| 1. |
- Mumme, Steffen, et al.
(författare)
-
Wherever I may roam—Human activity alters movements of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and elk (Cervus canadensis) across two continents
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 29:20, s. 5788-5801
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human activity and associated landscape modifications alter the movements of animals with consequences for populations and ecosystems worldwide. Species performing long-distance movements are thought to be particularly sensitive to human impact. Despite the increasing anthropogenic pressure, it remains challenging to understand and predict animals' responses to human activity. Here we address this knowledge gap using 1206 Global Positioning System movement trajectories of 815 individuals from 14 red deer (Cervus elaphus) and 14 elk (Cervus canadensis) populations spanning wide environmental gradients, namely the latitudinal range from the Alps to Scandinavia in Europe, and the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in North America. We measured individual-level movements relative to the environmental context, or movement expression, using the standardized metric Intensity of Use, reflecting both the directionality and extent of movements. We expected movement expression to be affected by resource (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) predictability and topography, but those factors to be superseded by human impact. Red deer and elk movement expression varied along a continuum, from highly segmented trajectories over relatively small areas (high intensity of use), to directed transitions through restricted corridors (low intensity of use). Human activity (Human Footprint Index, HFI) was the strongest driver of movement expression, with a steep increase in Intensity of Use as HFI increased, but only until a threshold was reached. After exceeding this level of impact, the Intensity of Use remained unchanged. These results indicate the overall sensitivity of Cervus movement expression to human activity and suggest a limitation of plastic responses under high human pressure, despite the species also occurring in human-dominated landscapes. Our work represents the first comparison of metric-based movement expression across widely distributed populations of a deer genus, contributing to the understanding and prediction of animals' responses to human activity. Global Change Biology© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
|
|
| 2. |
- Seanor, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
-
Catch the feeling of Flying : Guided walks through a trampoline Olympic development environment
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology. - Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics. - 2470-4849 .- 2470-4857. ; 3:1, s. 11-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Olympic podium performances represent peak accomplishments in athletes’ developments. Seanor, Schinke, Stambulova, Ross, and Kpazai (2017) identified environmental factors within a high-performance Canadian trampoline sport environment that developed decorated Olympic medalists. The current intrinsic case study was authored to further highlight the idiosyncrasies of a high-performance trampoline environment (re)presenting stories garnered from within this localized Canadian sport environment. Through guided walks, a mobile method of conversational interviews, three contextual experts engaged in Olympic athlete development provided tours of their sport environment. Each contextual expert’s guided walk played out uniquely inrelation to their ascribed role (i.e., Olympic coach, Assistant coach and Olympic champion). Three main themes were identified through interpretive thematic analysis: 1) creating lift (sub-themes: facility design; sport culture paragons), 2) providing a tailwind (sub-themes: establishing athlete-coach partnerships; team interactions), and 3) soaring onto the Olympic podium (sub-themes: preparing athletes to be untethered; competitive collaboration). Each theme is presented through three portrait vignettes, with discrete vantages derived from each contextual expert to illuminate the context from idiosyncratic ascribed roles within the environment. These stories create a fulsome (re)presentation of a high-performance sport environment through the interplay of the contextual experts’ narratives, their surrounding context, and their Olympic podium accomplishments.
|
|
