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- Tuvblad, Catherine, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical and verbal aggressive behavior and COMT genotype : Sensitivity to the environment
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B. - Hoboken, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 1552-4841 .- 1552-485X. ; 171:5, s. 708-718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype has been implicated as a vulnerability factor for several psychiatric diseases as well as aggressive behavior, either directly, or in interaction with an adverse environment. The present study aimed at investigating the susceptibility properties of COMT genotype to adverse and favorable environment in relation to physical and verbal aggressive behavior. The COMT Val158Met polymorphism was genotyped in a Swedish population-based cohort including 1,783 individuals, ages 20-24 years (47% males). A significant three-way interaction was found, after correction for multiple testing, between COMT genotype, exposure to violence, and parent-child relationship in association with physical but not verbal aggressive behavior. Homozygous for the Val allele reported lower levels of physical aggressive behavior when they were exposed to violence and at the same time experienced a positive parent-child relationship compared to Met carriers. Thus, susceptibility properties of COMT genotype were observed in relation to physical aggressive behavior supporting the hypothesis that COMT genotypes are modifying the sensitivity to environment that confers either risk or protection for aggressive behavior. As these are novel findings, they warrant further investigation and replication in independent samples.
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- Vrettou, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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VGLUT2 rs2290045 genotype moderates environmental sensitivity to alcohol-related problems in three samples of youths
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 28:10, s. 1329-1340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 (VGLUT2)-mediated neurotransmission has been highlighted in studies on addiction-related phenotypes. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs2290045 in VGLUT2 has been associated with alcohol dependence, but it is unknown whether or how this association is affected by environmental factors. The present study determined whether the association of alcohol-related problems with the rs2290045 in the VGLUT2 gene was modified by negative and positive environmental factors. Three samples were included: a clinical sample of 131 adolescents followed from age 17 to 22; a general population sample of 1794 young adults; and a general population sample of 1687 adolescents followed from age 14 to 17. DNA was extracted from saliva and the rs2290045 (T/C) was genotyped. Alcohol-related problems were assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Stressful life events (SLE) and parenting were assessed by questionnaires. Gene-environment interactions were investigated using a dual statistical approach. In all samples (effect sizes 0.6-6.2%), and consistent with the differential susceptibility framework, T carriers exposed to SLE reported more alcohol-related problems if they had experienced poor parenting, and lower alcohol-related problems if they had received supportive parenting. T carriers not exposed to SLE reported higher alcohol-related problems if they had received supportive parenting and lower alcohol-related problems if they had received poor parenting. Among CC carriers, alcohol-related problems did not vary as a function of negative and positive environmental factors. In conclusion, in three samples of youths, alcohol-related problems were associated with an interaction of VGLUT2 rs2290045, SLE, and parenting.
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- Vrettou, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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VGLUT2 genotype interacts with environmental experiences to predict alcohol misuse in young adults
- 2016
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Ingår i: ISBRA ESBRA World Congress on Alcohol an Alcoholism, Berlin, Germany.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The heritability of alcohol use disorder (AUD) ranges between 40 to 60%, as demonstrated by twin studies. Environmental factors are hence of importance for the developmental trajectory of the disorder. Gene-by-environment interactions indeed influence neuroplasticity and determine the individual’s susceptibility or resilience to AUD. Lately, a role of Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 (VGLUT2)-mediated neurotransmission has been indicated in studies of addiction- and alcohol-related phenotypes. We previously demonstrated an association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2290045 in the VGLUT2 gene and alcohol dependence as well as showed an interaction effect between voluntary ethanol drinking and early life stress on Vglut2 expression in the ventral tegmental area of outbred rats. In the present study, using a population-based, cross-sectional and retrospective design, we aimed to investigate the association between two candidate VGLUT2 SNPs, rs1900586 and rs2290045, and aversive as well as supportive environmental factors on alcohol misuse in young adults. A total of 2,500 (52.6% females) individuals (mean age: 22.15 years) were included in the study. Aversive life events (i.e., physical violence, verbal aggression, witnessing violence) and parent-child relationship (i.e., early: until 18 years of age; lifetime: until present) were self-reported. Alcohol misuse was assessed using the AUD Identification Test (AUDIT). Preliminary results showed no main genotype effects on drinking profile. Multivariable analyses revealed that SNP rs1900586 interacted with exposure to verbal aggression and early parent-child relationship in respect to AUDIT scores. Male carriers of the major (T) allele reported higher AUDIT scores when exposed to verbal aggression and poor early parent-child relationship than the C carriers exposed to the same environment, while the opposite pattern was noted in the presence of supportive parent-child relationship. In individuals with symptoms of dependence or harmful alcohol use, SNP rs1900586 interacted with exposure to physical violence and parent-child relationship (early and lifetime) in both sexes. The same interaction effect was detected for SNP rs2290045 in females. These preliminary findings provide the first evidence that VGLUT2 genotype moderates the environmental sensitivity to alcohol misuse among young adults and call for further investigation in independent cohorts, including clinical samples.
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