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- Görman, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Religious responses to biotechnology
- 2002
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Ingår i: Science and Religion dialogues. - 9738571138 ; , s. 114-138
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I artikeln presenterar och diskuterar jag religiösa ställningstaganden inom kristna konfessioner, judendom och islam, till frågor som aktualiseras av några användningar av bioteknologi. Till sådana hör assisterad befruktning, hantering av embryon och stamceller, prenatal genetisk diagnostik och selektiv abort, organtransplantation och genterapi. Inom varje religiös tradition finner man ett spektrum av konservativa, liberala och radikala ståndpunkter. Jag argumenterar för att de skilda religösa reaktionerna är svåra att förstå som resultat av principiella överväganden, och att de lättare kan förstås som resultat av kasuistiska överväganden baserade i för respektive religiös tradition karakteristiska profilståndpunkter.
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| 4. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Construction of levodopa-response index from wearable sensors for quantifying Parkinson's disease motor functions
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of wrist worn motion sensors to objectively measure motor functions in Parkinson’s disease (PD). More specifically, the aim was to construct a sensor-based levodopa-response index (SBLRI) and evaluate its clinimetric properties (convergent validity and internal consistency). Nineteen advanced PD patients and 22 healthy controls were recruited in a single center, open label, single dose clinical trial in Sweden. The subjects performed standardized motor tasks while wearing one sensor on each wrist and one on each ankle. Each sensor unit consisted of three-dimensional accelerometer and gyroscope. The patients were video recorded and the videos were blindly rated by three independent movement disorder specialists. The clinical scores were given using the Treatment Response Scale (TRS) on a scale from -3 = ‘Very Off’ to 0 = ‘On’ to +3 = ‘Very dyskinetic’. The clinical assessments were based on the overall motor function of the patients. A mean TRS was defined as the mean of the three specialists’ assessments per time point. The measurements were repeated over several time points following a single levodopa/carbidopa morning dose (50% over normal to induce dyskinesias). Sensor measurements during rapid alternating movements of hands were processed with time series analysis methods to calculate spatiotemporal parameters designed to measure bradykinesia and dyskinesia. For each hand, 96 spatiotemporal parameters were calculated and their average scores were then used in a principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality by retaining 6 principal components. These components were then used as predictors to support vector machines and to be mapped to the mean TRS ratings of the three specialists and to calculate the SBLRI. For this analysis, a 10-fold stratified cross-validation was performed. The SBLRI was strongly correlated to mean TRS with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.79 (CI: 0.74-0.83, p<0.001). The 95% confidence interval for the mean squared error of SBLRI on patients data was ± 1.62 with a mean value of 0.57 whereas on healthy controls data was ± 1 with a mean value of 0.27. The sensor-based spatiotemporal parameters had good internal consistency with a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.87 and significantly differed between patients and healthy controls. The results demonstrated that the SBLRI had good clinimetric properties for measuring motor functions (Off and dyskinesia) in PD patients. The method could also distinguish hand rotation movements exhibited by patients from those exhibited by healthy controls. The SBLRI provides effect-time profiles, which could be useful during therapy individualization of advanced PD patients.
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| 6. |
- Niemelä, Valter, et al.
(författare)
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CSF Proenkephalin decreases with the progression of Huntington's disease
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Identifying molecular changes that contribute to the onset and progression of Huntington's disease (HD) is of importance for the development and evaluation of potential therapies. We conducted an unbiased mass-spectrometry proteomic analysis on the cerebrospinal fluid of 12 manifest HD patients (ManHD), 13 presymptomatic gene expansion carriers (pGEC) and 38 controls. In ManHD compared to pGEC 10 proteins were downregulated, and 43 upregulated. Decreased levels of proenkephalin (PENK) and transthyretin along with upregulated proteins (VASN, STC2, SGCE and C7) were all closely linked to HD symptom severity. The decreased PENK levels were replicated in a separate cohort of 23 ManHD and 23 controls where absolute quantitation was performed. We hypothesize that declining PENK levels reflect the degeneration of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) that produce PENK, and that assays for PENK may serve as a surrogate marker for the state of MSNs in HD.
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| 7. |
- Rudenholm, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in DM1: a 14-year Follow Up Study.
