| 1. |
- Brooke, Hannah L, et al.
(author)
-
A systematic literature review with meta-analyses of within- and between-day differences in objectively measured physical activity in school-aged children.
- 2014
-
In: Sports Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0112-1642 .- 1179-2035. ; 44:10, s. 1427-38
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Targeting specific time periods of the day or week may enhance physical activity (PA) interventions in youth. The most prudent time segments to target are currently unclear.OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the literature describing differences in young people's objectively measured PA on weekdays vs. weekends, in school vs. out of school, weekends vs. out of school and lesson time vs. break time.METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for English-language, cross-sectional studies of school-aged children (4-18 years) reporting time-segment-specific accelerometer-measured PA from 01/1990 to 01/2013. We meta-analysed standardised mean differences (SMD) between time segments for mean accelerometer counts per minute (TPA) and minutes in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). SMD is reported in units of standard deviation; 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8 represent small, moderate and large effects. Heterogeneity was explored using meta-regression (potential effect modifiers: age, sex and study setting).RESULTS: Of the 54 included studies, 37 were eligible for meta-analyses. Children were more active on weekdays than weekends [pooled SMD (95 % CI) TPA 0.14 (0.08; 0.20), MVPA 0.42 (0.35; 0.49)]. On school days, TPA was lower in school than out of school; however, marginally more MVPA was accumulated in school [TPA -0.24 (-0.40; -0.08), MVPA 0.17 (-0.03; 0.38)]. TPA was slightly lower on weekends than out of school on school days, but a greater absolute volume of MVPA was performed on weekends [TPA -0.10 (-0.19; -0.01), MVPA 1.02 (0.82; 1.23)]. Heterogeneity between studies was high (I (2) 73.3-96.3 %), with 20.3-53.1 % of variance between studies attributable to potential moderating factors.CONCLUSIONS: School-aged children are more active on weekdays than weekend days. The outcome measure influences the conclusions for other comparisons. Findings support the tailoring of intervention strategies to specific time periods.
|
|
| 2. |
- Brooke, Hannah L, et al.
(author)
-
Changes in time-segment specific physical activity between ages 10 and 14 years : A longitudinal observational study.
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. - : Elsevier BV. - 1440-2440 .- 1878-1861. ; 19:1, s. 29-34
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Describe (1) time-segment specific changes in physical activity (PA) into adolescence, (2) differences in change in PA between specific time-segments (weekdays-weekends, in-school-out-of-school, out-of-school-weekends, lesson-time-lunch-time), and (3) associations of change in time-segment specific with overall PA.DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study (4-year follow-up).METHODS: Children from the SPEEDY study (n=769, 42% boys) had PA measured by accelerometer for at least three days at ages 10.2±0.3, 11.2±0.3 and 14.3±0.3years. Changes in moderate-to-vigorous PA (ΔMVPA, minutes ≥2000counts/minute [cpm]) and total PA (ΔTPA, average cpm) during weekdays, weekends, in-school, out-of-school, lesson-times and lunch-times, were tested using three level (age, individual, school) mixed-effects linear regression. Differences in ΔMVPA/ΔTPA between time-segments were tested using time-segment×age interaction terms. Associations of four-year time-segment specific ΔMVPA/ΔTPA with four-year overall ΔMVPA/ΔTPA were tested using two level (time-segment specific ΔMVPA/ΔTPA, school) mixed-effects linear regression.RESULTS: MVPA and TPA declined in all time-segments, except lesson-time MVPA. Annual ΔMVPA and, for boys only, ΔTPA was greater on weekends than weekdays (beta±SE for interaction term: boys, -3.53±0.83min, -29.64±7.64cpm; girls, -2.20±0.64min) and out-of-school (boys, -4.36±0.79min, -19.36±8.46cpm; girls, -2.44±0.63min). ΔMVPA and ΔTPA during lunch-time was greater than during lesson-time (boys, -0.96±0.20min, -36.43±6.55cpm; girls, -0.90±0.13min, -38.72±4.40cpm). ΔTPA was greater out-of-school than in-school (boys, -19.89±6.71cpm; girls, -18.46±6.51cpm). For all time-segments, four-year ΔMVPA/ΔTPA was positively associated with four-year overall ΔMVPA/ΔTPA (all p<0.042), except for girl's in-school and lunch-time TPA.CONCLUSIONS: Interventions focused on PA maintenance could target all time-segments, but weekends and out-of-school may be particularly advantageous due to the relatively large declines observed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Brooke, Hannah L, et al.
(author)
-
Frequency and duration of physical activity bouts in school-aged children : A comparison within and between days.
