| 1. |
- Field, Christopher B., et al.
(författare)
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Summary for Policymakers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and SectoralAspects.. - 9781107415379 ; , s. 1-32
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Menkveld, Albert J., et al.
(författare)
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Nonstandard Errors
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF FINANCE. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0022-1082 .- 1540-6261. ; 79:3, s. 2339-2390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty-nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
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| 3. |
- Gordon, T. A. C., et al.
(författare)
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Fishes in a changing world : learning from the past to promote sustainability of fish populations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Fish Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-1112 .- 1095-8649. ; 92:3, s. 804-827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Populations of fishes provide valuable services for billions of people, but face diverse and interacting threats that jeopardize their sustainability. Human population growth and intensifying resource use for food, water, energy and goods are compromising fish populations through a variety of mechanisms, including overfishing, habitat degradation and declines in water quality. The important challenges raised by these issues have been recognized and have led to considerable advances over past decades in managing and mitigating threats to fishes worldwide. In this review, we identify the major threats faced by fish populations alongside recent advances that are helping to address these issues. There are very significant efforts worldwide directed towards ensuring a sustainable future for the world's fishes and fisheries and those who rely on them. Although considerable challenges remain, by drawing attention to successful mitigation of threats to fish and fisheries we hope to provide the encouragement and direction that will allow these challenges to be overcome in the future.
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| 4. |
- Nino, Jean-Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Factors in Fraudulent Emails that Deceive Elderly People
- 2017
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Ingår i: Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Aging, Design and User Experience. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319585291 - 9783319585307 ; , s. 360-368
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fraud over the Internet is an increasingly common phenomenon and very common in the form of emails. Though new forms of fraud appear, it is important to look at common denominators that have so far come to light, and try to determine how they should be addressed in order to create a safer stay for everyone on the Internet. With this as motivation, and with a special eye to groups that may be considered especially vulnerable, this study aims to investigate what factors in fraudulent emails that people aged 65 and older have difficulty identifying when they meet them.The increasing use of the Internet, the target group’s vulnerability, and the increasing use of technology in everyday life imply that this kind of fraud is likely to be borne by society to an ever increasing extent. These factors paint a disturbing picture of how the situation is today and the direction in which the phenomenon is headed. It is therefore of interest to clarify which factors come into play in successful attacks against the target group in order to target countermeasures against this form of fraud. To accomplish this, a survey was conducted among residents of a nursing home and members of a Swedish national senior citizen organisation. The results from 122 respondents to our digital questionnaire show that the importance of technical factors in fraudulent email needs to be clarified for the studied group in order for them to make better, accurate assessments of the emails that they meet. The most common factor that the respondents failed to identify were links in the email that looked untrustworthy.
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