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- Haïssaguerre, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization
- 2008
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 358:19, s. 2016-2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Early repolarization is a common electrocardiographic finding that is generally considered to be benign. Its potential to cause cardiac arrhythmias has been hypothesized from experimental studies, but it is not known whether there is a clinical association with sudden cardiac arrest.METHODS: We reviewed data from 206 case subjects at 22 centers who were resuscitated after cardiac arrest due to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and assessed the prevalence of electrocardiographic early repolarization. The latter was defined as an elevation of the QRS-ST junction of at least 0.1 mV from baseline in the inferior or lateral lead, manifested as QRS slurring or notching. The control group comprised 412 subjects without heart disease who were matched for age, sex, race, and level of physical activity. Follow-up data that included the results of monitoring with an implantable defibrillator were obtained for all case subjects.RESULTS: Early repolarization was more frequent in case subjects with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation than in control subjects (31% vs. 5%, P<0.001). Among case subjects, those with early repolarization were more likely to be male and to have a history of syncope or sudden cardiac arrest during sleep than those without early repolarization. In eight subjects, the origin of ectopy that initiated ventricular arrhythmias was mapped to sites concordant with the localization of repolarization abnormalities. During a mean (+/-SD) follow-up of 61+/-50 months, defibrillator monitoring showed a higher incidence of recurrent ventricular fibrillation in case subjects with a repolarization abnormality than in those without such an abnormality (hazard ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 3.5; P=0.008).CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with a history of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, there is an increased prevalence of early repolarization.
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| 4. |
- Hiesmayr, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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The Patient- And Nutrition-Derived Outcome Risk Assessment Score (PANDORA) : Development of a Simple Predictive Risk Score for 30-Day In-Hospital Mortality Based on Demographics, Clinical Observation, and Nutrition
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 10:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To develop a simple scoring system to predict 30 day in-hospital mortality of in-patients excluding those from intensive care units based on easily obtainable demographic, disease and nutrition related patient data. Methods Score development with general estimation equation methodology and model selection by P-value thresholding based on a cross-sectional sample of 52 risk indicators with 123 item classes collected with questionnaires and stored in an multilingual online database. Setting Worldwide prospective cross-sectional cohort with 30 day in-hospital mortality from the nutritionDay 2006-2009 and an external validation sample from 2012. Results We included 43894 patients from 2480 units in 32 countries. 1631(3.72%) patients died within 30 days in hospital. The Patient-And Nutrition-Derived Outcome Risk Assessment (PANDORA) score predicts 30-day hospital mortality based on 7 indicators with 31 item classes on a scale from 0 to 75 points. The indicators are age (0 to 17 points), nutrient intake on nutritionDay (0 to 12 points), mobility (0 to 11 points), fluid status (0 to 10 points), BMI (0 to 9 points), cancer (9 points) and main patient group (0 to 7 points). An appropriate model fit has been achieved. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for mortality prediction was 0.82 in the development sample and 0.79 in the external validation sample. Conclusions The PANDORA score is a simple, robust scoring system for a general population of hospitalised patients to be used for risk stratification and benchmarking.
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- Schindler, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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How nutritional risk is assessed and managed in European hospitals : a survey of 21,007 patients findings from the 2007-2008 cross-sectional nutritionDay survey
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 29:5, s. 552-559
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Recognition and treatment of undernutrition in hospitalized patients are not often a priority in clinical practice.OBJECTIVES: We investigated how the nutritional risk of patients is determined and whether such assessment influences daily nutritional care across Europe and in Israeli hospitals.METHODS: 1217 units from 325 hospitals in 25 countries with 21,007 patients participated in a longitudinal survey "nutritionDay" 2007/2008 undertaken in Europe and Israel. Screening practice, the type of tools used and whether energy requirements and intake are assessed and monitored were surveyed using standardized questionnaires.RESULTS: Fifty-two percent (range 21-73%) of the units in the different regions reported a screening routine which was most often performed with locally developed methods and less often with national tools, the Nutrition Risk Screening-2002, or the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool. Twenty-seven percent of the patients were subjectively classified as being "at nutritional risk", with substantial differences existing between regions. Independent factors influencing the classification of nutritional risk included age, BMI <18.5 kg/m(2), unintentional weight loss, reduced food intake in the previous week and on nutritionDay (for all parameters, p < 0.0001). The energy goal was defined as >=1500 kcal in 76% of the patients, but 43% of patients did not reach this goal.CONCLUSIONS: The process of nutrition risk assessment varied between units and countries. Additionally, energy goals were frequently not met. More effort is needed to implement current guidelines within daily clinical practice.
