| 1. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Farnocchia, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2019 XS
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Planetary Science Journal. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2632-3338. ; 3:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of the International Asteroid Warning Network's observational exercises, we conducted a campaign to observe near-Earth asteroid 2019 XS around its close approach to Earth on 2021 November 9. The goal of the campaign was to characterize errors in the observation times reported to the Minor Planet Center, which become an increasingly important consideration as astrometric accuracy improves and more fast-moving asteroids are observed. As part of the exercise, a total of 957 astrometric observations of 2019 XS during the encounter were reported and subsequently were analyzed to obtain the corresponding residuals. While the timing errors are typically smaller than 1 s, the reported times appear to be negatively biased, i.e., they are generally earlier than they should be. We also compared the observer-provided position uncertainty with the cross-track residuals, which are independent of timing errors. A large fraction of the estimated uncertainties appear to be optimistic, especially when <0 2. We compiled individual reports for each observer to help identify and remove the root cause of any possible timing error and improve the uncertainty quantification process. We suggest possible sources of timing errors and describe a simple procedure to derive reliable, conservative position uncertainties.
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| 4. |
- Li, Jian-Li, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of FeO on the formation of spinel phases and chromium distribution in the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-Cr2O3 system
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-4799 .- 1869-103X. ; 20:3, s. 253-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synthetic slag samples of the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-Cr2O3 system were obtained to clarify the effect of FeO on the formation of spinel phases and Cr distribution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), as well as the thermodynamic software FactSage 6.2, were used for sample characterization. The results show that the addition of FeO can decrease the viscosity of molten slag and the precipitation temperatures of melilite and merwinite. The solidus temperature significantly decreases from 1400 to 1250 degrees C with the increase of FeO content from 0wt% to 6wt%. The addition of FeO could enhance the content of Cr in spinel phases and reduce the content of Cr in soluble minerals, such as merwinite, melilite, and dicalcium silicate. Hence, the addition of FeO is conducive to decreasing Cr leaching.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Zhang, Hui-ning, et al.
(författare)
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Carbothermic Reduction of Zinc and Iron Oxides in Electric Arc Furnace Dust
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Iron and Steel Research International. - 1006-706X .- 2210-3988. ; 21:4, s. 427-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reduction of zinc and iron oxides from electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) by carbon was investigated at temperatures between 800 and 1300 °C. The analytic technique employed includes chemical analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and thermodynamic database FactSage 6. 2. It was found that the reduction of zinc and iron oxides depends largely on Boudouad reaction. At 900 °C, zinc exists in tested samples as ZnO, which is reduced in the temperature range of 1000 — 1100 °C. At 1100 °C, 99. 11% of the zinc is evaporated. The metallization ratio of Fe is 79. 19% at 1300 °C, as the content of Fe2+ is still 9. 40%. A higher temperature is thus required for a higher reduction degree of Fe oxides by solid or gaseous carbon
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| 7. |
- Chen, Guanghui, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of tunnel support parameters with consideration of seismic wave radiation pattern in the fault-slip burst
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering. - : China University of Mining and Technology. - 1673-3363. ; 34:4, s. 715-722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the underground mining extends gradually towards depth, more and more seismic events induced by fault slip occur and cause great damages, which have become a severe potential threat to mining safety. In view of the plane strain problems, through the three dimensional discrete model established, comparison and analysis was carried out between the equivalent calculation of plane strain in 3D model and a 2D discrete model. The results have shown that the research model developed to simulate the propagation of seismic wave in 3D is feasible and applicable. The study of the effect of radiation pattern on seismic propagation revealed and tested the direction of P-and S-wave propagation, which presents high consistency to double couple model of the fault slip. On this basis, the comparison with the design scaling law formulas proposed by Kaiser and associates finds that the existing design scaling law does not totally satisfy the demand of practical engineering. Numerical calculation and analysis with the three dimensional discrete model can further optimize the support parameters, provide better service for system design of mining support, and ensure the safety and high efficiency in mining.
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| 8. |
- Farnocchia, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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The Second International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2005 LW3
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Planetary Science Journal. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 2632-3338. ; 4:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Earth close approach of near-Earth asteroid 2005 LW3 on 2022 November 23 represented a good opportunity for a second observing campaign to test the timing accuracy of astrometric observation. With 82 participating stations, the International Asteroid Warning Network collected 1046 observations of 2005 LW3 around the time of the close approach. Compared to the previous timing campaign targeting 2019 XS, some individual observers were able to significantly improve the accuracy of their reported observation times. In particular, U.S. surveys achieved good timing performance. However, no broad, systematic improvement was achieved compared to the previous campaign, with an overall negative bias persisting among the different observers. The calibration of observing times and the mitigation of timing errors should be important future considerations for observers and orbit computers, respectively.
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| 9. |
- Li, Fangfang, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and Reversible Chemisorption of Carbon Dioxide with Dianionic-Functionalized Ionic Liquid-Based Solvents
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 34:7, s. 8526-8533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing carbon dioxide (CO2) capture technologies has caused worldwide interest because of the baneful influence of CO2 on climate change as a main greenhouse gas. Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered as potential absorbents for CO2 capture because of their unique properties compared with current amine-based solvents. In this work, new dianionic-functionalized IL-based solvents, bi(1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene) dimethylhydantoin/ethylene glycol ([(DBUH)(2)][Dhyd]/EG), were designed and prepared for efficient and reversible chemisorption of CO2. Among the absorbents, [(DBUH)(2)][Dhyd]/EG with a mass ratio of 5:5 exhibited not only a high CO2 absorption capacity of 0.11 g CO2 /g absorbent at 20 degrees C and 0.10 MPa but also good recyclability. Spectroscopic characterizations and simulation calculations confirmed that the superior CO2 capacity may be attributed to the simultaneous reaction of CO(2 )with both the [Dhyd](2)- anion and deprotonated EG. The excellent CO2 absorption and regeneration performance imply that [(DBUH)(2)][Dhyd]/EG solvents may have great industrial application potentials.
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| 10. |
- Li, He, et al.
(författare)
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Multimedia Processing Pricing Strategy in GPU-Accelerated Cloud Computing
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing. - : IEEE. - 2168-7161. ; 8:4, s. 1264-1273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated processing performs significant efficiency in many multimedia applications. With the development of GPU cloud computing, more and more cloud providers focus on GPU-accelerated services. Since the high maintenance cost and different speedups for various applications, GPU-accelerated services still need a different pricing strategy. Thus, in this paper, we propose an optimal GPU-accelerated multimedia processing service pricing strategy for maximize the profits of both cloud provider and users. We first analyze the revenues and costs of the cloud provider and users when users adopt GPU-accelerated multimedia processing services then state the profit functions of both the cloud provider and users. With a game theory based method, we find the optimal solutions of both the cloud provider’s and users’ profit functions. Finally, through large scale simulations, our pricing strategy brings higher profit to the cloud provider and users compared to the original pricing strategy of GPU cloud services.
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