| 1. |
- Harmini, Sri, et al.
(författare)
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Fungal Pretreatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch : Effect of Manganese and Nitrogen
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cellulose Chemistry and Technology. - : Editura Academiei Romane. - 0576-9787. ; 47:9-10, s. 751-757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was biologically pretreated using Pleurotus floridanus LIPIMC996 supplemented with various concentrations of manganese and nitrogen and incubated for 35 days at 30°C, and enzyme activities of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase were examined. When OPEFB was supplemented with manganese, the highest lignin reduction was achieved up to 25.0±5.6% at the addition of 200 μg Mn2+/g OPEFB.In addition, Pleurotus floridanus LIPIMC996 grew best on OPEFB supplemented with 800 μg Mn2+/g OPEFB. When OPEFB was supplemented with nitrogen, the highest lignin reduction was achieved up to 27.2± 3.5% at the addition of 20 mM nitrogen. The best growth of Pleurotus floridanus was also achieved with the addition of 20 mM nitrogen. The addition of nitrogen and manganese on OPEFB did not significantly affect the activity of MnP and laccase.
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| 2. |
- Marhendraswari, M. B.D., et al.
(författare)
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Production of edible fungal (Rhizopus delemar CBS 145940) biomass from organosolv-pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in submerged fermentation
- 2020
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1757-8981 .- 1757-899X. ; 991:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accumulation of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) from palm oil industry poses challenges for the disposal process, which leads to environmental damage. For this reason, valorization of OPEFB fractions to produce edible fungal biomass was carried out in this research. The fungus was Rhizopus delemar CBS 145940, which is an edible fungus, Indonesian indigenous, and is favorable for the production of several end products. Organosolv pretreatment was first conducted on OPEFB using ethanol (50%) as the solvent. Enzymatic hydrolysis was then performed using Cellic® Ctec3 on the pretreated-OPEFB fractions. Hydrolyzates from cellulose-rich fraction, slurry (a mixture of cellulose-rich fraction and hemicellulose-rich fraction), and hemicellulose-rich fraction were used as the cultivation media for fungal growth. The corresponding yield of fungal biomass from each medium was 0.62 ± 0.07 g/g glucose; 0.41 ± 0.02; and 0.61 ± 0.13 g/g fermentable sugars, respectively. These results showed that Rhizopus delemar CBS 145940 could be grown in all the hydrolyzates from the OPEFB fractions. Nevertheless, in order to obtain higher fungal biomass, supplementation of nutrition was needed.
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| 3. |
- Teghammar, Anna, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Anaerobic Digestion by the Addition of Paper Tube Residuals: Pretreatment, Stabilizing, and Synergetic Effects
- 2013
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5029 .- 0887-0624. ; 27:1, s. 277-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study deals with the addition of paper tube residuals to a nitrogen-rich mixture of organic waste obtained from industrial and municipal activities. This nitrogen-rich mixture, called buffer tank substrate (BTS) in the following text, is used in a large-scale biogas plant. The effects were investigated in semi-continuous co-digestion processes, and variations in operational conditions were studied. The addition of paper tubes had stabilizing effects, prevented the failure of the process, and made it possible to decrease the hydraulic retention time from 25 to 20 days. Furthermore, synergetic effects were found, with 15-34% higher methane yields, when paper tubes were co-digested with BTS. Moreover, steam explosion pretreatment of the paper tube waste with the addition of 0-2% NaOH was evaluated by batch digestion experiments. Increasing the NaOH concentrations used in the pretreatment resulted in increasing methane yields, with the highest of 403 N mL of CH4 g(-1) of volatile solids (VS) corresponding to an increase by 50% compared to that when untreated paper was digested (268 N mL of CH4 g(-1) of VS). The long-term effects of this best pretreatment were further investigated by continuous co-digestion experiments, leading to a higher methane yield when pretreated paper tubes were used in the co-digestion process compared to untreated.
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