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- Berglin, Ewa, MD, PhD, 1955-, et al.
(author)
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Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibodies predate symptom onset of anca-associated vasculitis : a case-control study
- 2020
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In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 79, s. 1065-1066
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibodies (ANCA) is important for the diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and reflects on-going immune processes. The timing of the antibody development and its contribution to disease is not well established.Objectives:To investigate the presence of proteinase 3 (PR3)- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA in blood samples collected from healthy individuals who subsequently developed AAV.Methods:The Swedish National Patient Register of inpatient care and the Swedish Cause of Death Register were used to identify individuals assigned ICD codes for AAV (1) in the discharge summary or cause of death, respectively. The resulted cohort was then linked to the registers of 4 different biobanks to identify those with available predating blood samples. Diagnoses of AAV were confirmed and time point for onset of symptoms was identified by reviewing all available case records (1); 68 were classified as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 14 as microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 4 as eosinophilic GPA (EGPA). The 86 cases (36 males, 50 females) had a mean (SD) age of 51.9 (16.9) years at sampling, with ≥1 sample (26% plasma, 74% serum samples). The sampling time point before onset of symptoms was mean (SD); 4.4 (3.1) years. Serum and plasma control samples (n=198; 82 males, 116 females; mean age (SD); 52.0 (16.5) years) were identified and matched for sex, age and date of sampling. The samples were first screened for ANCA using high sensitive ELISA (ORGANTEC diagnostika, Germany) and samples close to or above cut-off level were further analysed for capture PR3- and capture MPO-ANCA (ELISA; SVAR Life Science, Sweden). For each case one control sample was included for the ANCA specificity tests. Statistical calculations were performed using SPSS software.Results:In ANCA-screen 36.0% of the cases and 2.6 % of controls tested positive (p<0.001). 23/52 (44.2%) of the cases were PR3-ANCA positive (OR 56.3; 95% CI 7.26-436.62) and 8/52 (15.4%) were MPO-ANCA positive (OR 4.18; 95% CI 1.05-16.62). The mean (SD) predating time for PR3-ANCA positivity was 3.73 (3.49) years and for MPO-ANCA positivity 2.11 (1.46) years. Cases with positive predating PR3-ANCA were younger (46.0±19.4 vs 65.6±12.0 years; P<0.001) than cases with a negative predating PR3-ANCA. MPO-ANCA positive vs. MPO-ANCA negative pre-dating cases had more often severe disease (kidney/lung/peripheral nervous system) (OR 15.08; 95% CI 1.68—135.54) at disease onset. Furthermore, predating MPO-ANCA positive vs predating PR3-ANCA positive cases had significantly more often severe manifestations at disease onset (87.5% vs 28.6%; p<0.05). Cases positive vs. negative for MPO-ANCA in predating samples were less often classified as GPA (37.5% vs 86.4%; p<0.01) and more often as MPA (62.5% vs 13.6%; p<0.05).Conclusion:The production of both PR3 and MPO-ANCA starts already years before onset of symptoms of AAV. Presence of MPO-ANCA appeared closer to symptom onset and with more severe disease presentation. Differences in the disease phenotype and disease severity were evident between the two ANCA serotypes.References:[1]Watts et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:222-22Acknowledgments: :Vasculitis Foundation, USADisclosure of Interests:Ewa Berglin: None declared, Aladdin J Mohammad Speakers bureau: lecture fees from Roche and Elli Lilly Sweden, PI (GiACTA study), Johanna Dahlqvist: None declared, Catharina Eriksson: None declared, Johanna Sjöwall: None declared, Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist: None declared
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- Berglin, Ewa, MD, PhD, 1955-, et al.
(author)
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Protein profiling in individuals before onset of anca-associated vasculitis
- 2020
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In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 79, s. 372-372
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Etiology and pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is multifactorial and understanding of the processes leading from a healthy immune system to autoimmunity and on to debut of symptoms in AAV is rudimentary.Objectives:To identify inflammatory proteins related to the early processes preceding AAV development, and potential novel biomarkers, using large-scale protein analysesMethods:The Swedish National Patient Register of in-patient carevand the Swedish Cause of Death Register with discharge diagnosis from ICD-9 and-10 for AAV were co-analysed with the registers of 4 different blood biobanks to identify AAV individuals with available samples predating onset of symptom. Of the pre-AAV cases 86 (36 male, 50 female; mean age (SD); 51.9 (16.9) years) were identified with at least one plasma or serum sample (28 plasma, and 100 serum) pre-dating symptom onset (mean (SD); -4.3 (3.1) years), and 14 had 2-3 samples. Serum and plasma control samples matched for sex, age and sampling date were identified (n=198; 82 male, 116 female; mean age (SD); 51.9±15.9 years). The samples were analysed for levels of 92 proteins using proximity extension assay (OLINK inflammation panel, SciLifeLab, Uppsala, Sweden). Data were analysed using routine statistical methods, random forest and Partial Least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).Results:As previously described for the assay significant difference between plasma and serum samples were observed both in pre-AAV individuals and controls. In pre-AAV plasma samples significantly increased concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, chemokine ligand (CCL)-4, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)21, IL-4 and CCL20 were found closer to symptom onset, (<5 years) than later (> 5 years) and compared with controls. In serum tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member (TNFRSF)9, CXCL9, osteoprotegerin and vascular endothelial growth factor-A were significantly increased <5 years before onset vs. later (>5 years) and compared with controls. PLS-DA score scattered plot separated the pre-AAV individuals from healthy controls (R2=0.26), with significantly increased levels of CCL23, CXCL5, and matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1),transforming growth factor-ß, orosomucoid, en-rage (S100A12) and IL-7 and decreased FGF-19 level in serum. Binary logistic regression analyses comparing tertiles for these proteins confirmed significantly increased odds ratios for disease development of CCL23, CXCL5 and MMP-1. The findings were confirmed in random forest analysis where these factors were among the 20 most discriminatory factors between pre-symptomatic AAV and controls.Conclusion:In serum samples collected years before symptom onset of AAV, proteins involved in immune system activation were increased, suggesting that the inflammatory process is initiated long before clinical manifestations of the disease appear. These findings propose the elevated proteins as novel biomarkers for disease progression.References:[1]Watts et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:222-22Acknowledgments:Vasculitis Foundation, USADisclosure of Interests:Ewa Berglin: None declared, Anders Esberg: None declared, Johanna Dahlqvist: None declared, Johanna Sjöwall: None declared, Anders Lundquist: None declared, Kristina Lejon: None declared, Ingegerd Johansson: None declared, Aladdin J Mohammad Speakers bureau: lecture fees from Roche and Elli Lilly Sweden, PI (GiACTA study), Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist: None declared
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| 5. |
- Andelin, M., et al.