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| 6. |
- Schindler, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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To eat or not to eat? Indicators for reduced food intake in 91,245 patients hospitalized on nutritionDays 2006-2014 in 56 countries worldwide : a descriptive analysis
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - Bethesda, USA : American Society for Nutrition. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 104:5, s. 1393-1402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Inadequate nutrition during hospitalization is strongly associated with poor patient outcome, but ensuring adequate food intake is not a priority in clinical routine worldwide. This lack of priority results in inadequate and unbalanced food intake in patients and huge amounts of wasted food.Objectives: We evaluate the main factors that are associated with reduced meal intake in hospitalized patients and the differences between geographical regions.Design: We conducted a descriptive analysis of data from 9 consecutive, annual, and cross-sectional nutritionDay samples (2006-2014) in a total of 91,245 adult patients in 6668 wards in 2584 hospitals in 56 countries. A general estimation equation methodology was used to develop a model for meal intake, and P-value thresholding was used for model selection.Results: The proportion of patients who ate a full meal varied widely (24.7-61.5%) across world regions. The factors that were most strongly associated with reduced food intake on nutritionDay were reduced intake during the previous week (OR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.22), confinement to bed (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.55), female sex (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.56), younger age (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.85) and older age (OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.74; 0.88), and low body mass index (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.90). The pattern of associated factors was homogenous across world regions.Conclusions: A set of factors that are associated with full meal intake was identified and is applicable to patients hospitalized in any region of the world. Thus, the likelihood for reduced food intake is easily estimated through access to patient characteristics, independent of world regions, and enables the easy personalization of food provision. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02820246.
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- Wessén, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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A constraint programming model for the scheduling and workspace layout design of a dual-arm multi-tool assembly robot
- 2023
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Ingår i: Constraints. - : Springer. - 1383-7133 .- 1572-9354. ; 28, s. 71-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The generation of a robot program can be seen as a collection of sub-problems, where many combinations of some of these sub-problems are well studied. The performance of a robot program is strongly conditioned by the location of the tasks. However, the scope of previous methods does not include workspace layout design, likely missing high-quality solutions. In industrial applications, designing robot workspace layout is part of the commissioning. We broaden the scope and show how to model a dual-arm multi-tool robot assembly problem. Our model includes more robot programming sub-problems than previous methods, as well as workspace layout design. We propose a constraint programming formulation in MiniZinc that includes elements from scheduling and routing, extended with variable task locations. We evaluate the model on realistic assembly problems and workspaces, utilizing the dual-arm YuMi robot from ABB Ltd. We also evaluate redundant constraints and various formulations for avoiding arm-to-arm collisions. The best model variant quickly finds high-quality solutions for all problem instances. This demonstrates the potential of our approach as a valuable tool for a robot programmer. © 2023, The Author(s).
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- Windahl, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Manufacturing firms and integrated solutions: characteristics and implications
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Innovation Management. - : Emerald. - 1460-1060 .- 1758-7115. ; 7:3, s. 218-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For an increasing number of firms in the capital goods industry, combinations of products and services, so called integrated solutions, are becoming part of their future growth strategies. By analysing three case studies, the article highlights the variety of such solutions and some important implications for the involved companies. The analysis suggests that companies need an extended set of competences to succeed in providing integrated solutions, amounting to a balance of technical and integration competence with market/business, consulting and partnering competences. This implies a move from product-focus to customer-centric orientation and focus on optimisation of user processes. From a research perspective the paper underlines the importance of integrating studies of product and service innovation, two fields that so far have been studied separately.
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