- 2019
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Ingår i: IDMC-12, Göteborg 2019, Konferensprogram.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: DM1 affects cognition, but worsening over time and relation to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers is yet unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate this further. Methods: CSF levels of beta amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42), total- and phosphorylated tau protein (t-tau/p-tau), neurofilament light chain (NFL), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and cognitive performance on neuropsychological tests were measured in 17 patients with DM1 at baseline 2004 and follow up 2018. Results: CSF-Aβ42 was decreased in 1 patient (5.9%) at follow up compared to 6 patients (35%) at baseline (p <0.001). Remaining biomarkers were without change or pathology. Patients scored worse on cognitive measures at follow-up, unrelated to CSF biomarkers. Conclusions: Cognitive decline was observed but could not be related to disturbance in CSF-biomarkers. This suggesting a neurodegenerative process not intense enough to be observable using the employed biomarkers.
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| 8. |
- Senek, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Levodopa/carbidopa microtablets in Parkinson disease : pharmacokinetics and blinded motor assessment
- 2016
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Ingår i: Twentieth International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to characterize the levodopa and carbidopa plasma concentration in relation to blinded motor function ratings. This is a part of a study where a Multimodal motor Symptoms Quantification (MuSyQ) platform consisting of three different types of sensors were tested while evoking motor fluctuations with levodopa/carbidopa(LD/CD) microtablets in fluctuating Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Today, dose titration and chronic treatment largely relies on the patient’s subjective assessment of symptoms and clinicians’ assessment of patient status during a visit at the clinic. This was a single-center, open-label, single dose study in patients experiencing motor fluctuations. Patients were given 150% of their individual levodopa equivalent morning dose. Blood sampling and motor function testing were conducted for up to 6.5 hours at prespecified time points. The patients performed standardized motor activities for clinical rating in accordance with parts of the Unified Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Unified Dyskinesia RatingScale (UDysRS). Each test cycle was video recorded, and the video sequences were presented to three movement disorder specialists in a randomized order for blinded rating of UPDRS items and the treatment response scale (TRS). Concentration versus time profiles and the pharmacokinetics were compared with a study previously conducted in healthy subjects. Nineteen patients, 14 male and 5 female, were included in the study. The individual LD/CD doses ranged between 110/27.5mg to 410/102.5 mg. The concentration time profiles are similar to the LD/CD microtablet profiles reported in healthy subjects. The blinded video ratings managed to capture the most distinctive movements. This is the first pharmacokinetic study where patients received LD/CD microtablets. For patients fluctuating from 'off' to dyskinetic, the relationship between the plasma concentration and motor function was clearer compared to the patients that fluctuated to a lesser extent.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Senek, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Motor fluctuations in relation to plasma concentrations following a single-dose of levodopa/carbidopa microtablets in advanced Parkinson's disease
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the levodopa and carbidopa plasma concentration in relation to blinded motor function ratings. This is a part of a study where a Multimodal motor Symptoms Quantification (MuSyQ) platform consisting of three different types of sensors were tested while evoking motor fluctuations with levodopa/car-bidopa (LD/CD) microtablets in fluctuating Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients.Background: Today, dose titration and chronic treatment largely relies on the patient’s subjective assessment of symptoms and clinicians’ assessment of patient status during a visit at the clinic.Methods: This was a single-center, open-label, single dose study in patients experiencing motor fluctuations. Patients were given 150% of their individual levodopa equivalent morning dose. Blood sampling and motor function testing were conducted for up to 6.5 hours at prepecified time points. The patients performed standardized motor activities for clinical rating in accordance with parts of the Unified Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS). Each test cycle was video recorded, and the video sequences were presented to three movement disorder specialists in a randomized order for blinded rating of UPDRS items and the treatment response scale (TRS). Concentration versus time profiles and the pharmacokinetics were compared with a study previously conducted in healthy subjects.Results: Nineteen patients, 14 male and 5 female, were included in the study. The individual LD/CD doses ranged between 110/27.5 mg to 410/102.5 mg. The concentration time profiles are similar to the LD/CD microtablet profiles reported in healthy subjects. The blinded video ratings managed to capture the most distinctive movements.Conclusions: This is the first pharmacokinetic study where patients received LD/CD microtablets. For patients fluctuating from ‘off’ to dyskinetic, the relationship between the plasma concentration and motor function was clearer compared to the patients that fluctuated to a lesser extent.
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