(author)
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Assessing the Accuracy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Calibrated With Capillary Values Using Capillary or Venous Glucose Levels as a Reference.
- 2016
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In: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. - : Diabetes Technology Society. - 1932-2968. ; 10:4, s. 876-884
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Using the standard venous reference for the evaluation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems could possibly negatively affect measured CGM accuracy since CGM are generally calibrated with capillary glucose and venous and capillary glucose concentrations differ. We therefore aimed to quantify the effect of using capillary versus venous glucose reference samples on estimated accuracy in capillary calibrated CGM.less thanbr /greater thanMethods: We evaluated 41 individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using the Dexcom G4 CGM system over 6 days. Patients calibrated their CGM devices with capillary glucose by means of the HemoCue system. During 2 visits, capillary and venous samples were simultaneously measured by HemoCue and compared to concomitantly obtained CGM readings. The mean absolute relative difference (MARD) was calculated using capillary and venous reference samples.less thanbr /greater thanResults: Venous glucose values were 0.83 mmol/L (15.0 mg/dl) lower than capillary values over all glycemic ranges, P less than .0001. Below 4 mmol/l (72 mg/dl), the difference was 1.25 mmol/l (22.5 mg/dl), P = .0001, at 4-10 mmol/l (72-180 mg/dl), 0.67 mmol/l (12.0 mg/dl), P less than .0001 and above 10 mmol/l (180 mg/dl), 0.95 mmol/l (17.1 mg/dl), P less than .0001. MARD was 11.7% using capillary values as reference compared to 13.7% using venous samples, P = .037. Below 4 mmol/l (72 mg/dl) MARD was 16.6% and 31.8%, P = .048, at 4-10 mmol/l (72-180 mg/dl) 12.1% and 12.6%, P = .32, above 10 mmol/l (180 mg/dl) 8.7% and 9.2%, P = .82.less thanbr /greater thanConclusion: Using capillary glucose concentrations as reference to evaluate the accuracy of CGM calibrated with capillary samples is associated with a lower MARD than using venous glucose as the reference. Capillary glucose concentrations were significantly higher than venous in all glycemic ranges.less thanbr /greater than (© 2016 Diabetes Technology Society.)
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- Green, P G, et al.
(author)
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Sex steroid regulation of the inflammatory response : Sympathoadrenal dependence in the female rat
- 1999
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In: Journal of Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 19, s. 4082-4089
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To investigate the role of sex steroids in sex differences in the response of rats to the potent inflammatory mediator bradykinin (BK), we evaluated the effect of sex steroid manipulation on the magnitude of BK-induced synovial plasma extravasation (PE). The magnitude of BK-induced PE is markedly less in females. Ovariectomy of female rats increased BK-induced PE, and administration of 17 beta-estradiol to ovariectomized female rats reconstituted the female phenotype. Castration in male rats decreased BK-induced PE, and administration of testosterone or its nonmetabolizable analog dihydrotestosterone reconstituted the male phenotype. The results of these experiments strongly support the role of both male and female sex steroids in sex differences in the inflammatory response. Because the stress axes are sexually dimorphic and are important in the regulation of the inflammatory response, we evaluated the contribution of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and the sympathoadrenal axes to sex differences in BK-induced PE. Neither hypophysectomy nor inhibition of corticosteroid synthesis affected BK-induced PE in female or male rats. Adrenal denervation in females produced the same magnitude increase in BK-induced PE as adrenalectomy or ovariectomy, suggesting that the adrenal medullary factor(s) in females may account for the female sex steroid effect on BK-induced PE. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that in female but not male rats, estrogen receptor a! immunoreactivity is present on medullary but not cortical cells in the adrenal gland. These data suggest that regulation of the inflammatory response by female sex steroids is strongly dependent on the sympathoadrenal axis, possibly by its action on estrogen receptors on adrenal medullary cells.
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