- 2016
-
In: Preventive medicine reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-3355. ; 4, s. 585-590
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Understanding how physical activity (PA) patterns vary within and between days may guide PA promotion in young people. We aimed to 1) describe and compare the frequency (bouts/day) and duration (min/bout) of bouts of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) on weekdays vs. weekends and in-school vs. out-of-school, and 2) assess associations of bout frequency and duration in these time-segments with overall PA. We used cross-sectional accelerometer data from 2737 children (aged 6-19 years) in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006. A bout was defined as MVPA (≥ 2000 counts per minute [cpm]) lasting ≥ 3 min. Adjusted Wald tests were used to assess differences in bout characteristics between time-segments. Linear regression was used to examine the association of time-segment specific bout characteristics with daily minutes of MVPA and PA volume (average cpm). Bout frequency was higher on weekdays than weekends (median [IQR] 4.3 [2.2-7.2] vs. 3.0 [1.0-6.5] bouts/day, p < 0.001); however, bout duration did not differ (4.7 [4.0-5.7] vs. 4.5 [3.7-5.8] min/bout, p = 0.33). More bouts were accumulated out-of-school compared with in-school (2.2 [1.0-4.0] vs. 1.8 [0.8-3.2] bouts/day, p < 0.001), but bout duration was similar (4.7 [3.8-5.8] vs. 4.5 [3.8-5.7] min/bout, p = 0.158). For all time-segments, the frequency and duration of bouts of MVPA were independently and positively associated with overall MVPA and PA volume. In conclusion, the characteristics of children's PA vary within and between days; accounting for this in intervention design may improve future interventions. However, increasing bout frequency or duration in any time-segment may be beneficial for overall PA.
|
|
| 4. |
- Brooke, Hannah L, et al.
(author)
-
More of the same or a change of scenery : an observational study of variety and frequency of physical activity in British children.
- 2013
-
In: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 13
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Physical activity is important for children's health, but successful physical activity promotion is challenging. Whether performing many different types of activities (Variety) is associated with higher physical activity independent of the number of activity sessions (Frequency) is unknown, but this information could inform physical activity promotion and public health strategies in children.METHODS: In the SPEEDY study we measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA; ≥2000 counts/minute) over 7 days using GT1M Actigraph accelerometers in 1700 children from Norfolk, UK (56% girls, Mean ± SD 10.3 ± 0.3 years-old). Children reported participation in 28 leisure-time activities over the previous 7 days. Sex differences in activity participation were assessed using multilevel logistic regression, clustered by school. Associations of log-transformed MVPA with z-score-Variety (number of different activities/week) and z-score-Frequency (sum of all activity sessions/week) were examined using multilevel linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, parental education and age-standardised BMI.RESULTS: Children's activity participation often reflected gender stereotypes. Mean ± SD Variety was 10.8 ± 5.0 activities/week, and Frequency was 24.2±15.0 sessions/week. In separate models lnMVPA had similar strength, positive associations with z-score-Variety and z-score-Frequency (Exp β(95% CI); Variety 1.04(1.02-1.06), Frequency 1.04(1.02-1.06)). lnMVPA was not associated with z-score-Variety independent of z-score-Frequency (Variety 1.01(0.98-1.04), Frequency 1.03(1.00-1.06)).CONCLUSIONS: Future physical activity interventions and public health strategies could allow for gender specific activity preferences and could target both Variety and Frequency of activities participated in by children.
|
|
| 5. |
- Brooke, Hannah L, et al.
(author)
-
Physical activity maintenance in the transition to adolescence : a longitudinal study of the roles of sport and lifestyle activities in British youth.
- 2014
-
In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Promoting physical activity in youth is important for health, but existing physical activity interventions have had limited success. We aimed to inform intervention design by i) describing drop-out, continuation and uptake of specific activities over the transition to adolescence; and ii) examining Variety (number of different activities/week) and Frequency (number of activity session/week) of activity participation and their associations with changes in objectively measured physical activity from childhood to adolescence.METHODS: At age 10.2±0.3 and 14.2±0.3 years, 319 children in the SPEEDY study (46% boys) wore GT1M Actigraph accelerometers for 7 days and provided self-reported participation (never, once, 2 to 3 times or four or more times, over the last 7 days) in 23 leisure-time activities. Associations of change in moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) (≥2000 counts/minute) and change in total physical activity (TPA) (average accelerometer counts/minute) with exposure variables Z-score transformed (change in) Variety and Frequency were examined using multilevel linear regression, clustered by school, in simple and adjusted models.RESULTS: The number of children ever reporting a specific activity ranged from 30 ('Hockey') to 279 ('Running or jogging'). Some activities were susceptible to drop-out (e.g. 'Skipping') but others were commonly continued or taken up (e.g. 'Household chores'). Overall, Variety and Frequency declined (mean±SD ΔVariety -3.1±4.4 activities/week; ΔFrequency -7.2±12.0 session/week). ΔMVPA and ΔTPA were not associated with Variety or Frequency at baseline, nor with ΔVariety or ΔFrequency (p>0.29 in all models).CONCLUSIONS: Popularity of specific activities as well as drop-out, continuation and uptake should be considered in future intervention development. Activities that are commonly continued or taken up may be more valuable to encourage in interventions than those with low participation or high drop-out. We did not find evidence to support the idea that Variety and Frequency may be key elements to include in future interventions.
|
|
| 6. |
- Corder, Kirsten, et al.
(author)
-
Physical activity
- 2008. - 2
-
In: Paediatric exercise science and medicine. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199232482 ; , s. 129-144
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
