| 1. |
- Dobsicek Trefna, Hana, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of an UWB antenna for hyperthermia array applicator
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 6th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2012. Prague, 26-30 March 2012.. - 9781457709180 ; , s. 1046 - 1048
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Designs of three UWB antennas and their suitability to be used as a basis antenna element in the hyperthermia applicator for the treatment of tumors in head and neck region are considered. The antennas with reflection coefficient less than -10 dB at frequency range 350 MHz to 1 GHz are immersed in water bolus. The evaluation of the SAR distributions was carried out by comparing the different cross-sections of muscle equivalent phantom. Numerical simulations were performed in CST Microwave studio and verified experimentally via measurements of S-parameters and SAR distributions in phantoms.
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| 2. |
- Fhager, Andreas, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Progress in clinical diagnostics and treatment with electromagnetic fields
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EUCAP 2011. Rome, 11-15 April 2011. - 9788882020743 ; , s. 1936-1937
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for novel diagnostic and treatment systems to overcome the limitations with todays modalities. Microwave and THz based system has the potential to become both sensitive and specific in several applications. In this paper we discuss several applications that are currently being developed at the Chalmers University of Technology.
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| 3. |
- Bakker, A., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of clinical data to determine the minimum number of sensors required for adequate skin temperature monitoring of superficial hyperthermia treatments
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 34:7, s. 910-917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Tumor response and treatment toxicity are related to minimum and maximum tissue temperatures during hyperthermia, respectively. Using a large set of clinical data, we analyzed the number of sensors required to adequately monitor skin temperature during superficial hyperthermia treatment of breast cancer patients. Methods: Hyperthermia treatments monitored with >60 stationary temperature sensors were selected from a database of patients with recurrent breast cancer treated with re-irradiation (23 × 2 Gy) and hyperthermia using single 434 MHz applicators (effective field size 351–396 cm2). Reduced temperature monitoring schemes involved randomly selected subsets of stationary skin sensors, and another subset simulating continuous thermal mapping of the skin. Temperature differences (ΔT) between subsets and complete sets of sensors were evaluated in terms of overall minimum (Tmin) and maximum (Tmax) temperature, as well as T90 and T10. Results: Eighty patients were included yielding a total of 400 hyperthermia sessions. Median ΔT was 50 sensors were used. Subsets of 50 sensors were used. Thermal profiles (8–21 probes) yielded a median ΔT < 0.01 °C for T90 and Tmax, with a 95%CI of −0.2 °C and 0.4 °C, respectively. The detection rate of Tmax≥43 °C is ≥85% while using >50 stationary sensors or thermal profiles. Conclusions: Adequate coverage of the skin temperature distribution during superficial hyperthermia treatment requires the use of >50 stationary sensors per 400 cm2applicator. Thermal mapping is a valid alternative.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carrapiço-Seabra, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Application of the ESHO-QA guidelines for determining the performance of the LCA superficial hyperthermia heating system
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 40:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aimed to assess the quality of the lucite cone applicator (LCA), the standard applicator for superficial hyperthermia at the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, using the most recent quality assurance guidelines, thus verifying their feasibility. Materials and methods: The assessment was conducted on each of the six LCAs available for clinical treatments. The temperature distribution was evaluated using an infrared camera across different layers of a fat-muscle mimicking phantom. The maximum temperature increase, thermal effective penetration depth (TEPD), and thermal effective field size (TEFS) were used as quality metrics. The experimental results were validated through comparison with simulated results, using a canonical phantom model and a realistic phantom model segmented from CT imaging. Results: A maximum temperature increase above 6 °C at 2 cm depth in the fat-muscle phantom for all the experiments was found. A mean negative difference between simulated and experimental data was of 1.3 °C when using the canonical phantom model. This value decreased to a mean negative difference of 0.4 °C when using the realistic model. Simulated and measured TEPD showed good agreement for both in silico scenarios, while discrepancies were present for TEFS. Conclusions: The LCAs passed all QA guidelines requirements for superficial hyperthermia delivery when used singularly or in an array configuration. A further characterization of parameters such as antenna efficiency and heat transfer coefficients would be beneficial for translating experimental results to simulated values. Implementing the QA guidelines was time-consuming and demanding, requiring careful preparation and correct setup of antenna elements.
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| 6. |
- de Lazzari, Mattia, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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Design and manufacture procedures of phantoms for hyperthermia QA guidelines
- 2023
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Ingår i: 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2023.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical outcome of hyperthermia therapy (HT) is strongly correlated with the thermal dose delivered into the tumor. Achieving of prescribed temperature distribution within the target area should therefore the primary objective of any HT treatment. The Quality Assurance (QA) guidelines developed in past decennium by ESHO-TC establish the physical characterization and prescribe the safeguards to ensure that the clinically used equipment is capable of achieving adequate temperatures. The direct implementation of these guidelines is however limited by the lack of suitable phantom materials. To address this issue, we propose (i) a novel material to mimic fat tissue and (ii) a standardized phantom verification of phased array applicators for deep HT in Head and Neck (H&N) and extremities. In particular, (i) a fat-phantom composed of an ethylcellulose based oleogel exhibit equivalent dielectric and thermal properties with the required mechanical stability even at elevated temperatures, while (ii) the standardized phantom provides the means to capture the thermal profiles to evaluate the performance indicators in reproducible manner. Both phantoms thus bears a great potential for their extensive use in QA procedures.
