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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Birney, Ewan, et al.
(författare)
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Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 447:7146, s. 799-816
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the generation and analysis of functional data from multiple, diverse experiments performed on a targeted 1% of the human genome as part of the pilot phase of the ENCODE Project. These data have been further integrated and augmented by a number of evolutionary and computational analyses. Together, our results advance the collective knowledge about human genome function in several major areas. First, our studies provide convincing evidence that the genome is pervasively transcribed, such that the majority of its bases can be found in primary transcripts, including non-protein-coding transcripts, and those that extensively overlap one another. Second, systematic examination of transcriptional regulation has yielded new understanding about transcription start sites, including their relationship to specific regulatory sequences and features of chromatin accessibility and histone modification. Third, a more sophisticated view of chromatin structure has emerged, including its inter-relationship with DNA replication and transcriptional regulation. Finally, integration of these new sources of information, in particular with respect to mammalian evolution based on inter- and intra-species sequence comparisons, has yielded new mechanistic and evolutionary insights concerning the functional landscape of the human genome. Together, these studies are defining a path for pursuit of a more comprehensive characterization of human genome function.
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| 3. |
- Langer, Judith, et al.
(författare)
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Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 14:1, s. 28-117
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article. ©
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| 4. |
- Pott, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Ferns and fern allies from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz am See, Lower Austria: A melting pot of Mesozoic fern vegetation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Palaeontographica. Abteilung B, Palaophytologie. - Bonn : E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. - 0375-0299. ; 297:1–6, s. 1-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The floral assemblage from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz-am-See in Austria contains a rich and diverse array of ferns and fern allies, most of which have been considered only marginally, some have been described but more than a century ago and the majority have never been illustrated. Therefore, we here provide a detailed analysis of these taxa accompanied by extensive descriptions, detailed illustrations and colour restorations of the plants. We identified 17 species of lycophytes, sphenophytes and pteridophytes assignable to 14 genera in seven families. One taxon could be identified to class level only. One new genus of dipteridacean ferns (viz. Digitopteris C.Pott et Bomfleur gen. nov.), so far monotypic, is here described from Lunz with its type species Digitopteris repanda C.Pott et Bomfleur sp. nov. The Lunz flora comprises an interesting mixture of eusporangiate Marattiales and leptosporangiate Osmundales, Gleicheniales and Schizaeales; the former representing a rather primitive group of ferns. The co-occurrence of eusporangiate and leptosporangiate ferns renders the Lunz flora important given the fact that eusporangiate ferns were predominating over more modern, leptosporangiate forms during the Paleozoic, whereas they typically constitute only subordinate components in fern vegetation since the mid-Mesozoic until today. Among the leptosporangiate forms, the species from Lunz represent, due to their Triassic age, more primitive forms, which probably were rather growth-restricted thriving as herbaceous understorey layer among the shade of the eusporangiate, tree-like marattialean ferns.
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| 5. |
- Long, John A., et al.
(författare)
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Copulation in antiarch placoderms and the origin of gnathostome internal fertilization
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 517:7533, s. 196-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reproduction in jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) involves either external or internal fertilization. It is commonly argued that internal fertilization can evolve from external, but not the reverse. Male copulatoryclaspers are present in certain placoderms, fossil jawed vertebrates retrieved as a paraphyletic segment of the gnathostome stem group in recent studies. This suggests that internal fertilization could be primitive for gnathostomes, but such a conclusion depends on demonstrating that copulation was not just a specialized feature of certain placoderm subgroups. The reproductive biology of antiarchs, consistently identified as the least crownward placoderms and thus of great interest in this context, has until now remained unknown. Here we show that certain antiarchs possessed dermal claspers in the males, while females bore paired dermal plates inferred to have facilitated copulation. These structures are not associated with pelvic fins. The clasper morphology resembles that of ptyctodonts, a more crownward placoderm group, suggesting that all placoderm claspers are homologous and that internal fertilization characterized all placoderms. This implies that external fertilization and spawning, which characterize most extant aquatic gnathostomes, must be derived from internal fertilization, even though this transformation has been thought implausible. Alternatively, the substantial morphological evidence for placoderm paraphyly must be rejected.
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| 6. |
- Kebande, Victor R., Dr, et al.
(författare)
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Holistic digital forensic readiness framework for IoT-enabled organizations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Forensic Science International: Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2665-9107. ; 2, s. 100117-100117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) are becoming commonplace in homes, buildings, cities, and nations, and IoT networks are also getting more complex and interconnected. The complexity, interconnectivity, and heterogeneity of IoT systems, however, complicate digital (forensic) investigations. The challenge is compounded due to the lack of holistic and standardized approaches. Hence, building on the ISO/IEC 27043 international standard, we present a holistic digital forensic readiness (DFR) framework. We also qualitatively evaluate the utility of the proposed DFR framework.
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