| 1. |
- Patterson, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; , s. 588-594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2-6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
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| 2. |
- Adams, Liz, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in teaching capstone courses
- 2003
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Ingår i: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin. ; 35:3, s. 219-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many of us run capstone project courses and do so in different ways. The members of this panel come from different countries, belong to different types of institutions, teach in different computing disciplines and the capstone projects they run also vary considerably. Yet, there is a strong sense of consensus about what a capstone project is and how valuable it is as a learning experience for students.The panel discussion will serve as an inspiration to develop new, and change old capstone project courses. The main aim is to discuss why, or why not, different approaches work in a capstone project. What are the learning objectives behind the approach? What are the problems? What are the benefits? How is assessment managed? What resources, tools and techniques are used to administer and manage the projects?Concrete examples of how capstone projects are run at the six institutions represented by the panellists will be given, and issues such as framework, methodologies, project examples and technologies used in the process of producing projects will be addressed.
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| 3. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 4. |
- Daniels, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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MEAD, Managing Education with Teachers at a Distance
- 2003
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Ingår i: IEEE Frontiers in Education conference. - 0780379616 ; , s. S1F26-S1F29
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The MEAD project is aimed at the challenge of getting competent teachers in a rapidly changing area such as computer science which for many institutions is a non-trivial task. Involving teachers at remote institutions might be a solution to this problem. There are, however, many obstacles with doing so, and this paper looks into the teacher aspect of being involved from a remote place in a course, as well as to present the Open Ended Group Project (OEGP) as a suitable education format for such a situation.The first step in this project has been to investigate properties of OEGPs and to see if the concept will fit with the intention of the MEAD project. Some general aspects of OEGPs that are deemed especially promising are presented, many of them based on Runestone which is an OEGP where experience of involving non-local teachers has been gained. The IT project semester is an instance of a course that is run with a non-local teacher. Planning and initial observations from this course are presented.
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| 5. |
- Daniels, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Open Ended Group Projects, Motivating Students and Preparing them for the
- 2002
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Ingår i: IEEE Conference on Software Engineering Education & Training.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper brings together three different sets of experiences of using large scale open ended group projects as a means of enhancing the skills of undergraduate students and preparing them for a career in Software Engineering. The paper commences by examining the circumstances in which open ended group projects have proved to be successful, briefly indicating the criteria that have been used to measure that success. It then examines some of the choices that must be made in designing and managing such projects, drawing on the different experiences of the three authors. It is argued throughout that open ended group projects are an effective way of developing and enhancing skills and of reinforcing learning in most knowledge areas. It is further suggested that open ended group projects offer a way of preparing students for their subsequent careers which is valued by industry and commerce and which also motivates and enthuses students.
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| 6. |
- Daniels, Mats, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching computer science: Experiences from four continents
- 1996
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Ingår i: ACM SIGCSE Bulletin. ; 28:1, s. 102-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we compare and contrast computer science curricula in four universities in four different countries (and continents): Australia; Israel; South Africa and Sweden. Uppsala University in Sweden is a European university founded in 1477 with a long history of tradition. The University of Witwatersrand in South Africa and Deakin University in Australia evolved from 'Schools of Mines' (technical schools) in 1922 and 1977 re-spectively and have their roots in the British aca-demic sys-tem. The Open University of Israel, established in 1974 by the Ministry of Education, began teaching in 1976. As new universities, Deakin University and the Open University of Israel sought to fill needs not met by existing universities, so both have con-centrated on dis-tance learning (off-campus) programs. For similar reasons, Deakin University and the Open University of Israel also provide special non-degree short courses and programs. We refer to under-graduate and graduate studies and consider degree requirements, methods of delivery, assessment, and costs. We also briefly mention such issues as programming languages and the development and evolution of programs of study and of individual courses in the four universities.
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| 7. |
- Daniels, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Widening the horizon using the OEIGP
- 2005
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Ingår i: HCI International, Las Vegas.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper brings together two themes, 'Open Ended Group Projects' (OEGP) and 'Projects involving international student and faculty collaboration'. It explores some of the possible advantages, and pitfalls, of the resulting Open Ended International Group Projects (OEIGP). The ideas are illustrated with particular reference to an ongoing pilot study at Uppsala University. OEGP offer an educational 'model', or tool, that has many benefits in terms of how and what students learn. This paper contains an explanation of the ideas that underlie the OEGP and show how it can be used to encourage reflection on and application of the fundamental, subject specific, principles that students have learned. The paper also explains how OEGP can contribute to the development of professional and 'social' skills which will be essential for the future careers of the students. OEGP can be used to increase student motivation, reinforce other educational approaches and allow new 'fast breaking' topics to be explored in some depth without changing the curriculum. The extent to which this actually happens, the readiness of the teachers to assume a less controlling role as well as the problems of assessing group projects fairly and with particular emphasis on social skills aspects, are addressed in this paper. Finally, widening the educational horizon by adding an international flavor to the OEGP is examined and the experiences at Uppsala are put into perspective.
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| 8. |
- Faulkner, Xristine, et al.
(författare)
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Open Ended Group Projects (OEGP) : A way of including diversity in the IT curriculum
- 2006
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Ingår i: Diversity in information technology education. - : Information Science Publishing, London. - 1591407427 ; , s. 166-195
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern societies are now beginning to accept that their citizens are diverse but, arguably, have not yet faced up to the challenges of diversity. Schools and universities thus have a role to play in equipping students for the diverse society in which they will live and work. IT students in particular need to appreciate the diversity of society as they specify, design, build and evaluate systems for a wide range of people. This chapter examines the concept of the Open Ended Group Project (OEGP) and uses examples to demonstrate that OEGP forms an effective technique for encouraging students to work together in diverse teams. The appropriateness of OEGP as a means of addressing diversity in the curriculum is examined and it is concluded that OEGP offers a suitable means of enabling students to develop strategies for accommodating diversity in both their future working life and the wider society.
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| 9. |
- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(författare)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 10. |
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