| 1. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Sangkuhl, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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PharmVar GeneFocus : CYP2C9
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0009-9236 .- 1532-6535. ; 110:3, s. 662-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Pharmacogene Variation Consortium (PharmVar) catalogues star (*) allele nomenclature for the polymorphic human CYP2C9 gene. Genetic variation within the CYP2C9 gene locus impacts the metabolism or bioactivation of many clinically important drugs, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, phenytoin, antidiabetic agents, and angiotensin receptor blockers. Variable CYP2C9 activity is of particular importance regarding efficacy and safety of warfarin and siponimod as indicated in their package inserts. This GeneFocus provides a comprehensive overview and summary of CYP2C9 and describes how haplotype information catalogued by PharmVar is utilized by the Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase and the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium.
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| 3. |
- Del Tredici, Andria L., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of novel selective V-2 receptor non-peptide agonists
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biochemical Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-2952 .- 1356-1839. ; 76:9, s. 1134-1141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peptides with agonist activity at the vasopressin V-2 receptor are used clinically to treat fluid homeostasis disorders such as polyuria and central diabetes insipidus. of these peptides, the most commonly used is desmopressin, which displays poor bioavailability as well as potent activity at the V-1b receptor, with possible stress-related adverse effects. Thus, there is a strong need for the development of small molecule chemistries with selective V-2 receptor agonist activity. Using the functional cell-based assay Receptor Selection and Amplification Technology (R-SAT (R)), a screening effort identified three small molecule chemotypes (AC-94544, AC-88324, and AC-110484) with selective agonist activity at the V-2 receptor. One of these compounds, AC-94544, displayed over 180-fold selectivity at the V-2 receptor compared to related vasopressin and oxytocin receptors and no activity at 28 other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). All three compounds also showed partial agonist activity at the V-2 receptor in a cAMP accumulation assay. In addition, in a rat model of central diabetes insipidus, AC-94544 was able to significantly reduce urine output in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, AC-94544, AC-88324, and AC-110484 represent novel opportunities for the treatment of disorders associated with V-2 receptor agonist deficiency.
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| 4. |
- Saitton, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of a PLG tripeptidomimetic based on a pyridine scaffold.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of medicinal chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 47:26, s. 6595-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 2,3,4-substituted pyridine derivative has been identified as a potential tripeptidomimetic scaffold. The design of the scaffold was based on conformational and electrostatic comparisons with a natural tripeptide. The scaffold has been used in the synthesis of a Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (PLG) mimetic. The different substituents in the 2-, 3-, and 4-positions of the pyridine ring were introduced via an aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction, a "halogen-dancing" reaction, and a Grignard coupling of a Boc-protected amino aldehyde, respectively. The synthetic route involves eight steps and provides the mimetic in 20% overall yield. The pyridine based PLG-mimetic was evaluated for its ability to enhance the maximum response of the dopamine agonist N-propylapomorphine (NPA) at human D2 receptors using a cell based assay (the R-SAT assay). The dose-response curve of the mimetic was found to exhibit a down-turn phase, similar to that of PLG. In addition, the mimetic was more potent than PLG to enhance the NPA response; the maximum response was found to be 146% at 10 nM concentration, as compared to 115% for PLG at the same concentration. Interestingly, conformational analysis by molecular modeling showed that the pyridine mimetic cannot adopt a type II beta-turn conformation that previously has been suggested to be the bioactive conformation of PLG.
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| 5. |
- Saitton, Stina, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and evaluation of novel pyridine based PLG tripeptidomimetics
- 2008
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Ingår i: Org. Biomol. Chem.. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). ; 6, s. 1647 - 1654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analogues of the pyridine based PLG (Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2) peptidomimetic 1 were synthesized and evaluated as dopamine modulating agents. Modifications in the position corresponding to the leucine side chain in PLG afforded derivatives 2, 3 and 4, substituted with H, Me and Bn instead of the isobutyl group, respectively. Changes in the proline residue produced derivative 5, substituted with a symmetrical piperidine ring instead of the pyrrolidine ring and 6, in which the pyrrolidine ring is connected to the pyridine ring via a hydroxymethyl group instead of a keto function. The peptidomimetics were tested for their ability to enhance the maximal effect of N-propylapomorphine (NPA) at dopamine D2 receptors in the functional cell-based R-SAT assay. Compounds 2, 3, and 4, produced a statistically significant increase in the maximal NPA response at 10 nM (117 ± 6%, 118 ± 6%, and 116 ± 3%, respectively), which is similar to the effect of PLG in this assay, whereas 5 was able to potentiate the response to a similar extent at 1 nM concentration (115 ± 5%). All derivatives produced a bell-shaped dose–response curve and none of the compounds were active at the D2 receptor alone, which indicates that the mechanism behind the activity of both the pyridine based mimetics 1–6 and PLG is the same. Interestingly, L-Pro-D-Leu-Gly-NH2 was found to be more potent than PLG and produced a 119 ± 1% increase in the NPA response at 1 nM.
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