| 1. |
- Chen, Tianyang, et al.
(författare)
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High-rate, high-capacity electrochemical energy storage in hydrogen-bonded fused aromatics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Joule. - : Elsevier BV. - 2542-4351. ; 7:5, s. 986-1002
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Designing materials for electrochemical energy storage with short charging times and high charge capacities is a longstanding challenge. The fundamental difficulty lies in incorporating a high density of redox couples into a stable material that can efficiently conduct both ions and electrons. We report all-organic, fused aromatic materials that store up to 310 mAh g−1 and charge in as little as 33 s. This performance stems from abundant quinone/imine functionalities that decorate an extended aromatic backbone, act as redox-active sites, engage in hydrogen bonding, and enable a delocalized high-rate energy storage with stability upon cycling. The extended conjugation and hydrogen-bonding-assisted bulk charge storage contrast with the surface-confined or hydration-dependent behavior of traditional inorganic electrodes.
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| 2. |
- Choy, Manting, et al.
(författare)
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Phenotypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and effect of spironolactone treatment.
- 2022
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Ingår i: ESC heart failure. - : Wiley. - 2055-5822. ; 9:4, s. 2567-2575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to explore phenotypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and evaluate differential effects of spironolactone treatment.A swap-stepwise algorithm was used for variable selection. Latent class analysis based on 10 selected variables was employed in a derivative set of 1540 patients from the TOPCAT trial. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the prognoses and effects of spironolactone treatment. Three phenotypes of HFpEF were identified. Phenotype 1 was the youngest with low burden of co-morbidities. Phenotype 2 was the oldest with high prevalence of atrial fibrillation, pacemaker implantation, and hypothyroidism. Phenotype 3 was mostly obese and diabetic with high burden of other co-morbidities. Compared with phenotype 1, phenotypes 2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.89; P = 0.003) and 3 (HR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.80-3.07; P < 0.001) were associated with higher risks of the primary composite outcome. Spironolactone treatment was associated with a reduced risk of the primary outcome only in phenotype 1 (HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40-0.98; P = 0.042).Three distinct HFpEF phenotypes were identified. Spironolactone treatment could improve clinical outcome in a phenotype of relatively young patients with low burden of co-morbidities.
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| 3. |
- He, Xin, et al.
(författare)
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Worsening of Renal Function Among Hospitalized Patients With Acute Heart Failure: Phenotyping, Outcomes, and Predictors.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Mayo Clinic proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1942-5546 .- 0025-6196. ; 97:9, s. 1619-1630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To define clinical phenotyping and its associated outcome of worsening of renal function (WRF) in hospitalized acute heart failure (AHF) patients.Latent class analysis was performed in 113 AHF patients who developed WRF within 72 hours in the DOSE (Diuretic Optimization Strategies Evaluation) trial (from March 2008 to November 2009) and ROSE-AHF (Renal Optimization Strategies Evaluation in Acute Heart Failure) trial (from September 2010 to March 2013) to identify potential WRF phenotypes. Clinical characteristics and outcome (in-hospital and post-discharge) were compared between different phenotypes.Two WRF phenotypes were identified by latent class analysis, which we named WRF minimally responsive to diuretics (WRF-MRD) and WRF responsive to diuretics (WRF-RD). Among the population, 58 (9.5%) developed WRF-MRD and 55 (9.0%) developed WRF-RD. Patients with WRF-MRD had more comorbidities than WRF-RD. In WRF-MRD, there were an early increase in serum creatinine, a smaller amount of net fluid loss and weight loss, and a higher rate of worsening or persistent heart failure over 72 hours. In contrast, for those with WRF-RD, they had faster in-hospital net fluid loss and weight loss and a better 60-day survival after discharge even compared with patients without WRF (P=.004). Furthermore, baseline chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and cystatin C were independent predictors of WRF-MRD, whereas serum hemoglobin and sodium predicted WRF-RD.Among hospitalized AHF patients, we identified two phenotypes of WRF with distinct response to heart failure treatment, predictors, and short-term prognosis after discharge. The results could help early differentiation of WRF phenotypes in clinical practice.
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| 4. |
- Jönsson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Diplomacy: Continuity and Change
- 2004
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Ingår i: Beyond Westphalia?. - 7800098397 ; , s. 347-377
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this chapter is to identify a number of significant contemporary changes in the "old" diplomacy, associated with the Westphalian system of sovereign states, and to address the question of how thoroughgoing these changes may be. Specifically, it discusses three aspects of change: technological developments, the emergence of new types of actors in the international arena, and the changing nature of diplomatic aqents.
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