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| 7. |
- de Lazzari, Mattia, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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Ethylcellulose-stabilized fat-tissue phantom for quality assurance in clinical hyperthermia
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 40:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Phantoms accurately mimicking the electromagnetic and thermal properties of human tissues are essential for the development, characterization, and quality assurance (QA) of clinically used equipment for Hyperthermia Treatment (HT). Currently, a viable recipe for a fat equivalent phantom is not available, mainly due to challenges in the fabrication process and fast deterioration. Materials and methods: We propose to employ a glycerol-in-oil emulsion stabilized with ethylcellulose to develop a fat-mimicking material. The dielectric, rheological, and thermal properties of the phantom have been assessed by state-of-the-art measurement techniques. The full-size phantom was then verified in compliance with QA guidelines for superficial HT, both numerically and experimentally, considering the properties variability. Results: Dielectric and thermal properties were proven equivalent to fat tissue, with an acceptable variability, in the 8 MHz to 1 GHz range. The rheology measurements highlighted enhanced mechanical stability over a large temperature range. Both numerical and experimental evaluations proved the suitability of the phantom for QA procedures. The impact of the dielectric property variations on the temperature distribution has been numerically proven to be limited (around 5%), even if higher for capacitive devices (up to 20%). Conclusions: The proposed fat-mimicking phantom is a good candidate for hyperthermia technology assessment processes, adequately representing both dielectric and thermal properties of the human fat tissue while maintaining structural stability even at elevated temperatures. However, further experimental investigations on capacitive heating devices are necessary to better assess the impact of the low electrical conductivity values on the thermal distribution.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Dobsicek Trefna, Hana, 1979
(författare)
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Advances in Microwave Hyperthermia Treatment using Time Reversal
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The last twenty years have seen many clinical studies showing the ability of hyperthermia to remarkably enhance response to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The objective of hyperthermia treatment is to raise the temperature in tumors to therapeutic levels, for a sufficient period of time, in order to achieve cell death or render the cells more sensitive to ionizing radiation and/or chemotherapy. One of the challenges in hyperthermia is to adequately heat deep-seated tumors while preventing surrounding healthy tissue from undesired heating and damage.In this thesis, a new focusing technique, based on a time-reversal (TR) approach, for microwave hyperthermia is described and evaluated. First, the method was tested numerically using 2-D computer models of breast and neck. The obtained results were encouraging and suggest a multifrequency approach, in which the choice of frequency depends on the treated area size as well as on the tumor volume.Building on these results, a specific broadband antenna array was designed. In this design the applicator is immersed in a matching liquid and consists of between 12 and 16 identical triangular patch elements placed in a ring antenna arrangement. Next, we built a TR-hyperthermia amplifier system that operates in both continuous and pulsed wave regimes. The accuracy of the signal delivery as prescribed by the treatment planning tool is similar to clinical standards. However, at present, the output power allows only for experiments with phantoms or animals. The results show great promise and will be further investigated in clinical studies. Finally, the feasibility of microwave thermal imaging as a non-invasive approach for temperature monitoring during the treatment was investigated. The initial results of this approach, which is based on the variation of the dielectric properties with temperature, are encouraging. Work is in progress to evaluate the prospects of integrating microwave thermometry into our TR-hyperthermia system.
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| 10. |
- Dobsicek Trefna, Hana, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Antenna Applicator for Microwave Hyperthermia Treatment of Pediatric Brain Cancer
- 2014
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Ingår i: 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2014, The Hague, The Netherlands 6-11 April 2014. - 9788890701849
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A novel antenna applicator for microwave hyperthermia allowing treatment of deep brain tumors is proposed. The applicator consists of up to 16 antennas placed around the head in a helmet-like set-up and operates at a frequency range of 430-1000~MHz. The self-grounded bow-tie antennas are housed in a molded plastic enclosure with the shape of a truncated cone. The inner space of the enclosure is filled with distilled water. The antennas are attached to a perimetric water bolus with a thickness of 2 cm and aligned with the head shape. The focusing ability of the applicator was investigated on a homogeneous SAM model and on a model of a 13-year old patient containing a spherical tumor of 2 cm radius. Two different tumor positions were investigated: the right frontal lobe and the central brain. The obtained SAR distributions are favorable, although a relatively high level of energy is also absorbed on the surface of the body. This heating is however not expected to cause problems as it can be cooled by blood perfusion and water bolus. Our results show that focused microwave heating in the brain is feasible and warrants further verification on phantoms.
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