rhei, to quantify progress towards those aims.
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9.
  • Xin, Huang, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and bypass surgery for left main coronary artery disease: An analysis from the EXCEL trial
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1010-7940 .- 1873-734X. ; 55:6, s. 1144-1151
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often favoured over coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery for revascularization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We studied whether COPD affected clinical outcomes according to revascularization in the Evaluation of XIENCE Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization (EXCEL) trial, in which PCI with everolimus-eluting stents was non-inferior to CABG for the treatment of patients with left main coronary artery disease and low or intermediate SYNTAX scores. Patients with a history of COPD were propensity score matched to those without COPD. Outcomes at 30 days and 3 years in both groups were compared in patients randomized to PCI versus CABG. RESULTS: COPD status was available for 1901 of 1905 randomized patients (99.8%), 148 of whom had COPD (7.8%). Propensity score matching yielded 135 patients with COPD and 675 patients without COPD. Patients with COPD had higher 3-year rates of the primary composite end point of death, myocardial infarction or stroke (31.7% vs 14.5%, P 0.0001), death (17.1% vs 7.5%, P = 0.0005) and myocardial infarction (18.3% vs 7.3%, P 0.0001), but not stroke (3.3% vs 2.9%, P = 0.84). There were no statistically significant interactions in the relative risks of PCI versus CABG for the primary composite end point in patients with and without COPD at 30 days [hazard ratio (HR) 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12 1.21 vs HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.29 1.06; Pinteraction = 0.61] or at 3 years (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.46 1.56 vs HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.84 1.94; Pinteraction = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS: In the EXCEL trial, COPD was independently associated with poor prognosis after left main coronary artery disease revascularization. The relative risks of PCI versus CABG at 30 days and 3 years were consistent in patients with and without COPD..
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